Education

Educating in suffering

The problem of today's society is not that it does not value the sick or that it does not respect death because it is "the end", the problem of today's society is above all that it does not value its own existence. We must change the value we give to life, in order to learn the value of suffering and death.

Lucía Simón-January 26, 2022-Reading time: 9 minutes

Graciano tightened his pace as he fixed his scarf. How cold it was that early morning. He put his hand in his pocket to check if he had taken his house key on his way out. "Everything is forgotten in a hurry," he thought, remembering the time when, also in the middle of the night, he had left his key inside. A night as cold as that one was not to be spent out in the open. He thought of Petra. Perhaps it was her last night. That little old lady full of energy. How many times she had taken his food to the sacristy: "Graciano, if I'm careless, you won't eat for days," she used to tell him.

When she reached the little house with light, she went to the door and knocked. Clara, Petra's youngest daughter, opened the door.

- Thank you, Father. At this hour I didn't know whether to call you, but she insisted so much... She has hardly spoken for days and has been asking me to call you all afternoon.

- You have done well, daughter. I have neither days nor nights of my own. They are all the Lord's.

Clara looked at him gratefully, and after taking the thick coat from him, led him into the room where her mother lay.

Petra was a tiny old woman. She seemed lost among so many blankets and pillows. She clutched a rosary tightly in her hand and stared fixedly at the door. When she heard the footsteps and saw her daughter entering, she was filled with life. As if she concentrated all the life she had left in her eyes.

- Did you bring Graciano?

- Yes, Mother. Here is Father Graciano," a smile of relief lit up his wrinkled face and he seemed to fill with peace. Graciano entered the room and carefully approached the sick woman. Clara left, closing the door.

- Hello, Petra. Good evening, Petra. Your daughter told me that she is worse and I have come here to administer the last rites and give her Communion - Don Graciano piously administered the sacrament and, after giving her Communion, sat down next to her. Petra looked happy and grabbed his hand.

- How many things since you came to town, do you remember? Just ordained and from the city. They said here that you would not adapt to such a hard and retired life," Graciano smiled.

- Here I found the family that God wanted for me. Every one of my parishioners and those who refuse to be parishioners," Petra nodded.

- I have been very happy, Graciano. Now that the end is coming, I understand that God does everything well. I married young and lost four children before I had Manuel and Clara. I thought I would never get over so much pain. Then the hard work, getting my children to study abroad and Antonio's illness.

- I remember him in his wheelchair with his club in his hand. When someone blocked his way or bothered him, he would hit him with it," Petra laughed softly.

- Yes, how many problems the blissful garrotte gave us. I even slept with it.

- Are you in a lot of pain, Petra?

- Many, but I don't care. I have many years and a great faith. God has taught me what is not in the books: to live and, therefore, to die when He wants me to - Graciano looked at her with affection and without hiding the tears that were beginning to wet his face. That woman, like all her generation, was a strong woman. How many lessons they continued to teach her. It was a wise generation, born to sustain.

- It is possible to be happy in suffering, Graciano. My children do not understand it and it is possible that it is because they have had everything easy. And life also teaches through pain. Perhaps they lack the experience of knowing nothing. They think they can do anything. They believe that science and their intelligence can fix everything.

- And, isn't it," Graciano smiled. He liked her to talk. He learned from her. He never got tired of listening.

- No, of course not. In this life only giving meaning and value to things is what brings happiness.

- What's the point of pain, Petra?

- Ah... Graciano, you know it well but you make me talk. No, don't smile. We've known each other for many years. You have eaten at my house more times than I can remember. You accompanied me to the funeral of several of my children and my husband. I never forgot one thing you said at the little boy's funeral: "In life and in death we belong to God".

- That is from Scripture.

- Yeah? I don't know, I didn't learn to read. But how much truth is there. There is no fear for the one who knows he is the son of the One who loves him most.

- Do you feel loved by God, Petra?

- Yes. In every pain I yelled at him and got angry. But I always knew he was by my side. Suffering with me. He gives meaning to meaninglessness. He shapes us in a certain way. Like my husband did with sculptures. With blows, with hardness. To set us free.

- Free?

- Yes, free. We hold on to so many things that happen. We set our hearts on so many things that are not worthwhile. And yet, in misfortune, we realize that the only thing that counts is love of God and love of others. That is to be free. To be tied to nothing in our hearts. I will go in peace today. With my faults, I know that my life has been what He has wanted. I only worry about my children and my grandchild. My children are so busy with things that are worthless. My oldest, with the virus thing, has gone crazy. "Mom, the only thing that matters is health," he was telling me the other day.

- And what did you tell him?

- I told him he was a beggar. Imagine, putting your happiness and trust in something you know you're going to lose. And the other one, Clara, is a good girl but she wants to run everything herself. She doesn't understand that the way to happiness is to obey God and do His will. She only cares about money and comfort. She should have taught them better when they were children.

- Learning the meaning of life is an apprenticeship of some years, Petra.

- Do you think they'll ever understand," she sighed, "I was wrong as a mother in that. I never taught them to suffer. Whenever they had any setback, I did everything I could to take it away from them. And when the pain came, I let them look the other way. I never taught them how to deal with it. I should have taught them. Because then they hit potholes and didn't know what to hold on to. For them, prayer is just reciting little words at full speed. They don't know Who Jesus is. They don't know what the Cross means. I did not teach them to offer, as my mother taught me. I thought it was too hard a teaching. I thought they would not understand until they had a stronger faith. And yet, how far they have gone.

- They still have time to know God, Petra. Let's pray for them and their grandson. When you are absent, I will continue to accompany them. But you can help from heaven, for the task is a big one," Petra smiled.

- Thank you, Graciano. Graciano began to pray and Petra accompanied him. First softly and then from heaven.

After comforting his daughter and promising to return first thing in the morning, Graciano went out into the cold again. But now he forgot to fix his scarf and even to button his coat.

Educate in suffering... educate and give reasons, I thought. But how can we explain the great mystery of God's love and suffering? Society does not understand pain and death because it does not understand life. Gratian thought about abortion. He thought of euthanasia. He thought of the materialism he saw so often and of the coldness towards all that is transcendent. He thought of so many people for whom a life like Petra's, without quality, was meaningless. He thought of those who think that God is like a genie of the lamp who must grant everything we desire and if not, out. Instead of understanding that He is God and we are weak creatures. How can we show all this to others when they neither ask nor are interested in it? Graciano felt very small and then the church bell rang. He smiled as lovers do and changed his way. He would no longer return home that night. He would go to his father's house. To the church where, in a small tabernacle, the Lord of all things dwells. She would ask Him for the grace, the help and the consolation to face the next day, with joy, the immense task that God had entrusted to her.


Society without suffering?

In a society in which no value is given to human life that does not enjoy "quality" according to modern standards, it is increasingly necessary to have spotlights, beacons that illuminate and fill meaninglessness with meaning. Finding meaning in suffering helps us to live it in the most humane way possible. That is why it is important to go deeper into this reality. How many times have we heard from our elders, that of "offer it" when we had some setback. Do we understand well what it means?

In our society it is becoming more and more necessary to educate in suffering. To teach children, according to their capacity, that suffering is part of life. It would be naive to think that we can deprive our children of the experience of pain and it is important to show them how to behave in those moments, what to hold on to and how to move forward. It is very frustrating not to know how to deal with one's own pain or the pain of those around us. Talking to children, according to the circumstances and their capacity to understand, without hiding from them what they are going to encounter sooner or later, means giving them the skills to face these moments. It is also surprising how children understand the mystery of pain and how they become strong and empathetic when we help them to face it, and not to deny it as if it did not exist. It is very positive to educate in this area. On the other hand, it is sad to see how many believers do not want to teach their young children about the cross, for fear of damaging their sensitivity. It is even hypocritical in a society where video games and movies are overrun with senseless violence. To teach how to offer up our pain, to support ourselves in prayer, in the recitation of the rosary and the sacraments, in love and in the support of our loved ones. All these tools God has left us so that we can find him in pain.

Christian suffering

It is possible to find joy in pain. It is possible to find hope where there seems to be nothing left to do. And it is possible because Christ exists. Because Christ rose and freed us from death and suffering, assuming them in his plan of redemption. And he did it through obedience. For he was obedient unto death, even death on the Cross. Indeed, there is a relationship between obedience and suffering. And not obedience as mere compliance or passive acceptance. But obedience as affirmation. As a positive action that affirms something greater, even if it is not clear at times: the Love of God in all circumstances and his loving care for each one. Christ was obedient unto death because he loved his own to the extreme. His obedience was perfect, born of Love. He did not limit himself to accepting "what came his way" but went further, seeing in suffering the occasion to affirm something greater: love for his Father in love for mankind.

Christ learned obedience by suffering. This statement is very revealing. Obedience that is born of love, that affirms, demands suffering from us. It demands of us a death to ourselves. It implies to stop looking at ourselves and to look at Him. Paradoxically, this is "easier" in pain. It is easier for us when we have nothing left. When it is only us and Him. We need to be "destroyed" to let Him rebuild us.

We only become like Christ when we allow Him to act in us. And we only let Him act through the experience of dying to ourselves. If we have had this experience, we will understand. For those who have never experienced their own collapse, it is incomprehensible. It is when we lack everything that seemed important to us that we can truly see our heart. What, or rather, Who we need above all.

Suffering, in itself, is an evil and evil is the absence of good. Suffering is the absence of physical and/or spiritual good. The true and greatest suffering is the absence of God, since without Him no good can exist. That is why Jesus Christ conquered suffering on the Cross. Because He assumed it in such a way that in every pain we can identify with Him. In every pain we are with Him. There is no longer complete absence. Nonsense can have meaning, value.

Christ did not eliminate the suffering of man because he respects human freedom and also the nature damaged by sin. Until the hour of Justice and the end of time arrives, we will live with pain and death. Jesus Christ did not eliminate suffering, but he did transform it at its deepest root. He participated in suffering to the extreme, to the point of invading it with his Presence.

Whoever has never asked himself about the value of his own life, it is very difficult to understand the meaning of suffering and death. One dies as one has lived. The problem of today's society is not that it does not value the sick or that it does not respect death because it is "the end", the problem of today's society is above all that it does not value its own existence. We find hardened people who live as if they were mere matter and thus it is very difficult to open a horizon of hope for them. For them everything is over. To these people we should first ask them what is the meaning of their existence in order to open them to find the meaning of their end.

Sometimes we think that God is a genie of the lamp who has to grant us what we desire if we ask hard enough. Hardly anything is preached today about doing God's will, whatever it may be. The whole Bible is permeated with passages inviting the People of God to fulfill God's will. Our life is for God, to fulfill his will. It is true that we can pray to ask for the removal of this or that suffering or for a solution to our problems. But prayer and trust in God must always be oriented to accept his Will. The anger with God, when suffering arrives, is in not wanting to let go of the reins of our life because we want it our way, or in understanding erroneously that suffering is God's command.

As a society we can help a lot. First of all, as we have pointed out, by educating our children from an early age about the meaning of suffering. But also by promoting solidarity, caring for the sick, investing in the training of health personnel, in palliative care... We must change the image that is often shown of the elderly, giving them their space and the importance and value they have in the face of a culture of youth and materialism. We must change the value we give to life, to learn the value of suffering and death.

The authorLucía Simón

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Sunday Readings

"Physicians and prophets in the name of Jesus". Fourth Sunday in Ordinary Time

Andrea Mardegan comments on the readings for the Fourth Sunday in Ordinary Time and Luis Herrera offers a short video homily. 

Andrea Mardegan / Luis Herrera-January 26, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

Commentary on Sunday readings IV

Jeremiah is called by God to speak on his behalf even though he is young and does not know how to speak. God tells him that He knew him before He formed him in the womb and that He chose him before he was born to be a prophet to the nations. He asks him to say what he will command him, and not to be afraid: "I will not be afraid.I set you today as a fortified city, an iron pillar and a bronze wall before the whole country... They will make war against you, but they will not defeat you, for I am with you to deliver you.". But his life, despite God's protection, will be full of difficulties: persecuted by his compatriots, denounced by family and friends, hated, beaten, tortured. His life is an anticipation of that of Jesus.

In the synagogue in Nazareth, Jesus said that Isaiah's prophecy was being fulfilled in him. At first there is a positive reaction. They notice his gracious words. They are amazed, but doubt arises in their hearts: how is it possible that one of them, with hands tanned by toil, can have the spirit of God and speak as a prophet, be the one of whom the ancient scriptures speak? They doubt that the prophecy can be fulfilled in their small frontier country, ignored by the scriptures: "Is not this the son of Joseph?".

Jesus read their hearts and revealed their expectations. They wanted to see there the miracles he had done in Capernaum and elsewhere. They were disappointed in their fellow citizen. Jesus quotes two proverbs to them. With the first, "Physician, heal thyself"expresses the desire of the Nazarenes to be healed by Him. They consider him a thaumaturge. With the second, "No prophet is accepted among his people"He explains to them that they are not accepting him as a prophet, they would only want to take advantage of his healing powers to live better. But Jesus is a prophet: when he heals, he does it with an eye to the faith of the sick person and to open hearts to the word of God. He speaks to them about the widow of Zarephath of Sidon and Naaman the Syrian. Those two foreigners received God's miracles, not the hard-hearted Israelites. The Nazarenes could have repented by beginning to believe in Jesus. Instead, they take him to the precipice of the mountain to throw him down. They cannot stand his truth. Jesus, escapes them, with a miracle he has done nowhere else: his hour has not come. He opens the way to give us from the cross, with baptism, the power to be all doctors who heal in their place of life, and to be prophets welcomed in their home, in their environment. Thus they will be the first Christians who will spread the faith in their villages and in their families. But also with this Gospel they were prepared not to consider themselves "doctors".of the master"when misunderstanding and persecution came. 

The homily on the readings of Sunday 21st Sunday

The priest Luis Herrera Campo offers its nanomiliaa small one-minute reflection for these readings.

The authorAndrea Mardegan / Luis Herrera

Photo Gallery

Institution of the first catechists

A Swiss guard guards the celebration of the Sunday Mass of the Word of God in St. Peter's Basilica at the Vatican on January 23, 2022. At the Mass, the Pope formally instituted women and men into the ministries of lector and catechist.

David Fernández Alonso-January 24, 2022-Reading time: < 1 minute
The Vatican

Re-establishing links with the truth

On the feast of St. Francis de Sales, patron saint of journalists, Pope Francis delivered the Message for the 56th World Communications Day, which this year will be celebrated on May 29, 2022. He highlighted two main ideas: listening and patience.

Giovanni Tridente-January 24, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

There are two interesting reflections that emerge above all from Pope Francis' Message for the 56th World Communications Day, which this year will be celebrated on May 29, 2022, delivered today to the whole Church on the feast of St. Francis de Sales, patron saint of journalists.

Connecting the ear to the heart

The first idea comes from the title of the Message, Listening with the ear of the heartIt has to do with the ability to connect our vital organ par excellence with the sense of hearing, so that it becomes an "apparatus" truly functional to the purpose and meaning of our existence: men and women who live in extended communities where love, beauty and goodness are shared, with no other purpose than the encounter with the greatest Love.

It is a journey that takes place entirely within man, through "mechanisms" that cannot be deciphered visually, but that necessarily have repercussions on the lived reality, and can benefit (or not) those we meet along the way.

Connecting the ear with the heart is not only the task of the journalist and the communicator - even if the message is essentially addressed to them - but it is an attitude that should concern every baptized person, because each one of us is not only a Christian, but also a citizen, and we are inserted in a society that today is in great need of getting rid of those short circuits that have spoiled the heart-hearing connection, which Sacred Scripture has always proposed at all times and for every person of good will.

The patience of the silence of prayer

The other idea is that of "patience". In the frenetic rhythms in which we are immersed, we have lost the ability to stop, to pause, but also to know how to wait, to know how to slow down, to sit down and listen. To listen mainly to what God has to say to us - and this can only be achieved with the patience of the silence of prayer - but also to what other people like us have to say to us. What they have to tell us, or what they want us to hear, to encourage us to face problems together and to get out of the most difficult situations together, as the pandemic has shown us so well in recent years.

A bath of humility

So the Pope's Message comes as a bath of humility, and an invitation to be concrete in our days: it is useless to frantically pursue an earthly goal that is constantly receding because it is stronger than we are. Let us dedicate ourselves rather to restoring that inner "little stretch" that connects the heart with listening, and animated by "holy patience" let us all become "attentive listeners" to the needs of the world, so that each one can do his or her part for the benefit of all.

Good listening, lots of patience and best wishes to journalists and communicators, those who by vocation feel they must be the first to re-establish links with the truth.

United States

Thousands march in the U.S. in defense of human life

The March for Life in Washington, backed by thousands of people, has been held in the hope that it will be the last nationwide march; and it represents a new cry for the "gift of every human life to be protected by law and embraced with love."

Gonzalo Meza-January 24, 2022-Reading time: 5 minutes

On Friday, January 21, thousands of people gathered in Washington DC to demonstrate in favor of life. The freezing temperatures of -6º Celsius in the US capital and the high infection rates of the Omicron variant of COVID-19 did not dampen the spirits of thousands of young people from all over the country who gathered for the 49th edition of the March for Life. Catholic colleges and universities were represented with hundreds of students who traveled from different parts of the country to the capital to participate in this walk. 

Since the "Roe v. Wade" decision

The idea for this March arose 49 years ago, after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on January 22, 1973 in favor of decriminalizing abortion throughout the country in the case known as "Roe v. Wade". Under this law it is estimated that since that date close to 60 million innocent people have lost their lives. That is why January 22nd has been designated in the church in the United States as the "Day of Prayer for the Legal Protection of Unborn Children". Around this date, ceremonies, vigils, masses, prayer and awareness days, as well as the very popular "9 Days for Life" novena are organized all over the country.

As every year, the January 21 march in the U.S. capital was preceded by a prayer vigil and Mass on January 20 at the National Basilica of the Immaculate Conception. The liturgy was presided over by the Chairman of the Pro-Life Committee of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Msgr. William E. Lori, Archbishop of Baltimore. Concelebrating with him were dozens of bishops and priests who accompanied the young people on this journey. Even with the health restrictions, nearly 5,000 people participated in the ceremony. In his homily, Msgr. Lori referred to the drama that women who have considered abortion go through: "For many of them, it seemed that their only option was to have an abortion, but deep down they knew that it was a tragic choice with serious permanent consequences. What is most needed in these situations is a witness of love and life!" That witness and concrete help they found in parishes, congregations and pro-life ministries. 

In addition to the climate of joy, enthusiasm, prayer, tiredness and cold, this 49th March for Life was marked by the hope that it will be the last march at the national level. In the coming months, one of the cases that will be discussed by the nine justices of the U.S. Supreme Court is the so-called "Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization" case. The justices' ruling on that case could reverse the abortion law at the national level, leaving it up to each state in the U.S. to decide whether or not to decriminalize abortion within their jurisdictions. Abortion would no longer be considered a "national, constitutional right". In this regard, Archbishop Lori stated: "If later this year the Supreme Court overturns Roe v. Wade, how should we prepare ourselves as Catholics? First, we must be a clear and unanimous voice to affirm that our society and laws can and should protect both women and their children. As a matter of fundamental justice, we must work to protect by law the life of the unborn, the most vulnerable and defenseless members of society."

A "pitched battle

Although the Catholic Church remains hopeful that the 1973 Roe v. Wade ruling will be overturned, thereby ending "abortion rights nationwide," the battle against life is being and will be a pitched one. Just on January 22, President Joe Biden - who declares himself a Catholic and attends Sunday Mass - as well as Vice President Kamala Harris noted in a statement, "The constitutional right established in Roe v. Wade nearly 50 years ago is under attack as never before. It is a right we believe should be codified in law. We are committed to defending it with every tool we have."

Different pro-abortion associations follow the same line. Jackson Women's Health Organization" case, the Supreme Court has received an unusual number of legal instruments called "Amici curiae" (a figure similar to a "disinterested advisor"). In these briefs, abortion advocates and organizations ask the justices to consider the series of laws that precede and establish "a woman's constitutional right to choose". This multi-front battle against life also includes desacralization.

On Thursday, January 20, while hundreds of young people were participating in the night vigil at the Basilica of the Immaculate Conception in Washington DC, a self-proclaimed group called "Catholics for choice" projected beams of light on the façade of the Basilica with texts alluding to "abortion rights". This act provoked the anger of the Archbishop of Washington DC, Cardinal Wilton Gregory, who in a statement said: "On that day (January 20) the true voice of the Church was only inside the Shrine. There, people prayed and offered the Eucharist asking God to restore true reverence for every human life. Those who buffoonishly projected words on the outside of the church building demonstrated with these occurrences that they were indeed outside the Church and at night." Cardinal Gregory concludes sharply by quoting Jn 13:30 "As soon as Judas had taken the morsel, he went out. It was night.

On the other coast, Los Angeles

The pro-life march in Washington DC was not the only one throughout the weekend, as several demonstrations were held in different parts of the country, among them the one in Los Angeles, California, entitled "One Life LA". This event also included a walk for life in the streets of Los Angeles, which concluded at the Cathedral with the "Requiem Mass for the Unborn", presided over by the President of the North American Episcopal Conference, Archbishop Jose H. Gomez, Archbishop of Los Angeles. José H. Gomez, Archbishop of Los Angeles.

In his address, Msgr. Gomez urged to work to build a society based on love: "We show that love by how we care for one another, especially how we care for the weakest and most vulnerable. OneLife LA reminds us of the beautiful truth that we are all God's children and that every life is sacred. We move forward with hope, in the spirit of OneLife LA to create a civilization of love that celebrates and protects the beauty and dignity of every human life."

Helping women and families

The day of prayer for life and the different events organized were an opportunity to publicize the different congregations and ministries that exist in the United States to help women and couples facing pregnancies under difficult situations. In recent decades and given the seriousness of abortion, numerous initiatives have emerged in the United States to offer all kinds of help to women and families going through these difficult situations. Among them are: the "Sisters for life" congregation whose mission is to help vulnerable pregnant women; the "Walking with moms in need" ministry; and Project Rachel, which provides care for those who have undergone abortion through a network of experts who offer counseling, retreats, support groups and specialized care. 

As we await the ruling of the highest court in the United States, the bishops of this country invite all Catholics to fast and pray between January and June 2022: "Let us pray that this important ruling will be the end of Roe v. Wade. We cannot build a truly just society and remain unmoved by the impact that Roe v. Wade has had on the lives of more than 60 million innocent people. Let us pray, fast and work for the gift of every human life to be protected by law and embraced with love." 

Initiatives

José Miguel Carretié. Perpetual Adoration, a jewel for the diocese

Permanent adorers, occasional adorers, cirineos or emergency adorers. These are the names, depending on their respective circumstances, of the people who commit themselves to the perpetual adoration that takes place in the Madrid parish of San Manuel González. 

Arsenio Fernández de Mesa-January 24, 2022-Reading time: 3 minutes

Who has not felt the desire to stop the pace and come face to face with the Eucharist to rest in Him? Some who long to stop the hustle and bustle and place themselves in silence looking at Jesus in the tabernacle often complain that when they can go to pray in the church it is already closed or even that it is very busy and there is no one to pray. This does not happen in San Manuel González, a parish located in San Sebastián de los Reyes where a perpetual adoration chapel was established at the beginning of this school year. Since it was a barracks, the parish priest, Jose Maria Marin, felt the concern that the Lord was accompanied at all times in his real presence. At that time, on Thursdays from eight o'clock in the morning until eleven o'clock at night the Blessed Sacrament was exposed uninterruptedly. Many people came to worship at different hours and there was planted the seed that now germinates. Once the present church was built, it was decided to establish the chapel. 

First they had to "sign up" worshippers: they advertised it on the web and went to all the parishes in the area announcing the good news, aware that they were selling a product that was of interest to everyone: "is a jewel not only for the people who go to San Manuel but for the whole area.". All the shifts of permanent worshippers. But there is also the figure of the occasional worshippersThe company has a group of people who can't always commit at the same time. They are included in chat groups so that when a replacement is needed, they can offer themselves. The name is quite graphic: they are the cirineos o emergency worshippers

Not being able to attend your hour because of an unforeseen event also opens up a beautiful apostolic task, as José Miguel Carretié, general coordinator of this work of God, tells me: "It is in those cases when one looks among friends, family members, acquaintances, for someone who can replace him or her. It is a great act of charity and many times you open a path for them that perhaps they had never thought of before.". It also brings out the best in everyone, as Margarita, one of the coordinators on duty, proudly remarks: some young people "...are not only young people, but also young people with a lot of experience.ask to be put on a difficult shift, first thing in the morning, to start the day off right.". A veritable army of souls in love has been formed and they are already committed. José Miguel tells me that "there are about 340 cirineos and about 280 adorers". But they dream of much more: "the idea is to have two or three per shift. Since there are 168 hours per week I estimate that 300 to 350 fixed shift worshippers is one of the objectives.". This is only to ensure that the Blessed Sacrament is always accompanied, because the apostolate of souls who want to adore Jesus in the Eucharist is a sea without shores. People will always be needed. 

José Miguel has been worshiping on Thursdays since the beginning of the barracks. It is essential, according to him, that even if the souls do not want to commit themselves to be adorers, they know that the Lord is always there waiting for them. He always goes there in the evening, two hours from Tuesday to Wednesday. When he arrives he is alone: "is a privilege, face to face, alone, without intermediaries, it has nothing to do with praying during the day.". The experience has made him understand why Jesus chose to pray at night. Many people tell him that as they begin to adore, they notice how the hour passes".flying". He happily confesses that "the people are very happy that this possibility of permanent adoration has arisen because it changes parish life, but also the whole life of the diocese.". It is a torrent of unsuspected grace, a reward for prioritizing supernatural means. 

In Spain there are approximately sixty perpetual adoration chapels and in recent months four have been opened. 

The general coordinator of the chapel of San Manuel González understands that ".prayer is a school to begin with where you understand many things that you understand with your heart. You experience a particular intimacy with the Lord, a familiarity that fills your heart. You receive light on certain aspects that you did not know before.". And the apostolic work is continuous: "many people around you try to find the peace and quiet that they see in other people who worship and that moves them to approach the chapel.".

The dream. The happiness of the disciples

What do people see when they look at our parishes? I think what they see is people who are only doing their duties out of habit. 

January 23, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

I was told a story. A mom goes to wake her son from the deep sleep that five-year-olds have.

- Do you know what today is?

- I don't want to go to mass, Mom.

- No? Why?

- Mom, I don't want to go to church because the people there are not happy.

If it's not true, it's well found...

Let's take a look at the people who attend Mass in any parish on any Sunday. Do they look happy? What conclusion would anyone draw if he or she were curious about one of our Masses? And it is not that, as some people say to me: "You have to have more joyful Masses" (i.e., more boisterous).

It is not the masses that have to be joyful: it is the Christians who have to be joyful.

What do people see when they look at our parishes? What do people see when they look at us Catholics? Do they see a people alive, with the joy of the Gospel burning in their hearts... I think what they see is a people who only fulfill their obligations out of habit. 

How does a conversion take place? A conversion takes place from the inside out. It is not the first thing that changes behavior, much less is it the change in behavior that changes the person. To appear happy, you have to be happy; and to be happy, something has to happen to make you happy. You don't become happy by pretending to be happy or by doing the things that those who are happy do.

Let us look at the Gospel, which came first, the chicken or the egg? First goes the Gospel and then the Acts of the Apostles. There is no dilemma here. The conversion of parishes requires us - first of all, pastors - to realize our need to become disciples on fire for Jesus Christ, and to transform parishes through parish communities, doing what the Lord does: choosing a nucleus of disciples, teaching them to be disciples and to make disciples who make other disciples. Jesus, in the Gospel, gathers and forms disciples (the happiest guys in the world); our parishes expect Mass and activity attendees, and the occasional willing volunteer.

Many parishes are immersed in a maelstrom of activism that is absolutely sterile. This frenetic pace of activity, while at the same time diminishing resources, has made us lose our joy and is leading us into a decline that, if things do not change, will inevitably lead us to disappear. Or will it?

The authorJuan Luis Rascón Ors

Pastor in San Antonio de la Florida and San Pío X. Madrid.

The World

Bernardito Auza: "Faith is the greatest inheritance we Filipinos have received from Spain".

Bernardito Auza, reaffirmed at the University of Navarra the message of three Popes in the Philippines: "the Catholic Church has been the leaven and soul of Philippine society" (Saints Paul VI and John Paul II, and Francis). 

Rafael Miner-January 23, 2022-Reading time: 7 minutes

The words of the Nuncio of His Holiness, Bishop Bernardito Auza, Filipino, are part of the visit he made to the Faculty of Theology, where he participated in a commemorative day of the V centenary of the evangelization of the PhilippinesFrancisco Pérez, Archbishop of Pamplona, and Bishop Ignacio Barrera, Vice Chancellor of the University of Navarra.

In his speech, Nuncio Auza highlighted some dates and the significance of the arrival of the first expedition that circumnavigated the world. The voyage of Ferdinand Magellan and Juan Sebastian Elcano in 1521, by which "the Gospel reached the Philippine Islands".

"The expedition of Ferdinand Magellan arrived in the Philippines, on the island of Samar, on March 16, 1521. On March 30 of the same month, Easter Sunday, the first Mass was celebrated on the island of Limasawa. On April 14, the first baptisms took place in Cebu. On April 27, Magellan died in the battle of Mactan. And, from that day until the return to Sanlúcar de Barrameda, Sebastián Elcano took command of what would be the first circumnavigation of the island. "to all roundness". of the world. These details come down to us, thanks to the chronicler of the expedition, the Venetian Antonio Pigafetta, who was one of the 18 surviving men".

Later would come "the true inauguration of evangelization", with "the arrival, in 1565 from New Spain, of the second Expedition of the Spanish Crown by the will of Philip II, the work of two Basques: Miguel Lopez de Legazpi (born in Zumarraga, Guipuzcoa, the year 1502; died in Manila the year 1572), and the Augustinian friar Andres de Urdaneta (born in Villafranca de Oria, Guipuzcoa, the year 1508 and died in Mexico the year 1568) and his Augustinian companions."

Today, five centuries later, the papal nuncio added, "the Philippines has 86 ecclesiastical circumscriptions with almost 100 million baptized. Between 85 and 87% of the total population is Catholic. The Filipino people practice their faith without complexes. The faith is publicly confessed and manifested through a lively popular religiosity".

For this reason, the Holy Father Francis, in his homily during the Mass of March 14, 2021 in St. Peter's Basilica, was able to say: "Dear brothers and sisters, five hundred years have passed since the Christian proclamation first came to the Philippines. You have received the joy of the Gospel: God loved us so much that he gave his Son for us. And this joy is seen in your people, it can be seen in your eyes, in your faces, in your songs and in your prayers. The joy with which you carry your faith to other lands".

15th and 16th centuries, the age of discoveries

Bishop Auza alluded to the call to "age of discovery", of the 15th and 16th centuries. "At that time, European navigators carried out truly transcendental feats," he said. And he mentioned "the three most spectacular and with the greatest impact on history. The first, the "discovery" of America in 1492 by Christopher Columbus. The second, the "discovery" of the spice route through the eastern passage, the work of the Portuguese Vasco da Gama, who reached Calicut (Kozhikode), in southwest India, in 1498, connecting the West with the East by the sea route.

Bishop Bernardito Auza in Navarra

The third, the "discovery" of the spice route through the western passage, the work of two great sailors: the Portuguese-Seville-born Ferdinand Magellan, who reached the Philippine Islands in 1521, where he died in the battle of Mactan (April 27, 1521) less than two months after the arrival of the expedition in the islands (March 16, 1521), and the Basque Juan Sebastian Elcano, who completed the first circumnavigation, the first round-the-world voyage, passing through the Spice Islands on the way back to Sanlúcar de Barrameda by the eastern route, despite the Portuguese threats for clearly skipping the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494".

"This third great historical event," said Nuncio Auza, "is the one that interests our dissertation now, because it was thanks to this voyage of Magellan and Elcano that the Gospel reached the Philippine Islands. At this point, I still have to specify that while the first baptisms took place in Cebu on April 14, 1521, the death of Magellan in the battle of Mactan (two weeks later, on April 27) caused the immediate departure of the survivors of the Expedition, since then under the command of Sebastian Elcano, in the direction of the islands of the spices, until the return in Sanlucar de Barrameda by the eastern route".

Missionaries, "great heroes of human rights".

At this point, Monsignor Auza went directly to evaluate the evangelizing action from the point of view of human rights and perspective. "In spite of the controversies, errors and abuses during the times of "discoveries" and colonization", he affirmed, "the achievements of those times cannot be denied or disregarded. Spain has to be proud of the prowess of the globalization of the modern era, and of its contribution, through centuries, to the historical formation of the civilization we know today".

Indeed, he stressed, "Magellan's action, and before that of Columbus, with his voyages and explorations, resulted in the generation of new knowledge, identities, values, mixtures of peoples and cultures. We could say that they created a "Hispanic identity" in the New World, in particular with a language and a religion. In Spain, the evangelizing experiences of many missionaries who fought to defend the human rights of the indigenous people raised awareness of this unavoidable aspect of society and coexistence among peoples. In this field it is worth mentioning, for example, the Dominicans Antonio de Montesino in Santo Domingo and Venezuela. Bartolomé de las Casas in Chiapas and Central America. And in Manila, Domingo de Salazar".

"In the context of our times," the Philippine nuncio said, "I have no doubt that these missionaries must be recognized as great heroes of the human rights of indigenous peoples. While the United Nations Declaration on the Human Rights of Indigenous Peoples Indigenous Peoples' Rights was adopted in 2007, only twenty-five years ago, already in 1511, in Santo Domingo, Antonio de Montesino preached denouncing the injustices and violence of the encomenderos towards the indigenous people".

Three Popes in the Philippines

"The three Popes who visited the Philippines - St. Paul VI in 1970, St. John Paul II in 1981 and 1995, and Francis in 2015 - underlined that the Catholic Church has been, through centuries, the leaven and soul of Philippine society," His Holiness' nuncio added at another point in his lecture. "It has "shaped" Philippine culture "by the creativity of faith" and animated it through the Gospel of charity, forgiveness and solidarity in the service of the common good. These are the cultural and spiritual values we have received. These are the same values that we have to share with others. Gifted to give; we must give in return. This is the meaning and value of the commemorative events of the 500th Anniversary of the Evangelization of the Philippine Islands".

Bishop Bernardito Auza concluded by saying that "the Christian faith is the most important inheritance that we Filipinos have received from Spain", and he launched a message: "Evangelization is the task and the responsibility that Mother Church asks of us. As in most parts of the world, Philippine society is now experiencing secularization. That is why the theme of the V Centenary of Evangelization, Gifted to Give, inspired by the Gospel of St. Matthew: "freely ye have received, freely give". (Mt 10:8), has the double objective of new evangelization and of promoting evangelization. ad gentes. We pray for the continuity of that evangelizing work that thousands and thousands of Spanish missionaries brought to the Philippines, so that in our days the Gospel continues to shine on our faces and in our lives, and inspiring the work of peace and charity, we may achieve a universal coexistence that is increasingly more human, more fraternal, more peaceful and more peaceful. Laudato si and more Fratelli tutti".

Thanks to the Spanish missionaries

Shortly before, the Philippine nuncio expressed "deep gratitude for all the missionaries who went from Spain to the Philippines and from the Philippines to the vast Asian world, to China, Japan, Vietnam and all of Indochina. So many died as martyrs in those lands, with the exception of the Philippines (because the Filipinos did not kill any missionaries!)".

Furthermore, he added that he "would like to mention in particular three convents in Spain, that I know of, from where thousands and thousands of missionaries left for the missions in the East: the Augustinian convent in Valladolid (Castilla), from where more than three thousand missionaries left for the East; the Recollect convent in Monteagudo (Navarra), from where more than two thousand missionaries left, many of them were missionaries in the islands of Visayas (Bohol, Cebu, Negros, Palawan etc.), like St. Ezekiel Moreno; and the Royal convent of Santo Tomas, in Avila, of the Dominicans of the missionary Province of Santo Rosario, from where many professors of the University of Santo Tomas, in Avila, came from.), such as St. Ezekiel Moreno; and the Royal Convent of Santo Tomas, in Avila, of the Dominicans of the missionary Province of Santo Rosario, from where many professors of the University of Santo Tomas in Manila and other missionaries in the East came from".

More than 300 Filipino students in Navarra

The dean of the Faculty of Theology of the University of Navarra, Gregorio Guitián, recalled that this day constituted "an opportunity to look with perspective at the evangelization of the Philippines carried out by so many people, moved by love for God and their brothers: 'Today it is a joyful reality that the Philippine Church gives back to many countries what it used to receive and is a powerful missionary force in many countries of the West'".

The dean also noted "the abundant reasons to celebrate the 500th anniversary of the evangelization of the Philippines. There are more than 300 students who have been formed in the ecclesiastical faculties of the University, to which we must add the many others who have studied civil careers. It is our hope that their passage through the University will leave in them a lively desire to serve society and the Church".

"Gregorio Guitián reiterated his gratitude to Bishop Auza, for his presence at the University; to the speakers, Professor Inmaculada Alva and Professor José Alviar; and to the participants, among whom were Archbishop Francisco Pérez, Archbishop of Pamplona, and Bishop Ignacio Barrera, Vice Chancellor of the University," the academic center informed.

Bernardito Auza, at the beginning of his lecture, thanked the University of Navarra and the Dean of the Faculty of Theology "for the organization of this academic conference, dedicated to the 500 years of the Evangelization of the Philippines. I consider it a fair initiative because of what the historical fact represents and also because of the significant presence of Filipino students who, then and now, are doing or have done their training in this prestigious University".

Education

Woke culture in the classroom

Ideological approaches such as animal rights, radical feminism or historical revisionism are finding their way into classrooms through educational laws, the cultural environment and the political struggle of activists.

Javier Segura-January 22, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

The woke culture was one of the topics addressed by Pope Francis in his address to the diplomatic officials accredited to the Holy See on January 10.

In the words of Peter's successor, "a single thought is being elaborated - a dangerous one - forced to deny history or, worse, to rewrite it on the basis of contemporary categories, while every historical situation must be interpreted according to the hermeneutics of the time, not according to the hermeneutics of today".

We all remember the demolition of statues of famous people in our history, such as Fray Junípero Serra or Christopher Columbus. We are witnesses of the revision of history that some social movements want to make, presumably linked to a struggle for social justice of certain groups.

The same pressure scheme is joined by other collectives (LGTBI, radical feminism, pantheist ecology, animalists, etc.) that want to promote and ultimately impose their vision of reality.

But, as the Pope points out, behind this whole movement there is an authentic cultural colonization that advocates a single, politically correct way of thinking that ends up ostracizing anyone who does not think as they do. It is the culture of cancellation. And with it the cancellation of culture.

This cultural movement is also permeating our society. It has a lot of division and social rupture, and repeats the old Adamic revolutionary scheme that everything begins today with us.

The culture of cancellation -throwing statues, persecuting historians, rewriting history- is a form of intransigence and cultural totalitarianism, clearly Marxist in nature. A new version of the class struggle.

These ideological approaches are also reaching our classrooms, through educational laws, the cultural environment and the political struggle of activists.

In the first place, because of the ideological keys that permeate the law, especially everything that refers to gender ideology, although not only. Also in the way in which other subjects are approached, for example, the same subject of History. Indeed, on the one hand, the study of the whole part of the past that has sustained our civilization is very reduced, and it seems that what matters most -the only thing?- is the most immediate History. But, in addition, this is presented with more subjective tints, marked by the current vision and problems, from a hermeneutic of today, as the Pope points out.

In reality, what is really happening is that we want to use education to shape the society of tomorrow. And the foundations are already being laid, as set out in the 2030 agenda, on what the society of the future should be like. Education as a tool for building this new world order is part of the project and one of the objectives of the 2030 agenda itself.

In the face of this culture of cancellation, the best we can offer our young people is a true study of history, with a claim to objectivity, with a healthy perspective, which will allow them to have a true critical thinking. A study that helps our young people to discover our roots as people and as a people.

Perhaps we need to reread the motto that gave birth to the woke movement, which comes from the English expression Stay woke! Stay awake! Maybe it is time for us to wake up and realize what is happening in our society and in our classrooms.

Pope Francis seems to have it clear.

Spain

Rosa AbadWhat the Lord transmits to you cannot be silenced".

The Vatican celebration of the Third Sunday of the Word of God, instituted by Pope Francis on September 30, 2019, will feature several new features this year, including the institution of the first ministers of the Catechesis.

Maria José Atienza-January 22, 2022-Reading time: 3 minutes

"I can only give thanks to God, in capital letters", is how Rosa Abad responds to Omnes. This graduate, librarian by profession and catechist by vocation, will receive, on Word Sunday, the ministry of catechist established through the publication of the Apostolic Letter in the form of Motu Proprio Antiquum Ministeriumon May 10, 2021.

Together with her will be instituted with this ministry two lay people from the Apostolic Vicariate of Yurimaguas (Peru), two faithful from Brazil who are already involved in the formation of catechists, and a woman from Kumasi (Ghana). Also, the President of the Centro Oratori Romani, founded by catechist Arnaldo Canepa and a layman from Łódź. Although they will not be present due to current health restrictions, two other faithful from the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda will also receive this ministry.

Catechesis never ends

"Receiving the Ministry is an immense joy and a great responsibility for me", Rosa Abad emphasizes, "He knows where this new path will lead me. My answer is: Lord, here I am, may Your will be done".

Catechesis today has a central place in the life of the Church. Not in vain, there are thousands of catechists throughout the world who carry out an irreplaceable mission in the transmission and deepening of the faith. As Rosa points out, catechesis is not a task with set times.

"Catechesis is life", Rosa Abad points out, because "the relationship with God never ends, the more you know the more you want to know and the more you still have to learn". "When you let God into your life it is incredible how everything changes without moving anything" she continues, "God never disappoints, just for that reason alone it is worth opening the door and letting ourselves be led by Him".

Rosa Abad has been a catechist for 10 years in the Parish of Cristo de la Victoria in Madrid. Very involved in catechesis, as her pastor, Alfredo Jiménez, points out, she is a member of the Team of Experts of the Catechesis Delegation of the Archbishopric of Madrid, and a member of the Spanish Association of Catechists (AECA), as highlighted in the weekly magazine of the Madrid archdiocese, Alfa & Omega.

"Apostles on mission".  

During the rite, the new catechetical ministers will receive a cross, a reproduction of the pastoral cross used first by St. Paul VI and then by St. John Paul II, as a reminder of the missionary character of the service they are about to administer.

This missionary character of catechesis is key for Abad. "Everything that the Lord transmits to you cannot be silenced, so you have to give it a voice", stresses this laywoman from Madrid, "we have to be apostles in mission".

In the hands of all

With the institution of this ministry of catechist and the opening of the ministries of Lector and Acolyte to women, the Church is focusing on these millions of lay faithful who are the lifeblood of the Church in the world.

In this regard, in fact, the Pontifical Council for Promoting the New Evangelization highlights "the multitude of lay people who have participated directly in spreading the Gospel through catechetical instruction is innumerable. Men and women animated by a great faith and authentic witnesses of holiness who, in some cases, have also been founders of Churches, even to the point of giving their lives".

The lay men and women, like Rosa Abad, who receive these ministries are a sign that "the future of the Church is in the hands of all" as Abad points out, "we are all One and no one should feel excluded, it is our job to make the Church the House of all".

This future planet, for Rosa Abad, has some key challenges: "We have to bring the Word of God without complexes. We have to make the traditional coexist with new technologies without fear. As Pope Francis says 'God is waiting for us in man'. We just have to let him know so that he can fill him with his love".

The Vatican celebration

This year's Word of God Sunday events will be presided over by Pope Francis in St. Peter's Basilica.

The Holy Eucharist will begin at 9:30 a.m. with limited seating capacity due to health regulations in force.

During the celebration, the Holy Father will present to the participants a volume containing a commentary by the Fathers of the Church on chapters 4 and 5 of the Gospel of Luke, "in order to revive the responsibility that believers have in the knowledge of Sacred Scripture and to keep it alive through a work of ongoing transmission and understanding".

Two moments will be particularly significant on this day. For the first time, the ministry of Lector and Acolyte will also be conferred on the laity, and finally, the Holy Father will perform the rite by which the ministry of catechist will be conferred on the lay faithful, women and men, already established through the publication of the Apostolic Letter in the form of Motu Proprio Antiquum Ministerium.

Newsroom

Another year without spiritual exercises for the Roman Curia

Rome Reports-January 21, 2022-Reading time: < 1 minute
rome reports88

As was the case last year, the Roman Curia will not conduct this year's retreat in person. Each one will do so privately between March 6 and 11.

Pope Francis has canceled his public schedule for those days, including the March 9 general audience.

The beatification of Queen Elizabeth

"The elevation to the altars of Queen Isabella the Catholic could be a source of encouragement in the turbulent national panorama. She is one of the most fascinating and unfairly treated characters in history and, according to many, the best queen Spain has ever had. It would be the moment to reconcile ourselves with our most brilliant past, gaining the necessary self-esteem to face the future with optimism. And she could present a good model for the current Princess of Asturias, future Queen Leonor".

January 21, 2022-Reading time: 4 minutes

A piece of news that could have gone unnoticed at the time was the resumption of the cause for the beatification of Isabella the Catholic by the Spanish Episcopal Conference, at the request of Pope Francis. In the last assembly of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America, according to Cardinal Cañizares, the topic of women in the Church was discussed, and it was when Francis encouraged the resumption of a process that had been paralyzed for years.

The process of beatification of Queen Isabella suffered a halt in 1991 (just before the V Centenary of the Discovery of America), citing the expulsion of the Jews from Spain as the main reason.

In October 2018, two symposiums were held in Valladolid and Granada on the figure of the Queen, who together with her husband, Ferdinand the Catholic, played an essential role in the end of the Reconquest and the Discovery of America.

Currently there is a very favorable circumstance and that is the granting of Spanish nationality to the Sephardim by the previous government, since it was a historical injustice that has been repaired.

The Pope's words could be the definitive impetus for a beatification that remains controversial but which could come from the hand of the first American Roman Pontiff in history.

The great French historian Jean Dumont says in his excellent work about our protagonist The Incomparable Isabella the Catholic: "Elizabeth's sanctity has been established, without possible discussion, in the 28 thick volumes of documents gathered by the postulator of her Cause of beatification, Father Anastasio Gutierrez."

The famous queen of the 15th century loved music, poetry and theater and was apparently an exceptional horsewoman. But above all, Isabella loved God and her neighbor. Starting with her own husband, King Ferdinand, whom she married after the sudden death of her first suitor, and continuing with any of her subjects, not excluding the last of them.

About the call "expulsion of the Jews" It has been argued that it was in fact a kind of suspension of permission to stay in Spain, as was done in all European countries, without this representing any insult and much less anti-Semitism on the part of the Queen, contrary to what has been said and written.

On the reconquest of Granada, Isabella and Ferdinand only crowned an enterprise that began in 718 in Covadonga and whose main objective was the defense of the Catholic faith.

The problem of the Inquisition, on the other hand, has generally been focused on "from a false approach"The religious phenomenon of the "inquisition", as denounced by the postulator Anastasio Gutiérrez, without historians having stopped to consider the real reason that set in motion the entire inquisitorial apparatus of the Kingdom of Castile: the religious phenomenon of the "inquisitors". "converts".

Elizabeth was, according to all existing documentary evidence, a prudent and just Queen; a mother who suffered terribly because of the irreparable loss and suffering of her children; a woman who deeply loved her husband; and a daughter of the Church who defended the Catholic faith until her last breath.

The fortitude of a woman who had to face suffering from a very young age is exemplary. The death of her brother when she was only 15 years old, the attempt on the life of her husband Ferdinand of Aragon or the premature death of her heir, Prince John, and her firstborn daughter Isabella, as well as the ordeal she endured with her daughter Joan, were some of the trials she faced during her life.

It is well known that evangelization was the main reason for Queen Elizabeth's support for the trip to America, and thanks to her, 500 million people pray to God in Spanish.

Characterized by her apostolic zeal, in her first meetings with Christopher Columbus, the sovereign was impressed by the possibilities that the project offered for the extension of the Catholic faith.

"Most religious, like a priest devoted to the worship of God, of the Virgin, of the saints... Given to divine things much more than to human things." This is how the person in charge of the Royal Chapel, Lucius Marinius Siculus, described our monarch.

Hers is one of the many direct testimonies of the virtues that, to a heroic degree, Isabella of Castile lived and that the Cause of Beatification reviews: from faith, hope and charity, to humility, fortitude, temperance, justice and prudence.

Spain, which has contributed so much in a positive way to the evolution of universal history, has had many good kings and queens throughout the centuries. Only two have been canonized to date: Saint Hermenegild and Ferdinand III the Saint.

The beatification of Queen Elizabeth would be not only a recognition of her sanctity of life, but also a tribute to the role of our country since its origins in the defense of the Christian faith.

To some this may seem like a thing of the past, but it is not. For too long we have lived with the "black legend" that our enemies have spread, persuading even many Spaniards of it.

Of course, mistakes have been made in the history of Spain, as in the history of any country that has had the historical importance of ours.

But it is also legitimate and healthy for everyone to be aware of the irreplaceable contributions we have made in the course of history. The doctrine of human rights, which originated in the School of Salamanca in the 16th century and which has so much to do with the Christian character of our nation, is not the least of these. And a better knowledge of the personality and work of Queen Isabella could be an excellent stimulus at the present time, as well as a good model for our future Queen Leonor.  

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The World

Report on sexual abuse in Munich diocese tries to implicate Benedict XVI

The report deals with a 75-year period, but in its presentation the focus of interest is on the question of whether the Pope Emeritus knew the past of a particular priest.

José M. García Pelegrín-January 20, 2022-Reading time: 4 minutes

The report on sexual abuse of minors and vulnerable adults by clergy and lay people working in the Munich-Freising archdiocese between 1945 and 2019, prepared by the Munich law firm "Westpfahl, Spilker, Wastl", was presented in Munich on Wednesday. The report, which is more than 1,200 pages long, is signed by five lawyers from the law firm.

In total, it includes accusations against 261 people (205 clerics and 56 lay people), of which the investigation "showed indications of guilt" against 235 people (182 clerics and 53 lay people), with a total of 363 relevant cases. The authors of the report consider that, in 65 cases, the accusations are proven; in 146 they are at least plausible; in 11 cases they refuted them. In 141 cases (38 %) "there is insufficient basis to draw a definitive judgment". The report assumes that there were at least 497 victims, 247 males and 182 females (in 68 cases "it was not possible to determine"); the largest age group is 8 to 14 years old (59 % among males; 32 % among females).

But, more than the cases themselves, what was of particular interest to public opinion was the way in which the hierarchy had acted; being a 75-year period, it concerns six archbishops, all of them cardinals: Michael von Faulhaber (1917-1952), Joseph Wendel (1952-1960), Julius Döpfner (1961-1976), Joseph Ratzinger (1977-1982), Friedrich Wetter (1982-2008) and Reinhard Marx (since 2008).

An article published in the weekly "Die Zeit" accused Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI of having had knowledge of the case of a priest who - after having committed abuse in his diocese of origin, Essen - moved to Munich for psychotherapy treatment. The authors of the report attach such importance to this case, because the Pope emeritus was asked to take a position on it, to which Benedict XVI responded with a letter of 82 pages, that it forms part of a special volume of more than 300 pages. Apart from that case, the report speaks of four others (one of which is, however, ruled out) in which "he is blamed for not having reacted adequately or in accordance with the norms to cases of (alleged) abuse that had come to his attention."

At the press conference at which the law firm presented the report, virtually all the questions revolved around the question of what the then Cardinal Ratzinger knew about the background of this priest (referred to as "X"; this is case 41 of the report). The matter is complex because it involves both the then Vicar General of the diocese, Gerhard Gruber, and the Judicial Vicar at the time, Lorenz Wolf. In 2010 - when the sexual abuses came to light and the same law firm undertook a first investigation - Gerhard Gruber took full responsibility; now he says that "he was forced into it", but without giving further details as to who would have forced him. And the credibility of Lorenz Wolf, on which "Die Zeit" based its accusations, is called into question by the same law firm.

The authors of the report believe they have found proof that Benedict XVI knew about the situation of priest "X" in the minutes of a working session held in the curia of the diocese on January 15, 1980. In his position, the Pope emeritus claims not to remember having been at that meeting; from the fact that the minutes do not expressly state that he was not there, the lawyer infers that this means that he did attend. From this, lawyer Wastl infers that Benedict XVI was informed about the past of "X".

Now, when a journalist asks him if he can be sure that Benedict XVI had that knowledge, the lawyer measures his words: if that is proof, the courts will have to say so; he considers it "highly probable" that he knew. The next journalist asks if he is sure that in that session the matter of the priest in question was discussed: "Well, we start from the assumption," the lawyer answers, "that it is highly probable that this matter was discussed; now, you know the very creative way in which minutes are taken in the Catholic Church". That is to say, he has no proof that the matter was dealt with, and he adds: "I cannot imagine that it was said that a priest from another diocese was coming and nobody asked why. And if it was known that he was under psychiatric treatment, that no one would ask why. Of course, the fact that I can't imagine it doesn't mean that I know the literal tenor of the meeting". Even if that were so: that in 1980 a "psychotherapy" did not immediately arouse suspicion of sexual abuse is something that does not occur to the lawyer either.

In a first, brief statement, Cardinal Reinhard Marx - who is accused of having acted improperly in two cases and also of not having given the necessary importance to the matter, as he only began to deal with it in 2018, ten years after arriving at the See of Munich - has indicated that he is "shocked and ashamed" and that his first thoughts are for those affected by sexual abuse who have experienced suffering by clerics or other representatives of the Church.

Due to the length of the report (almost 1,700 pages in total), Cardinal Marx announced that it would be studied in the bishopric: "I hope to be able to present next Thursday some initial perspectives and outline the way forward". To this end, he called a press conference for January 27.

Faith and family life

To be a family is, above all, to know how to love in the midst of the imperfection of daily life. The "tensions" of living together, and the difficulties and crises through which every family passes, cannot be solved -only- by praying... it is also necessary to provide human means.

January 20, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

Postmodern culture poses important challenges for family life: the growing vision of the human being as independent and self-sufficient; the fragility of affective relationships; or the belief that lasting love is an impossible chimera, have become part of the daily way of life of many families, including those that consider themselves Christian. There are hardly any times of common life, moments of sharing a table, celebrations or care for the sick, the elderly and children are neither foreseen nor valued. Spouses often develop parallel professional and social relationships. Thus, in daily practice, authentic family life together becomes distorted.

No one is immune to this influence. There are, however, Christians who think that, because they are believers, their family should be perfect. That difficulties should hardly affect them. And that family problems, when they inevitably come up against them, are solved by praying. There is no doubt that personal faith and the grace of the sacrament of marriage are important elements in being able to give a Christian family witness. But that does not mean that being a good Christian and praying are enough to guarantee an authentic family life.

In these lines I would like first of all to vindicate what we could call, primacy of the human in family life. We all have the capacity to love and the desire to be loved. To be a family is, above all, to know how to love in the midst of the imperfection of daily life. The normal "tensions" of living together, and the difficulties and crises through which every family passes, cannot be solved -only- by praying... it is also necessary to provide human means.

What can we do? First of all, we need to have enough humility and realism to assume that, although we "know the theory" of what the ideal family "should be", the reality is often far from it. Secondly, it is necessary to know how to ask for help and to allow oneself to be helped by those who can provide it. Family support - the support of people who love us and whom we trust - is of paramount importance today. Experience shows that the main reasons why many families break up today are not really irreparable. On many occasions it is a matter of learning to understand the dynamics of growth and maturation of love, with its moments of tranquility and difficulty, in order to understand the difficulty in a positive way, and to be able to initiate a change of attitude.

Moreover, those who have a living faith will have the invaluable help of grace and the Christian virtues (humility, charity, patience, understanding, etc.), which are key to the good development of family life. And they are also an invaluable help in moments of difficulty, to understand one's own and others' frailties, and to know how to forgive from the heart.

The authorMontserrat Gas Aixendri

Professor at the Faculty of Law of the International University of Catalonia and director of the Institute for Advanced Family Studies. She directs the Chair on Intergenerational Solidarity in the Family (IsFamily Santander Chair) and the Childcare and Family Policies Chair of the Joaquim Molins Figueras Foundation. She is also Vice-Dean of the Faculty of Law at UIC Barcelona.

ColumnistsKlaus Küng

Christian unity: an intention that concerns us all

Today, the plea for Christian unity takes on special notes, and at the same time connects it with Pope Francis, who calls to act "in going out".

January 20, 2022-Reading time: 5 minutes

The Week of Prayer for Christian Unity reminds me of a meeting on a train many years ago. At that time I was still a young priest, and I wanted to take advantage of the trip to prepare a sermon, pray and read. I had found a quiet seat across from a serious-looking gentleman and, after a brief greeting, I was immediately engrossed in my reading. But when the conductor arrived, the person in front of me took advantage of the interruption to address me, "Are you a Catholic priest?" he asked me, and, at my affirmative answer, he said, "I am a Protestant pastor." He wanted to know where I worked, and I answered that I was a priest of Opus Dei, and when he asked again I tried to explain Opus Dei to him in a few words, as an institution of the Catholic Church to which mainly lay people belong who strive to follow Christ in the midst of the world. His reaction surprised me. He said, "That sounds Protestant to me." Christians living in the world had been Luther's great concern, he told me.

We got to talking. He told me about his work. He said it was hard work, because only a few of them really lived their faith. That their bishop regularly reminded them to keep God's commandments. Without that, praying doesn't do much good, to which I replied, "That sounds Catholic to me." We understood each other well. We then went on to talk about the religious situation in Austria and agreed that in our time a resolute Christianity was necessary. Anything else could not be sustained in the long run.

Many years have passed since then. In Central Europe - as in other prosperous Christian countries around the world - difficult processes are taking place for the Church: a decline in vocations, a crisis in the family, stagnation in youth ministry, allegations of abuse and a growing number of people leaving the Church. Everyone is affected. It is particularly noticeable in the large ecclesiastical institutions, in the Protestant communities and also in the Catholic Church. The process, which was already recognizable 40 years ago, has advanced dramatically and accelerated. It is related to the rapid change in living conditions, but not only to that cause.

People are often absorbed by work, and also by the various influences, goals and ways of life of a largely secularized world. Many lose sight of God, and with Him, for the most part, also of something that belongs to the foundation of the Christian attitude towards life and the Christian way of shaping it. It is not only the number of participants in liturgical celebrations that is decreasing. In many, the practice of the faith is fading, and the integration of children into the life of the Church is no longer achieved, even though they are generally still baptized, receive religious instruction and are preparing for First Communion and Confirmation. The number of believers is decreasing, as is the number of Christian families, the teaching of religion is becoming more and more difficult, if it still takes place at all. Public life is changing, and so is legislation and many other things, including education. Thus, the process of secularization is affecting more and more people. At first it was mostly noticeable in urban areas, but now rural areas are almost equally affected. Even the loneliest farmhouse can receive news and influences from all over the world.

Do we have to stand idly by and simply accept these developments? For decades now, even within the Catholic Church, there have been different approaches to solutions, debates and even tensions, even to the point of running the risk of division. In this context, references to other Christian denominations cannot be overlooked.

Some reform attempts in recent decades are similar to those of liberal Protestantism. Adaptations to today's ideas are required. Some questions of doctrine and ethics, especially sexual morality, are being considered. The priestly ministry should be opened to married people and women, it is said, when its necessity is not questioned. The hierarchical ministry is considered to be in need of reform. The goal is, so to speak, a modern Christianity. The abuse crisis serves as justification and as a means of pressure. Pope Francis has taken a clear position with regard to the synodal process in Germany, where these positions find massive support, and has encouraged the launching of an authentic new evangelization.

But there are other approaches as well. Some churches are filling up again. There are also convents with vocations, and communities that are growing. The importance of prayer is being rediscovered, and especially Eucharistic adoration has spread again in recent years. The reception of the sacrament of Penance, which in recent decades had almost completely disappeared in some places and regions, is being cared for in some churches and monasteries, and is considered a great help. New ways of communicating the faith are being sought. It is increasingly realized that in the preparation for First Communion and Confirmation the parents are as important as the children, or almost more important than they are.

In all this panorama, it is interesting to note that quite a few initiatives and impulses come from other confessions. Alpha courses, born in the Anglican Church, find their place in the Catholic Church with certain adaptations. The same is true of the effort to promote discipleship, which is particularly pronounced among evangelical Christians. The "prayer of the heart," from the Orthodox tradition, is a valuable encouragement for many. In the formation of Christian families as "house churches", evangelical practices serve as an incentive. Not to be forgotten are the impulses that have come from the Pentecostal movement, initially predominantly Protestant, or from the Taizé youth festivals. Mention should also be made of the pro-life and pro-family movements or the fight against pornography in the United States.

When one looks at these contexts, the plea for Christian unity takes on special notes, and at the same time connects it with Pope Francis, who calls to act "on the way out". This has been his great concern from the beginning. It is already found in his first encyclical Evangelii Gaudium. They were the themes he addressed in his pre-conclave speeches. And this is possibly also the hope that has led him to invite the world to a synodal process, despite all the risks that this may entail. At bottom, it is probably a matter of pursuing the central goal of Vatican II: that all the baptized and confirmed should have the desire to carry Christ in their hearts, and to bring him to others. Prayer for one another, and dialogue with one another, are of great urgency and signify great hope!

The authorKlaus Küng

Bishop emeritus of Sankt Pölten, Austria.

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The Vatican

"It does us good to look at ourselves in Joseph's fatherhood and allow the Lord to love us with his tenderness."

In his general audience catechesis this Wednesday, Pope Francis reflected on the tenderness of St. Joseph, encouraging us to experience it in God's love and to be witnesses to it.

David Fernández Alonso-January 19, 2022-Reading time: 4 minutes

At the audience on Wednesday, January 19, Pope Francis wanted to "deepen the figure of St. Joseph as a father in tenderness".

He recalled that "in the Apostolic Letter Patris corde (December 8, 2020) I was able to reflect on this aspect of St. Joseph's personality. In fact, even if the Gospels do not give us particulars about how he exercised his fatherhood, we can be sure that his being a "just" man translated also into the education given to Jesus. "Joseph saw Jesus progress day by day "in wisdom, in stature, and in favor with God and man" (Lc 2,52). As the Lord did with Israel, so he 'taught him to walk, and took him in his arms: he was to him as a father who lifts up a child to his cheeks, and stoops down to feed him' (cf. Os 11,3-4)" (Patris corde, 2)".

"The Gospels," the Holy Father continued, "testify that Jesus always used the word 'father' to speak of God and his love. Many parables have as their protagonist the figure of a father. [1] Among the most famous is certainly that of the merciful Father, recounted by the Evangelist Luke (cfr. Lc 15,11-32). Precisely in this parable, in addition to the experience of sin and forgiveness, the way in which forgiveness reaches the person who has made a mistake is also emphasized. The text reads: 'While he was still a long way off, his father saw him and, moved, ran and threw himself on his neck and kissed him effusively' (v. 20). The son was expecting a punishment, a justice that at the most could have given him the place of one of the servants, but he finds himself enveloped by the father's embrace. Tenderness is something greater than the logic of the world. It is an unexpected way of doing justice. That is why we must never forget that God is not frightened by our sins, by our mistakes, by our falls, but that he is frightened by the closure of our hearts, by our lack of faith in his love. There is great tenderness in the experience of God's love. And it is beautiful to think that the first one to transmit this reality to Jesus was precisely Joseph. In fact, the things of God always reach us through the mediation of human experiences".

The Pope then encouraged us to "ask ourselves whether we ourselves have experienced this tenderness, and whether we in turn have become witnesses to it. In fact, tenderness is not first of all an emotional or sentimental question: it is the experience of feeling loved and welcomed precisely in our poverty and misery, and therefore transformed by God's love".

"God does not trust only in our talents," Francis affirmed, "but also in our redeemed weakness. This, for example, leads St. Paul to say that there is also a project on his frailty. Thus, in fact, he writes to the community of Corinth: 'Lest I should be puffed up with the sublimity of these revelations, a sting was given to my flesh, an angel of Satan buffeting me [...]. For this reason three times I begged the Lord to depart from me. But he said to me, "My grace is sufficient for you, for my strength is shown perfect in weakness"' (2 Cor 12,7-9). The experience of tenderness consists in seeing the power of God pass precisely through that which makes us most fragile; provided that we are converted from the gaze of the Evil One who "makes us look at our fragility with a negative judgment", while the Holy Spirit "brings it to light with tenderness" (Patris corde, 2). Tenderness is the best way to touch what is fragile in us. [For this reason it is important to encounter God's mercy, especially in the sacrament of Reconciliation, by having an experience of truth and tenderness. Paradoxically, even the Evil One can tell us the truth, but, if he does, it is to condemn us. We know, however, that the Truth which comes from God does not condemn us, but welcomes us, embraces us, sustains us, forgives us' (Patris corde, 2)".

Already at the end of the catechesis, the Pope assured that "it does us good then to look at ourselves in the fatherhood of Joseph and ask ourselves if we allow the Lord to love us with his tenderness, transforming each one of us into men and women capable of loving in this way. Without this "revolution of tenderness" we run the risk of remaining imprisoned in a justice that does not allow us to rise up easily and that confuses redemption with punishment. For this reason, today I want to remember in a special way our brothers and sisters who are in prison. It is right that those who have made a mistake should pay for their error, but it is equally right that those who have made a mistake should be able to redeem themselves for their own error".

In conclusion, the Pontiff prayed the following prayer to St. Joseph:

"St. Joseph, father in tenderness,
teach us to accept to be loved precisely in what is weakest in us.
Make sure that we do not put any impediment
between our poverty and the greatness of God's love.
It arouses in us the desire to approach the Sacrament of Reconciliation,
to be forgiven and also to be able to love with tenderness
our brothers and sisters in their poverty.
Be close to those who have made a mistake and for this they pay a price;
help them to find, together with justice, also the tenderness to be able to start again. And teach them that the first way to begin again
is to sincerely ask for forgiveness.
Amen.

Spain

Listening is the key to CONFER's work.

Lourdes Perramón is the new Vice-President of CONFER. This Oblate of the Most Holy Redeemer, who is part of the governing bodies of this institution for the first time, reflects on her role and the challenges she faces in this new stage.

Maria José Atienza-January 19, 2022-Reading time: 3 minutes

The vice-presidency that has been entrusted to me I assume it, above all, from the availability and commitment to what CONFER means and wants to be: that space of encounter, support, communion and collective construction. 

For many years CONFER has been a support, mediation and reference for me in my personal journey as a religious and more recently in my congregational service as Superior General. Now I have the opportunity to give back something of what I have received and I want to do it generously, within the possibilities of combining it with my congregational responsibility. 

Shared responsibility

I am fortunate to join a team that has already been working and this enriches me and offers me security. At the same time, it gives me confidence because it is a shared responsibility and a learning experience, since it is a task that is nourished by a rich group of people, both at the national headquarters and in the different regional and diocesan CONFERs and, of course, in the whole of consecrated life. 

In general, we start from a positive reception to the proposals launched by CONFER, but perhaps the great challenge is that it does not remain something unidirectional. We are living a moment of renewal expressed, among others, in the project for the strengthening and viability of CONFER at the service of the religious Congregations in Spain, which was recently presented and approved in the Assembly. 

It is a project that wants to respond to the challenges of religious life, gathered in a diagnosis that was elaborated based on the contributions of many congregations. It is precisely in listening to reality that the essential key to the success of this work of support lies, adapting the different services that CONFER offers to the changing needs of the present time. 

An important role in the project should be to support the congregations with more difficulties, but also to promote synergies, exchanges or joint actions among congregations. Only from there will it be possible to renew, with creativity and audacity, the essence of our consecrated life and the service we are called to provide in the Church and society, with special attention to those who live in situations of greater vulnerability.

The female face 

Female religious life has been and continues to be a majority over male religious life, not only in absolute numbers but also in the regular participation in the activities organized by CONFER. 

We can say that CONFER has a feminine face that permeates daily life in its reflections, priorities and actions. We have just lived a relevant fact in the external visibility of this reality, as it has been the first female presidency of CONFER, since more than 25 years ago when the male and female conferences were united. However, I consider that there is no room for conformism in this matter. We must assume the commitment, together with the lay women, so that the Church as a whole does not lose our look, sensitivity, knowledge... and be attentive to participate and share the spaces of ecclesial decision. 

A great opportunity

Before the Synod that the whole universal Church is living, religious life starts "with a certain advantage". Life in community, the sharing of all that we are and have in a fruitful communication of goods, the spaces of discernment and decision-making, the collegiality, the paths in shared mission with the laity, the networking with so many entities and the experiences of intercongregationality.... 

The Synod is a great opportunity and responsibility at the same time, so that from our own experience and in mutual listening with the local communities in the diocesan Church, we are able to make proposals that help to make more real, more incarnated the model of Church, people of God that the Second Vatican Council itself already dreamed of. A Church in mission, that accompanies in solidarity with minorities and the most impoverished without judgment or exclusion.

The vocational challenge 

The decline of vocations to the consecrated life is evident but, sometimes, the question is focused on what happens to the youth who do not understand or accept this vocational proposal. Perhaps we need to ask ourselves if we have been able to show in new languages and forms, the mystical and prophetic essence of consecrated life. 

And finally, and perhaps most importantly, to recognize that there must be something of God in this reality and that behind the numbers there is still a very evangelical call.

Spain

Jesús Díaz Sariego, OPThe vocational shortage can be an opportunity to take up the Gospel ".

Jesús Díaz Sariego, president of CONFER, shares with Omnes his vision of religious life, the guidelines for the future and his concern for the shortage of vocations.

Maria José Atienza-January 19, 2022-Reading time: 9 minutes

Jesús Díaz Sariego, Provincial Superior of the Province of Hispania of the Order of Preachers, is, since last November, president of CONFER. This organism of pontifical right brings together Religious Institutes and Societies of Apostolic Life and also includes some male and female monasteries.

-A few weeks ago you assumed the presidency of CONFER, although you have been part of the management team since 2017. What weight does CONFER have within the different congregations, which are already autonomous in themselves?

Enrollment in CONFER is free. It is a decision made by each congregation. This freedom of membership is very appropriate. As you say, each congregation is autonomous according to its charism and mission in the Church. That autonomy is the richness of CONFER. Each charismatic family is a great contribution to the whole. Its weight should be precisely here, and not so much in the number of religious men and women. Neither in the ecclesial and social implantation with more or less visibility and influence. The Spanish Conference of Religious would like to pamper and care for each of its members for their charismatic strength, a gift of the Spirit in the Church. 

-Is there unity among the different members of CONFER? 

In the most important matters there is communion and unity. Even more. In those matters that could separate us, I perceive a meeting in the fundamentals. In dialogue and in common concerns we end up meeting in what constitutes us as followers of Jesus. There is a common vocation, which summons us in this following. We have a common language in which we understand each other. We even know how to express the differences of styles and approaches. Being in communion does not mean that we are all the same, because we represent many charisms. None is indispensable, but all are necessary. 

Moreover, in this historical moment in which we find ourselves, we are developing even more the value of each religious family from itself and from the whole. It is a very interesting moment and a discernment that is leading us to greater communion and synodality among us. The relationship and communication between charisms is a sign of our times that we must explore even more. The path of intercongregationality is a bet, among others, of CONFER for the coming years.

-There is an evident decline in vocations, especially to the priesthood and consecrated life. How is this challenge being taken up in CONFER? Is it the same in all congregations or institutes? 

The decline of vocations to the consecrated life and to the priesthood in Spain is a reality that is imposed on us. We must accept it and understand it also from God. Not only from our cultural moment, but also from our cultural moment. I have to say, at the same time, that the situation that is happening in our country, with respect to the decrease of vocations, is not the same as in other countries and in other cultural realities in the different continents.

In Spain, in the fifties of the last century, we have lived through a vocational boom that has led us to be very present in the Spanish society, by the number of religious and by the numerous presences and works that they generated. Many had a missionary spirit beyond our borders. In this sense, the contribution of religious life for decades was magnificent and not always properly recognized. 

Now we are in a different moment. Not only because Spanish society has changed, and changed a lot, but also because the Church has changed. We ourselves, as consecrated men and women, are becoming different. We should stop to think if the society of our days requires the same number of religious or rather, it needs another type of yeast to leaven the bread. I am more and more convinced of this. 

The secularized world in which we find ourselves needs for its leaven a less numerous leaven, although also very qualified from the evangelical point of view, as have been the religious men and women who have preceded us. It is as if the Gospel stories that refer to the description of what the Kingdom is, which we have heard so many times, had in our present time a message that is especially appropriate for understanding and living our moment.

I invite - I invite myself - to think about the scarcity of vocations more from God than from ourselves. Surely it is telling us something. At least it raises these and other questions: What religious life does God want for the future? In what Church? In what world? The religious vocation, we usually say, is God's, even if it requires our one hundred percent collaboration. But it is God's... Let us try this new way of looking at it. 

I would like CONFER to explore this new way of dealing with the decline in vocations. Scarcity can also be a sign of the times, a sign of the Spirit who wants to tell us something. 

I can affirm, on the other hand, that the decline in vocations is common to all the religious families registered in CONFER. We must not forget that all of them come from long ago. Some of them are hundreds of years old. In them there is enough serenity, provided by the experience of time, to sit down before God and pray with Him the questions: "Lord, what do you want from us today and how can we give value to scarcity?". Won't scarcity be a new opportunity to take up the Gospel again and turn our lives more and better to God for a better service to what our world claims from us? It is a question that takes me hours of rehearsal looking for answers.

-In this sense, how do you experience the birth of new forms of religious life, often from previous charisms? 

The birth of a new charism in the Church is always a blessing from God and, therefore, good news. It shows vitality and dynamism. God, in a certain sense, is leading us. 

On the other hand, each charism is a creative way of reading the Word of God in relation to each era. 

The following of Jesus does not need many justifications. There are multiple ways of following him. The Lord's will is that we follow him out of love and the expression of that love is plural, giving rise to many forms of religious life.

The men and women of our time also want to follow the Lord by expressing their will to love him and to perceive, at the same time, his love for them. It should not surprise us that new forms of religious life are emerging. As long as love for God is a reality in human beings and in the members of the Church, new charisms will emerge that express it.

The Church in communion will know how to discern each of them and will do so, as she knows how, always taking care to avoid eccentricities or responses that are not entirely in accord with Sacred Scripture read as a whole and with the tradition of the Church. We must not forget that the project of Jesus is always a fraternal, communitarian project. Of integration and communion. If something viscerally harms the whole, I allow myself to doubt its authenticity. God's project is always integrating, it makes us more human and brings us closer to his plan. This is none other than his self-giving love.

No religious family exhausts in itself the charism it once received. The charisms themselves, their deepening and actualization, are dynamic, because of the creativity they contain within themselves.   

-In his first speech as president of CONFER he spoke of the need for "creativity"....

Creativity, properly understood, refers rather to our capacity to change (to change the way we think and act). conversion(we would say in evangelical terms). It must be a spiritual process and must spring from intimate prayer with the Lord and deep dialogue with those around you. 

Creativity, above all, is observation and trust. Observation of reality and of the needs of others. But also trust in the word of God, which we have also to seeto capture in every detail. 

The Gospel is full of creativity. It is an outpouring of imagination when it comes to capturing the details of Jesus in his way of relating to people, in his way of shaping his discourses, in his way of acting and observing reality, in the spirituality that oozes from his contact with the Father, etc. This is the creativity of religious life. It must be born from an attentive reading of the Word of God and from a careful listening to the world before us. To put in relation both looks requires to look for novel forms at the moment of responding to our challenges and problems. This is also true when it comes to bringing the Gospel to our contemporaries.

The expression of God is always creative because it requires intelligence and a good heart. Intelligence puts things in order, dissects them, and delves into their reality. 

The heart, in turn, provides passion and affection. It allows personal identification with the program or idea. Intelligence and heart must achieve the necessary balance, understand each other and complement each other. 

-How can the various religious families take up this challenge in today's life without getting carried away in ways that are outlandish or far removed from their charism?

I would say that it is a practice, first and foremost a spiritual one. An exercise of new reading of the times that come from God and not so much from ourselves. Inherent in every charism is creativity. 

Our founders did not improvise the charism that inspired them to channel their prophetic force. The prophet is always a figure, in Sacred Scripture, groundbreaking, full of creativity, dreamer and inspirer of new paths, but in contrast with God and with reality.

The prophet is first and foremost a contemplative, prayerful man or woman, a seeker in the reality of God's footprints. The true prophet in the Bible is the one who, inspired by the Spirit, is able to discern the voice of God in the historical circumstances before his eyes. This discernment is a process. Slow at times, at rest and ruminated inwardly. This is what our founders teach us. 

The different religious families put into practice and assume the challenge of creativity from the prophetic strength that nestles in each charism, especially when God is allowed to act in human mediations. 

-Have you been able to define the guidelines for the coming years for Spanish religious life? 

After carrying out a diagnosis of the main challenges facing communities of religious life today, in which a very important representation of religious men and women from all over Spain participated, we have initiated a global plan for the strengthening and viability of CONFER.

A plan that will allow us to make the necessary updates that CONFER needs in order to better serve religious life in Spain in the coming years. All of this is based on the rapid changes that we are experiencing within our congregations. But also to the changing reality of Spanish society. We have to continue strengthening CONFER as a common home, a space of reference to continue bringing together and promoting the common values of religious life.

The inter-congregational journey, shared reflection and mission, our presence in public life, the strengthening and development of the diocesan and regional CONFERs, communication and presence in social networks, are action plans that we want to promote in the coming years.

In addition to the above, there is the concern for our ongoing formation, according to the demands of the cultural and social moment in which we are; the financial sustainability of the projects and works; the attention -their care- to the religious men and women according to the vital moment in which they find themselves. Also the support to the weaker congregations; the search for new forms of work, generating dynamisms of team work are, among others, new challenges that we want to consider at this moment. 

-Pope Francis does not hide his concern and also his encouragement for religious life. Is this support an incentive for you? 

Indeed. Pope Francis is a blessing for religious life. His reflections and suggestions are very motivating for us in this historical moment. Moreover, as a religious, we know that he does so from within; that is, from his own inner experience. This is especially valuable and credible for us. We notice it when he addresses himself especially to us. He is clear and direct in his message. But he is also passionate in what he says. He shows belief in what he tells us. This is a value that communicates and convinces and an impulse that stimulates and encourages us. 

-What is your role in diocesan life?

Religious life, through the different communities, has been and continues to be very present in the life of the dioceses. These have been enriched by the contribution of the different congregations and their charisms. In recent years there has been a greater synergy, as we like to say nowadays, between the congregations and the local pastors. This is undoubtedly a path of synodality on which we must travel.

Many religious men and women assume, in turn, important diocesan positions in the ecclesial dynamism of the local Church. 

We must not forget that religious life brings to the universal Church and, therefore, to the local Church not only its doing, but above all, its being. Benedict XVI reminds us of this in his exhortation Sacramentum caritatis when he says that the essential contribution that the Church expects from consecrated life is more in the order of being than in the order of doing. When this happens, we consecrated persons become objectively, beyond concrete persons, a reference and anticipation of the journey towards God that every baptized person has undertaken.

From this perspective, our role in diocesan life is not reduced solely and exclusively to pastoral collaboration or to a more or less active participation in the ecclesial life of the diocese. Consecrated life, with its presence, represents a sign of the Kingdom more profoundly and in accordance with the plan of salvation that God has drawn up for all....

It is good and necessary that some baptized men and women, in the life commitment they have acquired, remember in their way of living and being, that dynamism of the Spirit that brings us all closer to the God who sustains and saves us. 

-How is religious life in Spain living the synodal process?

Religious life has a lot of experience, for obvious reasons, in its lifestyle and in its way of organizing and functioning, of synodality. Our community life and common participation in the most important decisions of each community and each congregation have educated us in a way of participating and being co-responsible. In this sense I can say that we are a help that springs from our own experience.

Pope Francis often reminds us of this: "Consecrated life is an expert in communion; it promotes fraternity as its own style of life".. The universal Church has opened the path of synodality on the occasion of the next Synod. I believe that it responds to an important and necessary ecclesial moment. For this reason it has set us all to work in the same direction. 

Many religious men and women in their parishes and dioceses have already begun to work, together with the whole People of God, in the synodal process of this first phase: the listening phase. I am aware of their interest and participation. 

From CONFER, we assume this work and ecclesial project with responsibility. Also with the open spirit of collaborating with the dioceses and with the other ecclesial and social sectors in the processes of mutual listening and common discernment.

We will contribute what we try to live every day, as well as our experience, our searches, our questions and our attempts to answer them. We thank you for counting on us in this ecclesial process in which we are all involved.

Sunday Readings

"The word of God in our life". Third Sunday in Ordinary Time

Andrea Mardegan comments on the readings for the Third Sunday in Ordinary Time and Luis Herrera offers a short video homily. 

Andrea Mardegan / Luis Herrera-January 19, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

Commentary on the Sunday readings III

Luke, a man of refined Greek culture, opens his Gospel with a prologue as in the classical works of antiquity. He does not call it a "gospel" but a "story" and "neat handwriting", the result of a "diligent investigation"about the "facts that have been fulfilled among us". It says "between us"He writes from a place far away from the Holy Land and does so after several years, so he is not an eyewitness. This suggests to all readers throughout history that the events of the Incarnation and the Redemption were indeed fulfilled".between us". It is directed by means of a captatio benevolentiae towards the "illustrious Theophilus", "friend of God". He apologizes for having joined the ranks of the "many"He is aware that his research has been accurate and he will expose the facts with "order"giving each event a place full of theological transcendence. Those of us who wish to be part of the illustrious group of God's friends to whom Luke writes, allow ourselves to be persuaded to read his gospel in its entirety, throughout this year, with appropriate commentaries.

Of Jesus' first steps in his public life, Luke highlights the presence of the Spirit who conceived him in his mother's womb and enveloped him in his infancy, descended upon him at his baptism and led him into the desert. Now, it accompanies him with its power in his return to Galilee and in his preaching in the synagogues. And He provokes in those who meet Him, as already in His infancy, the prayer of praise, which in Luke always refers to God. The scene in the synagogue of Nazareth has details proper to a source present at the event, perhaps his mother? Luke points out that Jesus goes to Nazareth, "where he had grown up"Thus referring to where he had grown up, noted in Lk 2:40 and 2:52. 

By saying that "entered the synagogue, as was his custom on the Sabbath."The narrative is a visual description: we see him stand up to read, receive the scroll, unroll it, find the passage he is interested in quoting. The narrative is a visual description: we see him stand up to read, receive the scroll, unroll it, find the passage he is interested in quoting. As he reads the passage from Isaiah he stops at "enact the year of the Lord's favor" and omits the following verse: "A day of vengeance from our God". He keeps the humor and omits the revenge. We continue to watch him as he rolls up the book, returns it to the minister and sits down. We realize that in the synagogue all eyes are riveted on him. Then "began to tell them": weighing the words, looking the listeners in the eyes he tells them, literally, that on that day the scripture was fulfilled ".in your ears". If we listen to his word, we allow God to bring it to fulfillment in our lives.

The homily on the readings of Sunday III

The priest Luis Herrera Campo offers its nanomiliaa small one-minute reflection for these readings.

The authorAndrea Mardegan / Luis Herrera

Spain

Pandemic raises to 11 million people at risk of social exclusion in Spain

The socio-economic crisis caused by the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic has added 2.5 million more people to the risk of social exclusion in Spain. The crisis is hitting women, young people and migrants the hardest.

Maria José Atienza-January 18, 2022-Reading time: 6 minutes

Natalia PeiroGeneral Secretary of Cáritas Española and Executive Director of FOESSA, and Raul FloresThe coordinator of the Caritas Research Team and technical secretary of FOESSA, presented "Evolution of social cohesion and consequences of covid-19 in Spain", a very extensive and documented study on the crisis caused by the pandemic.

The research -carried out by a team of more than 30 researchers from more than ten universities and social research entities- was coordinated by professors Luis Ayala Cañón, Miguel Laparra Navarro and Gregorio Rodríguez Cabrero.

As Natalia Peiro pointed out, the pandemic "has further deepened the inequality gap that has been dragging on since the 2008 crisis, leading more than 6 million people to a situation of severe risk of exclusion in Spain. The great victims of Covid-19 are precisely the most fragile and disadvantaged individuals and families, who have not been reached by the public responses of the so-called social shield". In this regard, the report reveals that the difference between the population with the highest and lowest incomes has increased by more than 25 percent, a figure higher than the increase during the 2008 crisis.

In 2020, Caritas served 1.5 million people, 366,000 more than in 2019.

Peiro stressed that the presentation of this report shows that we have spent "decades generating, sustaining and naturalizing the suffering of situations of poverty and social exclusion that are a daily reality for millions of people and families. A social and economic structure that generates inequality, where it is almost impossible for those who have been left out to re-enter".

Likewise, the general secretary of Caritas Spain highlighted the accuracy of this study, which has a minimum margin of error and is carried out "from the eyes of those affected" in order to know the reality to be able to address it with effective measures.

Labor precariousness

Raúl Flores, coordinator of the Caritas Research Team and technical secretary of FOESSA, has been in charge of showing the main results of this study of more than 700 pages.

As Flores wanted to highlight, one of the main consequences of this crisis has been the increase in job insecurity, which has doubled in this time, reaching almost 2 million households in which all members of working age are unemployed. 

In line with the chronification of the situation of vulnerability pointed out by Natalia Peiro, Raúl Flores pointed out how, in this area, the most affected have been those who were already in a situation of precarious employment, with temporary or part-time contracts and who have not been able to take advantage of the companies' ERTEs.

The new social exclusion gaps

The report speaks of a new factor of social exclusion that has highlighted this pandemic: digital disconnection. That is, the lack of internet access in 1.8 million households, which is an added factor of difficulty for more than 800,000 families who have lost opportunities to improve their situation due to digital issues such as lack of connection, lack of computing devices or digital skills.

Women suffer, in a special way the consequences of the crisis.Social exclusion in households headed by women has gone from 18% in 2018 to 26% in 2021, an increase that multiplies by 2.5 the one registered during the same period in the case of men (who went from 15% to 18%). In this sense, Raul Flores wanted to highlight that "gender differences have remained absent from the political and media debate in these months, something that refers to structural issues and that it is important to take into account in order to design effective public policies".

Young people, in the tightrope... again

Being young is another factor of exclusion that the pandemic has brought to light. Raúl Flores himself has pointed out that in the case of young people "they have experienced two major crises in an essential phase of their life projects in which the transition to employment, to adult life, emancipation or the construction of new homes is being considered: those who were 18 years old in 2008 have been hit by the 2020 crisis at the age of 30". This means that, in 2021 more than 650,000 people between 16 and 34 will join the situation of exclusion, most of them in a situation of severe exclusion which means 500 thousand young people more compared to 2018.

The migrant population has been another of the groups particularly affected by the pandemic. The study shows how the immigrant population has suffered an incidence rate of Covid-19 almost 3 percentage points higher than among the population of Spanish origin. As Flores points out, "the causes are obvious: worse living conditions, less well ventilated housing and more overcrowding; as well as fewer resources to adopt preventive measures both at home and in the workplace".

Beyond income and work: personal relationships

Another area affected by the pandemic has been personal and family relationships. More than three out of ten families consider that the pandemic has had a considerable or great impact on the deterioration of their social relationships and the percentage of people who have helped or help other people has decreased significantly, and, to a lesser extent, also the percentage of people who have had or have someone who can help them. This weakening of external links to the household continues to be more pronounced in households in severe exclusion and in single-parent households headed by women.

Challenges and proposals

The Covid-19 crisis is leaving a deep imprint that impinges on the burdens of the Great Recession of 2008-2013 that were not fully resolved in the following recovery period.

In view of this situation, the Foessa report and Caritas Española consider it necessary to improve the social protection system in the future with the following proposals:

1. Maintain in a stable manner for the future the provisional measures taken in the case of health, housing or social protection with the necessary adaptations to periods of economic stability. The challenge for the social protection system is to prevent these new situations of vulnerability and intensification of severe exclusion from becoming chronic.

2. Improve the coverage of the Minimum Vital Income, since it represents a significant social advance to correct the imbalance between the social protection of the stable working population and that which is precarious or in a situation of social exclusion. Of the 850,000 beneficiary households initially planned, as of September 2021, only 315,913 households, 37% of those initially planned. An average of 2 beneficiaries for every 10 people living in severe poverty in Spain.

3. Re-launch the welfare state model as a whole, with a clear orientation towards access to rights as a channel for social inclusion and the "rescue" of the most excluded sectors.

4. Implement measures to reduce hyper-flexibility, improving the social organization of working time also in jobs in excluded sectors, unskilled, temporary and precarious jobs - the so-called "essential" sectors of cleaning, hospitality and agricultural work among others -, and to put an end to situations of irregularity.

5. Low wages should also be complemented by other redistributive measures, in the form of employment incentives, either in the form of supplementary benefits for low-wage workers or as refundable tax deductions.

6. Among the pending challenges, there is also the challenge of guaranteeing a quality public health system and a change of strategy and paradigm in the area of care for people in a situation of dependency and in need of care.

7. Implement policies against residential exclusion, as the percentage of households residing in unhealthy housing (up to 7.2% in 2021) or overcrowded (up to 4% in 2021) has doubled since 2018. In addition, COVID-19 has worsened or strained most housing access and maintenance indicators. The number of households, from 1.1 million to more than 2 million, that were in arrears or did not have enough money to pay for housing-related expenses, such as rent or mortgage payments, nearly doubled from 1.1 million to more than 2 million.

8. Overcome the educational gap caused by the digital blackout. Public policies should provide the necessary means for all people to overcome the digital divide. On average, in 2020, 15% of households with children under 15 indicate that their qualifications are worse than in 2019. A percentage that increases considerably in the most vulnerable households: 31% of households in which Roma minority children and adolescents (NNA) live and 25% of households in the lowest income quartile.

9. Moving towards social services adapted to the social realities of the 21st century. Given the enormous global challenges facing social policies, such as, among others, the aging of the population, the fight against social exclusion, the protection of vulnerable minors and the integration of the immigrant population, we need social services adapted to the new social realities.

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Evangelization

Fray Abel de Jesús, the Carmelite who explains theology on Youtube

The fundamental points of the Fratelli Tutti, an explanation of Advent, Christianity in Star Wars or a funny list of things that we often do not do well at Mass, are some of the videos that you can find in the channel of Friar Abel de Jesús.

Maria José Atienza-January 18, 2022-Reading time: 6 minutes

He studied communications but never thought of dedicating himself to it, "I saw it from the negative side," he admits. This 28-year-old Tenerife native was in the diocesan seminary for five years before making the leap to religious life.

He entered Carmel in 2016 and, upon making his religious profession, God made this "anti-net" man see that He wanted him evangelizing in Youtube.

How did Friar Abel's channel begin?  

-It was not something I planned. Almost the opposite, I would say. Like all things of God: God takes the initiative and you follow in tow. That's how my life has been, always in God's wake, like the prophet Jonah.

I didn't have social networks or anything. I practically lived in digital abstinence. In the novitiate I hardly used the computer. I would check my email once a week or look for some information and little else. I was "zero" on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram or Youtube.

On the day of my religious profession, kneeling down, I experienced that the Lord was calling me to be an evangelizer through YouTube. And I said to myself: "Let's see, how am I going to be one? It is true that I had studied communication, but almost "to redeem myself": to get to know it, but not to dedicate myself to it. In fact, I saw it from the "negative" side.

The fact is that I experienced this unexpected call to evangelize on Youtube. I thought it was an invention of my mind but, from there, I went through a long process of discernment with my spiritual director, with the formators, etc. until the channel was inaugurated, on October 15, St. Teresa's Day, 2019. I opened myself Twitter e Instagramalthough everything is very focused on Youtube. My idea is to create community on Youtube, this is the sense, although it is true that each network has its own audience.

Why Youtube and not another social network?

-There really is no logical explanation. I only know that, at that moment, I had a crush from God. A very incisive experience. That crystallized in my mind in Youtube, and not in anything else. I knew very little about that world, I knew Antonio García Villarán who is an art critic that I liked a lot but little else.

Do the results confirm that this was what God intended?

-On the one hand, results are not a sign of anything. In the Gospel, the dynamics of success is completely missing. There is no dynamic of success, but rather the opposite. We can say that, from the tile down, with purely human eyes, at least in the life of Christ the preaching of the Gospel was a "resounding failure": he was abandoned, he died on the cross... The seed of the Gospel had to rot in order to bear fruit. We also have to enter, in our apostolates, in the seed dynamicsWe need to rot in order to bear fruit. That is why, I repeat, success is not a criterion for anything.

On the other hand, it is true that I have come across prodigious facts that the very dynamics of the word engenders: fantastic people, people who have felt helped by the channel or who have deepened their faith thanks to the videos... This shows that the effort, that overcoming these personal temptations, is worth it. It is worth the risk. Evangelization, mission, is a risk. Beyond the numbers, it was worth it.

As for the numbers, I'm not complaining. As difficult as it is now to disseminate Catholic content on the web, we are more than happy that there are so many people of all kinds following the channel. We are doing a precious mission, which is a path of shared faith.

How to navigate in a world where it is not difficult to use God as an excuse to look for oneself?

-That is the daily struggle. To see God's will for this work that requires much discernment, much prayer, and to avoid those temptations that are on this path.

Does anyone help you with this task?

-This is a very sacrificing mission, because of the time it takes and the energy it consumes, the emotion you put into it, the attention to the dynamics of operation. To be youtuber is not only a profession, as such, but almost a way of existence.

I count on people who collaborate with me, especially in the management of social networks because I am still quite abstemious in that sense. I respond to questions asked of me personally but I am not a continuous inhabitant of the net. In fact, I don't have a smartphone, so my internet surfing is very restricted to the moment I log on to the computer. And that's basically because I don't have the time. I have four hours in the afternoon, if I spend one of them on social networks, I only have three left to make the video and these videos do not come out with three hours a day but with much more.

How do you balance that youtuber lifestyle with that digital semi-abstinence?

-I approach it from the theological point of view of contemplation. Everything is ordered to this germinal principle: the contemplative life.

The contemplative life from the Teresian point of view requires a lot of evangelical astuteness, it is not all of the devil or everything is our salvation. It is a middle ground that requires taking advantage of all the good that the digital continent has to offer and rejecting everything that could be detrimental to the health of our contemplative life, which is a constant challenge. That is why I consider myself semi-abstemious digital: I work on the Internet but I don't let it take over my whole life.

That's why I don't have a smartphone. I have a computer in one place, away from my room. I have some very specific times when I work in the digital world. I do a kind of ecology of the day that allows me to free my proper contemplative sphere - the cell, the chapel or the refectory - from all the noise that the digital continent can bring in and that is not its own space. That is why I have to delimit space and time very well.

One of the characteristics of your presence in the networks is that you avoid confrontations and polemics, but how do you see these discussions and attacks that manifest themselves in the social networks, also among Catholics?

- One of the creators of the Internet, Jaron Lanier, has become a kind of apostle against what the digital world has become because of a radicalized attention economy that seeks to viscerally capture our attention. All this with the aim of generating interaction, knowledge about us. From this author I got the idea that all radicalized people at this time, with radical or illogical positions, have a particularity: they are, in many cases, addicted to the Internet.

This radical polarization is the result of mismanagement of our experience of the digital continent and we can all fall into this.

From an economic point of view, it is in the interest of the network companies that we are as radical as possible, in all areas. The more radical we are and the more radical our interventions in social networks are, the more interaction we will generate, and therefore, the more data about us and the people around us we will provide them with.

Christians often fall into the idea that a social network is of one political profile or another... Of the left or of the right and it is not so. Social networks are not right-wing or left-wing but of the lowest, of the lowest of the person because polarization produces revenue.

So when we see that some accounts are cancelled in networks, such as Twitter for example, don't you think that they want to silence one or another position?

The first thing to say is that very few accounts are cancelled indefinitely. They are usually cancelled for a week because the algorithm has not worked well. That is, if 300 people "agree" to denounce an account, even if it is about flowers, they are going to cancel it, because the platform's own guidelines work that way. Twitter suspends it as a precautionary measure until it is reviewed by a person and then, generally, it is restored.

However, if a profile goes against the laws of those platforms where it is, -which are private, let's not forget, and they can set the rules they want-, or if its behavior provokes violent behavior, illegal content, they will cancel it indefinitely.

I am not saying that there are not cases in which they have not gone too far, behind the social networks there are people and there can be injustices. But, as far as I perceive, there is no systematic censorship of Catholic profiles.

How would you define your channel?

-It's a very good question because I feel like I've been asking it for two years. With every video it resurrects the question "what am I doing, what is this channel for?"

Lately I think that what I bring to this channel is theology. Theology for Youtube, but I also make videos analyzing the background of High School Musical and the doubt "what is this, geek theology?" comes back.

The truth is that postmodernity today understands disciplines in this sense, almost absurd. The absurd, in a good sense, is almost a category. We only have to look at Canal de Ter, for example.

If we want to talk about postmodernity, sometimes we have to start from comparisons that, from an academic point of view, are banal, absurd.

Theology has to open its format to postmodernity and that means changing the dynamics of the academy to other dynamics in which we are still initiating. I could say that my channel is Theology for the postmodern man.

What have been your "top" videos?

- What I like best are entertaining, but profound, explanations of theological issues that people care about. For example, I did a 10-minute video on Advent that succeeded or one on the Immaculate Conception. I have also commented on recently published magisterial documents. People appreciate it when you explain things in a profound but fresh way.

Before the Week of Prayer for Christian Unity

This year's Week of Prayer places ecumenism in the field of friendship and the Church's evangelizing mission, and invites us to look to the Christian East. The author proposes to reflect on some documents of the Magisterium on this theme. Everything that favors unity points to the presence of God.

January 18, 2022-Reading time: 4 minutes

The Week of Prayer for Christian Unity, which is generally celebrated from January 18 to 25, in this year 2022, is presented to us as an extension of the time of the Epiphany with the motto "We have seen his star rise and have come to worship him" (cf. Mt 2:2).

The Christians of Lebanon, who are in charge of the preparation of the guide materials proposed for this week, have chosen the Gospel passage of the Magi of the East as the theme for reflection and prayer together in an ecumenical perspective.

In this way, two emphases or perspectives of ecumenism are especially highlighted.

On the one hand, we are invited to participate in what we call the ecumenism of friendship, that is, to enter into the movement of rapprochement, knowledge and openness towards Christians of other confessions and, concretely, on this occasion, towards the world of the Christian East.

The other dimension of ecumenism that is proposed to us in a particular way this year is the close relationship between ecumenism and the evangelizing mission that the Lord has entrusted to his Church, which he has sent to carry the message of salvation to the ends of the earth.

Only from a greater mutual knowledge among the various Christian confessions will it be possible to recognize all that unites us, as well as the particular richness that each one brings to the world, offering, in a relationship of exchange and listening to what is good and valuable, the beauty of Christianity.

This year, during the Week of Prayer for Unity, we are invited to become more familiar with the life of the Christians of the East. It is a real opportunity to get to know their traditions, spirituality, liturgical rites, history and their present situation, marked by persecution and minority.

This openness to the East has been present in the hearts of recent Popes, from Leo XIII to the present day. It was especially St. John Paul II, the Pope who came from the East, with his expression of the "Christianity of the two lungs", who most actively encouraged this special love and veneration of the Catholic Church for the Christian East.

An enormous effort has been made in the Catholic sphere to promote reconciliation and forgiveness, dialogue and closeness, in short, communion with the sister Churches of the East. In this sense, it might be interesting, during this week, to read and reflect on some very significant documents of the Magisterium of the Church on this subject.

The first would be Orientalium Dignitas on the Eastern Catholic Churches of Leo XIII. The second proposal would be from the Second Vatican Council, the third chapter of the Decree on the Eastern Catholic Churches. Unitatis RedintegratioThe Council's Decree dedicated to Ecumenism, where, in describing the various separated Christian communities, the esteem and special consideration given to the Eastern Churches is recognized, and a careful and prayerful reading of the Apostolic Exhortation would be very helpful. Orientale lumen of St. John Paul II, written in 1994.

It is necessary to clarify that, when we speak of the Eastern Churches, we have to distinguish between the Eastern Catholic Churches and the Orthodox Churches. The former are part of the Catholic Church and are very important for ecumenical dialogue with Orthodoxy, even though their peculiarity has generally meant a painful situation of foreignness, since for Catholics they are very different in customs and rites and for the Orthodox they are catalogued, sometimes with harshness and hostility, as separate sisters. They, on the other hand, are true bridges between the two shores. On the one hand, they enjoy a common tradition, rites, spirituality and history with the Orthodox Churches and, at the same time, they are in communion with the Catholic Church.

This peculiarity gives rise to an ecumenical hope, for in them we see realized the promise of communion between East and West, as well as the realization of a unity that cannot be understood as uniformity but as harmony in the plurality that is recognized, welcomed and reconciled.

The other aspect of ecumenism that is very present in the motto and materials offered for the celebration of this week 2022 is the link that exists in Christianity between unity and mission, between ecumenism and evangelizing dynamism.

Certainly, the symbol of the Magi of the East and the star that guides them to Christ, recognized as the Savior of the world, refers to the distant peoples, the pagans, the distant ones who allow themselves to be questioned and guided by the signs that God sends to make his grace present in the midst of the world until they come to recognize it and believe in it.

Epiphany in the liturgical cycle of Christmas corresponds to Pentecost in the cycle of Easter. It is the celebration of the manifestation of the Glory of God to all the peoples of the earth, since He wants all men to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth (cf. 2 Tim 2:1).

The Magi represent the whole of humanity, men of good will, those who are distant and foreign to the chosen people but who have also been called by God, by unsuspected and mysterious ways, to establish with them the new and definitive covenant.

Let us not forget that ecumenism was born at the beginning of the 20th century with the World Missionary Conference of Edinburgh in 1910, where it was noted that a serious missionary problem was the division of Christians. The preaching of the Gospel lost credibility when it was announced by brothers who were at odds with each other, and these confrontations became a paralysis for evangelization.

The division of Christians is an anti-Gospel witness and deforms the visible face of the Church of Christ. It is thus clear that ecumenical commitment and concern are born for the mission and enliven the dynamism of witness. The words of Jesus in Jn 17:21 are the successful expression of this link between unity and mission: "That they may all be one so that the world may believe".

 Thus every prayer, every word, every gesture in favor of unity and harmony, in the midst of a world wounded by division, can be the star that illuminates and points to God's presence and closeness.

During this week of prayer for Christian unity, may the world be filled with stars, may the earth be united with heaven and, in the midst of such clarity, the light that comes from the East, may people recognize the God who became man, in Christ Jesus, to save us.

The authorSister Carolina Blázquez OSA

Prioress of the Monastery of the Conversion, in Sotillo de la Adrada (Avila). She is also a professor in the Faculty of Theology at the San Dámaso Ecclesiastical University in Madrid.

Fraternal correction well understood

We Catholics cannot neglect communion within the Church itself, where existing divisions are increasingly being aired by various means.

January 17, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

Whenever the Week of Prayer for Christian Unity comes around, I always ask myself the same question: when is another Week of Prayer for Catholic Unity?

While we must continue to encourage the ecumenical movement that seeks to overcome quarrels between historically separated confessions, we cannot neglect communion within the Catholic Church itself, where the existing divisions are becoming more and more evident. And I do not think it is because there is more disunity than before, but because there are media permanently dedicated to airing them. Because we are in the age of social networks, where fraternal correction has been perverted and has become a back-and-forth of "zascas".

In the best families there are philias and phobias, envy, suspicion and people who, we do not know why, we like or dislike. Also in the great family of the children of God that is the Church, it usually happens to us at the individual level, when we cannot stand the pastor or the sister in the pew next to us; at the group level, when we dislike the neighboring parish, the confraternity across the street or the movement up there; and at the extreme level, when we reject the Church and the Pope outright.

Disagreeing is legitimate, but not understanding that the actions or styles of others can also come from God, even if one does not share them, is not knowing the multiform grace of the Holy Spirit, who blows as He wills, on whom He wills and where He wills.

In the face of the work of the devil (etymologically meaning "the one who divides, who separates, who creates hatred or envy"), the work of the Holy Spirit is communion.

A communion that is not foolish, nor alien to the truth, nor conformist, but understands that the same God manifests himself in different ways through concrete persons.

Working in ecclesial communication has allowed me to get to know the Church, its various sectors, its different sensibilities and to discover the treasure of its diversity. I can assure you that I have seen saints and sinners in all areas.

In the face of those who promote a Church that is foursquare, standardized according to their own point of view, the value of the Christian community lies in its diversity, in its plurality.

As happens in Christian marriage with the spouses, the difference is not an obstacle, it is precisely a call to love, to open oneself to the mystery of the other.

To go out of oneself to discover that things can be done differently, that when we are not two but one flesh we are better because we complement each other, and from this a new life springs forth. This is what Jesus asked of the Father for the Church: "that they may be one"; it is the same thing that He lives in the Trinitarian mystery: unity in diversity.

Differences of opinion should not lead us, therefore, to try to change the other, but to put aside our prejudices and discover what good the Spirit is working through him. What can I learn from my brother? What could I contribute to him? What aspect of my life denounces his style of living the Gospel? How could I cover his shortcomings in order to be complementary? Fraternal correction, properly understood, begins with oneself.

The authorAntonio Moreno

Journalist. Graduate in Communication Sciences and Bachelor in Religious Sciences. He works in the Diocesan Delegation of Media in Malaga. His numerous "threads" on Twitter about faith and daily life have a great popularity.

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Resources

What are the holy nails and what is their history?

The holy nails were those used in the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. When he was taken down from the Cross, once dead, according to tradition, the nails were buried with it.

Alejandro Vázquez-Dodero-January 17, 2022-Reading time: 3 minutes

We know from historical sources that nails were used in the passion of those condemned to death by crucifixion during the Roman domination of many territories. 

They were used to nail Jesus Christ, and because they were "blessed" by his blood, they have always deserved great veneration. When he was taken down from the Cross after his death, according to tradition the nails were buried with it. At the beginning of the fourth century, during her journey to the Holy Land, the Empress Helena took care of recovering the relics of the Passion of the Lord, among which were the holy nails.

Elena would send part of the Cross to her son Constantine, as well as two of the three nails, which she would destine to the bit of her son's horse, his helmet and his shield, so that the emperor would be protected in his battles. The third was to be taken to Rome.

The first written reference to the existence of these relics dates back to the end of the 4th century in a prayer attributed to St. Ambrose of Milan, and later, in the 6th century, a documentation referring to the veneration of some sacred nails was found in Constantinople.

There are certain historiographical traces of various destinations of the three nails. Among them is Santa Maria della Scala in Siena, one of the largest and oldest hospitals in Europe, which in the mid-fourteenth century became a center of pilgrimages, precisely because it had one of the holy nails.

Another nail, as we were saying, was destined by St. Helena for her son, and in Milan the bit - or harness - with the holy relic is preserved. St. Charles Borromeo, archbishop of Milan, in the 16th century used the relic for processions with the faithful of the city, making them partakers of this great treasure. In Milan, every September 14, since time immemorial, the relic is exposed and venerated in the cathedral to celebrate the feast of the exaltation of the Holy Cross.

Various examples or versions of sacred nails

There are many places around the world that claim the authenticity of relics made from parts of the sacred nails incorporated into reliquaries. However, given such a large number, some of these relics could well come from the structure of the Cross itself, and not from the nails.

Relics made from their contact with the holy nails were also distributed, as distinct from incorporating - fusing - samples of them to other instruments that would in fact serve as reliquaries. Consequently, although a certain number of the holy nails may not be authentic, it could be admitted that some reliquaries, or relics properly speaking, contained some particles of the original holy nails. But it seems impossible to know which nails contain those particles of the one Elena took to Rome.

As we said, it is confirmed by the oldest sources that St. Helena found three crosses and three nails. Although it was certainly possible that more than three nails were unearthed, counting those used to crucify the two thieves, those that joined the two crossbeams of the cross or those that fixed the titulus on the top of the cross.

Many scientists, particularly archaeologists, have studied the authenticity of the various versions of sacred nails that we have, based on research about the common use that would be given at the time of Christ to the nails for the crucifixion of the condemned. Thus, by concluding what the size of the nails had to be in order to be able to pierce hands and feet, for example, their authenticity could be determined or not.

We will now list some of the places where nails -or pieces of them- are preserved, venerated as those used in the crucifixion of Christ, although, as we have pointed out, their authenticity is uncertain:

  • Milan Cathedral (in the shape of a bite or harness, as mentioned above).
  • Basilica of the Holy Cross of Jerusalem in Rome.
  • Bamberg Cathedral, Germany.
  • Cathedral of Colle di Val d'Elsa, near Siena.
  • Cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris.
  • Cathedral of Saint-Etienne de Toul.
  • Cathedral of Monza (iron crown).
  • Vienna's Hofburg Imperial Palace (sacred spear).
  • Monastery of San Nicolò l'Arena in Catania.
  • Cathedral of Trier (treasure).
Scripture

"In him dwells the fullness of the Godhead" (Col 2:9-15).

Juan Luis Caballero-January 17, 2022-Reading time: 4 minutes

The mediation of Christ is one of the central points of the Christology of the Letter to the Colossians. Starting from the concrete situation of the Christian community of Colossae, Paul universalizes his message and offers a profound reflection on the primacy of Christ in creation and redemption. The text from which we point out some key points is Colossians 2:9-15, especially verses 13-15: "And you, who were dead through your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh, he has made alive again with him, having forgiven all your trespasses, having cancelled the manuscript, with its decrees, which was adverse to us, and has abolished it, having nailed it to the cross; having disarmed the principalities and powers, he has safely given them in show, celebrating with a triumphal procession his victory over them, in him.".

Context of the passage

The general content of Colossians is the work of Christ for the holiness of believers and faithfulness to the gospel received and announced by Paul. These themes are developed in Col 1:24-4:1. The heart of the exposition (Col 2:6-23) consists of a series of exhortations and warnings that frame the Christological reasons: Christ and the believers with him (Col 2:9-15). This unit is divided into two argumentative stages:

a) First, motivations based on the present situation (verses 9-10): in Christ dwells all the fullness of the divinity "bodily" (Christ/God relationship); in him you have been fully filled (Christ/believers relationship); Christ, head of all principality and power (Christ/powers).

b) Second, motivations based on past events (verses 11-15). On the one hand, the transformation accomplished in the believers: separation of the flesh and sin (circumcision, with a baptismal connotation, v. 11) and union with Christ (death/resurrection, with baptismal connotation, v. 12). On the other hand, the work of God/Christ in their favor through the cross (verses 13-14) and the action on the powers (v. 15).

The decisive point is the fullness received in Christ by believers: they are filled in him, they are risen with him. In Christ, believers have already received everything and have no need of practices that suppose that the salvific gifts received in Christ are incomplete or have yet to be obtained.

The present situation and past events

Verses 9-10 stress that the fullness of divinity is found in Christ, in him alone and in no other, in a real, truly, really, really, fully way, and that Christians have access to that fullness, without recourse to spiritual powers and the practices they require, by incorporation "in Christ". It is also emphasized that Christ is the head of all principality and power. The relation of Christ to Christians is that of head of a body; the relation of Christ to the powers is that of head as superiority and domination. The powers, submitted to Christ, can neither question nor threaten the fullness that believers receive from Christ alone. These, having received everything from him, are not subject to the powers, both angelic and earthly.

With these verses, the argument moves from the present situation of the believers (the definitive union to Christ) to what has produced it.

Starting from the rite of circumcision as a way of getting rid of a piece of flesh, Paul speaks of the superiority of the "circumcision of Christ," which is spiritual and transforms the whole man, freeing him from all that is "carnal" (an allusion to the new condition of the Christian, now in the order of Christ) through baptism, thus making possible access to the divine fullness through definitive union with the dead and glorified Christ, without the need for any special practice or rite added to it. This separation or disrobing of the carnal goes hand in hand with a union as death and resurrection, understood as the new and transformed life of the baptized (personal union with Christ), but still pending definitive glorification. This resurrection has been made possible by openness (faith) to the power of God.

Verses 13-15 now shift the emphasis to the mediation of Christ by not making explicit the subject of the verbs used. Our death had its cause in not adhering to the divine will, which is the same as "uncircumcision of the heart" as refusal to renounce the "flesh"; life (association to the fullness of Christ) has come thanks to Christ and the forgiveness of sins.

The meaning of verses 14-15 could be summarized as follows: Christ, head, has worked pacification between God and men, reducing to impotence every power that opposed him and disarming every power that, even when subdued, had a punitive and coercive role. In the text, therefore, the expression "principalities and powers" refers to both types of powers, both evil and good. The expression "to give in spectacle" refers, equally to both: with a negative connotation (victory and surrender to mockery) and with a neutral or positive connotation (manifestation of their fidelity), depending on the person concerned. The triumphal celebration also affects both. The document referred to in v. 14 is the book in which the angels recorded the sins of men, deserving for them a punishment for whose application and execution the angels had to watch over. The death of Christ on the cross has made this document disappear, sins having been forgiven by grace.

The authorJuan Luis Caballero

Professor of New Testament, University of Navarra.

The Vatican

A nun known to the Pope, on her way to the altars

Rome Reports-January 16, 2022-Reading time: < 1 minute
rome reports88

The Italian Maria Bernardetta of the Immaculate entered the Congregation of the Poor Sisters of St. Joseph at the age of 17. She spent most of her life in Argentina. In 2001, at the end of her days, already in Rome, she received the visitation and anointing of the sick from the hands of the then Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio.


AhNow you can enjoy a 20% discount on your subscription to Rome Reports Premiumthe international news agency specializing in the activities of the Pope and the Vatican.
Family

Intelligence and couple relationship

Who is smarter, the person who knows how to do complicated mathematical and financial calculations, or the one who manages to have a united and happy family where the wife, husband and children are at ease at home?

José María Contreras-January 16, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

As a general rule, a person who knew how to solve complicated technical problems or intricate philosophical reasoning has always been considered intelligent.

With the passage of time has come super-specialization, which basically consists of knowing a great deal about almost nothing.

We are finding ourselves in a society in which some people have a very high level of knowledge in small areas of knowledge, but in the long run they do not know, and it seems that they are not interested in seeing, the reality as a whole.

Thus, as is logical, we follow in society, in matters vital to our lives, the opinions of people who are famous for other subjects.

Their opinions are often taken by the rest of us as unquestionable. We trust those who say them because of their prestige, because of their popularity, as if they were wise in the matter, but the reality is that they know no more than the average citizen.

To this is added the classical view that "the intelligent person is the one who goes further with reason than others"; a definition that, however classical it may be, is still a reductionism since, in addition to a rational one, there are other types of intelligence.

One of these types of intelligence is emotional intelligence, but there is also social intelligence, numerical intelligence, spatial intelligence...

Let us ask ourselves: who is smarter, the person who knows how to do complicated mathematical and financial calculations, or the one who manages to have a united and happy family where the wife, husband and children are at ease at home?

To grant the criterion of intelligence only to what we take for intellectual is, in my opinion, a mistake.

The person must have a vision of his life as a whole; he cannot be divided into work, family, friendships, hobbies... He must know how to intelligently unite all these facets that make up a person's life; if he does not, he will never achieve a full life.

"It's just that to become a top scientist you have to be very smart," one might reply.

And to harmonize a happy family, don't you also have to be very intelligent?

Let's look at society and draw conclusions.

The most intelligent always has a moderately complete view of reality.

No one will be able to achieve a harmonious family if he or she does not have this vision in his or her life.

In order to achieve a satisfying life, emotional intelligence must be trained.

Don't you think we spend too much time training rational intelligence and little or none on emotional intelligence?  

The closer we are to what human beings are really looking for, even if they don't know it, the easier it will be for us to lead a reasonably happy life.  

For that you have to learn, be trained, acquire solid knowledge, not the stereotypes that often model a society and that do not make people happier, but more manipulable.

Let us not forget that the training of the other intelligences, without neglecting the rational one, will give us more happiness as people, which, after all, is what we are.

Listen to the podcast "Love and intelligence".

Go to download

Long live the chains!

The values that sustain the activity of people are not established by majority or consensus, nor from dialectical conflict, nor from cyberactivism, but by their adequacy to the truth, which man can reach to know only with the help of reason, driven, if necessary, by faith.

January 16, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

I have never been through the Channel Tunnel, but I can imagine what it must be like to enter it with a specific landscape, climate, language and culture, and then find yourself in a different environment. A different language and customs, which requires adapting one's behavior to these new circumstances, but without losing one's own identity.

We have gone through the pandemic tunnel in the same way. We enter it from a known world and when we come out - if we are coming out at all - we find ourselves in a quite different social environment.

The pandemic has not been the cause of these changes, but it has accelerated trends that were already manifesting themselves and are trying to shape a new social model. It is now necessary to verify whether this proposed society is livable, is human, whether it is adapted to the reality of man.

The most immediate thing is to identify what these changes are. If they refer only to superficial issues or affect our values, our worldview and our relationship with God. If so, in this case, we would have to resort to Christian anthropology to reconstruct the truth about man, and the brotherhoods must be involved in this task.

The keys to such analysis are not in sociology - "everyone thinks it," "everyone does it" - because sociology is not a normative science.

The values that sustain the activity of people are not established by majority or consensus, nor from dialectical conflict, nor from cyberactivism, but by their adequacy to the truth, which man can reach to know only with the help of reason, driven, in his case, by faith. Of course, this task requires an intellectual effort that may discourage some.

In a risky comparison, we could establish a certain parallelism between this situation and the Spain of the Liberal Triennium (1820-1823) promoted by Riego against the absolutist immobilism of Ferdinand VII. It should be noted that the liberals were a minority and were among the most enlightened of the emerging middle class.

Simplifying a period as intense as it was complex in the history of Spain, we will say that the liberal adventure ended early, barely three years, and badly.

Riego was hanged and Ferdinand VII was received in Madrid amidst the enthusiasm of the people to the shouts of "Long live the chains!". Thus proclaiming their fear of living in freedom, of having to consider and solve the problems of coexistence and political organization.

It seems that this fear of freedom still lingers in some Christian and fraternal environments. Even now there are those who prefer to embrace absolutist approaches, taking refuge in a misunderstood tradition. They renounce the act proper to freedom, which is to love the good, and their capacity to orient themselves with their actions towards God, who is Good and Truth.

It is the study of action that reveals the person. The reality of the person is constructed from the person himself, uniting the subjectivity of experience with the objectivity of revealed truth.

Just the opposite of social engineering, which tries to create new values - rather counter-values - to which the person has to adapt his actions or behavior, thus changing the reality of man.

This is now the task of the brotherhoods: to elaborate a model of analysis of reality, with a rigorous doctrinal foundation. An analysis that truly serves their mission towards their brothers and sisters and society: to assume their own truth as a vocation.

The authorIgnacio Valduérteles

D. in Business Administration. Director of the Instituto de Investigación Aplicada a la Pyme. Eldest Brother (2017-2020) of the Brotherhood of the Soledad de San Lorenzo, in Seville. He has published several books, monographs and articles on brotherhoods.

The World

Rediscovering the Holy Land

The expected opening of the borders recently announced by the Israeli government is joined by a curious reality that has emerged in the pandemic: the visit or stay of Jews residing in Israel in Christian institutions in view of the impossibility of traveling outside the country.

Maria José Atienza-January 15, 2022-Reading time: 4 minutes

On January 6, the Israeli government announced the reopening of the country's borders. This allows vaccinated residents of Israel to travel anywhere in the world again without the need for a special permit.

This fact finally opens a door of hope for religious families, pilgrim and visitor centers and Christian families who live directly from tourism and religious pilgrimages to the Holy Land.

The impact of the pandemic

holy ground

The Holy Land has been one of the areas hardest hit by border closures and difficulties in international travel.

Tourism, especially Christian pilgrimages, has for years been one of the main drivers of the economy in the Holy Land. Especially for the Palestinian Christian community residing in the Holy Land which is dedicated, in large part, to the sale of religious handicrafts.

According to data from Israel's Ministry of Tourism, the outbreak of the pandemic at the beginning of 2020 caused the number of tourists to plummet to 832,500, compared to four and a half million in 2019. A figure that dropped, even further in 2021, with 401,500 foreign visits to the Holy Land.

Now, with open borders and massive vaccination, a gradual recovery in the number of cases is expected. pilgrimages and trips to the land of Jesus.

Return to the Holy Land!

Last November, a group of religious journalists were able to learn first-hand about the difficult situation that the pandemic has left on the religious communities residing in the Holy Land, the Christian faithful and, in general, the Israeli tourism sector.

Return to the Holy Land, pilgrims! The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, Bishop Pierbattista Pizzaballa O.F.M., with whom we were able to speak for a few minutes, encouraged the Christians to return to the Holy Land. "which is your land" pointed out.

Visiting the sacred places, residing in the houses of the Franciscan Custody and other institutions present in the Holy Land and, above all, to help financially the Christian communities in which the economic crisis, together with their already difficult social situation, are shaping up as the hope for recovery in the coming months.

The rediscovery of one's own land

With this hope for the return of normality, there is also a curious phenomenon that has occurred during the months of border closure: the "internal" tourism that has led many Jewish residents in the Holy Land to visit Christian places and to stay, on many occasions, in pilgrims' houses located in different parts of the country. A movement that has even aroused the curiosity of the local media.

Irish priest Eamon Kelly, deputy director of Magdala CenterThe Legionaries of Christ's guest house in Migdal, formerly Magdala, confirms this reality.

During the construction of this center, the foundations and part of the walls of a 1st century synagogue were discovered, as well as part of the maritime roadway, the Via Marisin a very good state of preservation.

In addition to all this, the discovery of the first menorah carved in stone that is on record. All this has made Magdala a special place for many Jews in the area who have chosen it for their children's Bar Mitzvah celebrations.

It is also common to see Jewish families eating in the center's restaurant or visiting the remains of the synagogue and baths that can be seen in Magdala.

synagogue_magdala holy land

Enriching faith

A similar experience has been experienced in Saxum Visitor CenterThe project, promoted by the Prelature of the Opus Dei and whose name recalls the nickname by which its founder, St. Josemaría Escrivá, called his first successor at the head of the Work, Blessed Álvaro del Portillo, who visited the Holy Land in March 1994 just before his death.

During the November visit, Almudena RomeroThe director of the visitor center said that during the months of the pandemic, more than a hundred Jews from neighboring towns had come to see "what that house was like.

"They are often surprised that we show the Jewish past of Jesus and that we have the entire history of the people of Israel captured in the timeline of the courtyard" he stresses. Isabel RodriguezSaxum's communications manager.

On one occasion, at the end of the visit to the center, a Jewish guide of French origin stayed "for more than an hour asking me all kinds of questions," recalls Elizabeth. "I explained to him that, for me, living in Jerusalem and visiting the holy places has meant understanding in depth that Jesus is Jewish and that the Christian faith - when one understands the Old Testament, the Jewish feasts and traditions - acquires a new dimension, it is much richer in its meaning."

saxum_explanation
Almudena Romero explains the entrance courtyard at Saxum

Hope for the Holy Land

"Saxum is a place where it is easy to build bridges and share commonalities across cultures and religious traditions," adds Isabel. A statement to which Father Kelly adds "many Jews in the area thank us for taking care of the synagogue and the archaeological remains".

The reticence towards Christians on the part of many Jews vanishes with these visits. Something that may have been impossible before and that the pandemic has helped to change.

Little by little, with the normalization of the socio-sanitary situation, rediscovering the Holy Land is once again a possible dream.

The Vatican

"Pilgrims of hope": preparation for the 2025 Jubilee begins

On the way to a new Holy Year of the universal Church, the Jubilee of 2025, Pope Francis wants to begin his preparations, and to this end he has unveiled the Jubilee motto: "Pilgrims of Hope". The last 25 years have represented for the Church and for society a "change of epoch", as the Holy Father has repeatedly emphasized.

Giovanni Tridente-January 14, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

"Pilgrims of Hope" is the motto chosen by Pope Francis for the next Holy Year of the universal Church, the Jubilee of 2025. It was Archbishop Rino Fisichella, President of the Pontifical Council for Promoting the New Evangelization, who announced it in the last few hours, recounting the results of the recent private audience he had with the Holy Father in early January.

The news that it would be the Vatican department headed by Monsignor Fisichella who would coordinate the preparation of the next Jubilee on behalf of the Holy See, in contact with the Italian civil authorities, was announced the day after Christmas, but close talks had already been going on for several months with the organizations concerned.

The Pontifical Council for Promoting the New Evangelization, which according to the forthcoming text of the reform of the organization of the Roman Curia - Praedicate evangelium - should be merged with the Congregation of Propaganda Fide, already managed the previous "Jubilee of Mercy" (December 8, 2015 - November 20, 2016). It is true that then it was an event that not only came as a surprise at the behest of Pope Francis, but was intended to be "diffusive" with respect to the single city of Rome, with the opening of the "Holy Doors" in all the dioceses of the world. The first Holy Door to be opened, as will be recalled, was not that of St. Peter's Basilica, but that of the peripheral Cathedral of Banguì, in the Central African Republic.

The path of preparation

Returning to the next Jubilee in 2025, in addition to the logistical aspect, there will undoubtedly be the path of spiritual preparation. Suffice it to recall that for the Great Jubilee of the Year 2000, the path of preparation began six years earlier, in 1994, when John Paul II delivered to the whole Church the Apostolic Letter Tertio Millenio Adveniente. In that document, he anticipated the three phases that would lead to the fullness of this celebration: an "ante-preparatory" phase and three strictly preparatory years, from 1997 to 1999.

We are certainly not at the imminence of a change of millennium that would require a thoughtful reflection on two millennia of history, but certainly the last 25 years have represented for the Church and for society a "change of epoch," as Pope Francis has repeatedly emphasized.

A reasoning that the Pope also made in 2019 to the Roman Curia, when he reiterated that precisely in this epochal context, where among other things, he said, "we are not in Christendom, not anymore", the real urgency of Christ's witnesses is not to "occupy spaces" but to "initiate processes".

Certainly, the theme of hope also came to the Pope's mind after the events of the last two years, characterized by the pandemic, which in addition to so much suffering has sown in the world despair and disillusionment towards a future that seems uncertain, in which the ability to dream has also been lost.

The Jubilee will therefore be an opportunity to take up again the path of trust and to look with renewed eyes to the future that awaits us, each of us doing our part: pilgrims of hope.

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Vocations

Priest Saints: José Gabriel Brochero, the Cura Brochero

Saint Joseph Gabriel Brochero is the first canonized saint who was born, lived and died in Argentina. He died of leprosy on January 26, 1914. He was beatified on September 14, 2013 and canonized on October 16, 2016. His feast day is celebrated every year on March 16.

Pedro José María Chiesa-January 13, 2022-Reading time: 5 minutes

The priest Saint José Gabriel Brochero is the first canonized saint who was born, lived and died in Argentina. He is popularly known as the "Cura Brochero". He was born on March 16, 1840. The following day he was baptized. His family was composed of parents who worked hard rural jobs, which would not be an obstacle for them to form a brilliant large family faithful to the Catholic Faith, austere to the extreme and composed of ten children, one of whom would become a priest (José Gabriel Brochero) and two of the faithful religious women of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Orchard.

He died of leprosy on January 26, 1914. The disease lasted for many years, and "devoured" him little by little. He had contracted it as a result of his persevering assistance to an old man suffering from the disease, in spite of all the warnings he was given. He did not want to abandon him, since he was aware that he was the only person who visited him. His feast day is celebrated every year on March 16. He was beatified on September 14, 2013 and canonized on October 16, 2016.

His priestly ministry

Regarding his priestly work, on November 4, 1866 he was ordained priest in the Cathedral of Córdoba (Argentina). The following year he showed his priestly guts by standing out for his courageous generosity in assisting the sick and dying during the cholera epidemic that struck the city of Cordoba in 1867, killing a significant percentage of the population (2,300 people out of some 30,000).

At the end of 1869, the bishop entrusted him with the extensive "Curato" of San Alberto: ten thousand inhabitants scattered in desert and mountainous areas, across 4,336 square kilometers, in an area cut off by the interposition of the "Sierras Grandes", a 2,200 meters high stone massif, whose traverse, although not very high, was very dangerous and inhospitable, which is why it was isolated from the most civilized places.

In his "Curato" the places were distant, and there were almost no roads or schools. In addition, the moral state and material destitution of its inhabitants was lamentable. Nevertheless, Brochero's apostolic heart turned that area into a center of spirituality and a flourishing productive zone.

The seat of the Curato was called "Villa del Tránsito" (today "Cura Brochero"), it consisted of only twelve precarious houses, with no services whatsoever. In that place illiteracy, concubinage, alcoholism, theft and poverty were raging, to which was added the absolute lack of religious instruction and the lack of sacraments.

The Cura Brochero, aware that the state authorities of the provincial capital would not show any interest in those abandoned places, understood that if he did not organize the population so that they would raise their own human dignity, he could not preach the Gospel effectively; Therefore, with remarkable spiritual, sacramental and moral leadership, he organized the inhabitants in teams to build chapels and schools, to lay out roads in rocky and steep places, and to open irrigation ditches that would bring water from the mountain rivers to the crops, transforming the area into an orchard. 

Many of these works still survive today, and among them is the "Camino de las Altas Cumbres", which was used in international rally competitions.

On muleback

Unlike the holy Curé of Ars, whom the Holy Spirit impelled to develop a notable "static" pastoral ministry, centered on confessions and preaching to the faithful, Cura Brochero was impelled by the Holy Spirit to the "dynamic" task of parish ministry, For this reason, on the back of a mule, he traveled thousands of kilometers ("thousands" in the literal sense) to visit all his parishioners and bring them the Faith, consolation and the sacraments, bearing cruel wounds on his incurably wounded backside. 

One day he understood that his efforts would never bear solid spiritual fruit if he did not achieve the profound conversion of the souls entrusted to him; and he also understood that the only way to convert so many poor and abandoned people was to make them participate, "everyone" (and especially the illiterate, concubines, alcoholics, bandits persecuted by the law, etc.), in batches of spiritual exercises of at least eight days (with less than eight, he considered that "nothing serious" could be done). 

In those batches there were four days dedicated to formation in basic Christian doctrine, and another four to the prayer life itself. 

In pursuit of this goal, he built a huge retreat house on the site of his parish, which was almost abandoned. Although all his parishioners considered the proposal crazy, it was done: they say that there is no holiness without some magnanimity.

It was built in a short time, and in the first year of use alone, a total of 2,240 retreatants (adding together the men's and women's groups) participated in those spiritual exercises in a "mysterious" way. Anyone who knows the place today would find no human explanation for this fact. And this practice remained firm, in that unpopulated area, from 1877 to 1914 (the year of his death). There were exercise batches of up to 900 participants.

If we take into account that in those years there was no radio, no TV, no WhatsApp, no social networks, and no freezerSince there were no refrigerators, no cold food chains, no gas, no drinking water, and the means of transportation were on foot or blood traction, there is no doubt that the breath of the Holy Spirit in that place, and the correspondence to the grace of the saintly priest, were two undoubted realities. 

His faith, as Jesus Christ asked us to do, was capable of "bring forth children of Abraham from the very stones". (Matthew 3:9). On the other hand, the population of the place where the retreat house was built was only a hundred people, so that the rest of the retreatants had to go out to isolated and distant areas, which made success completely inexplicable without the action of the Spirit and the correspondence to grace.

The most important lesson he gave us priests can be summarized as follows (these are not his words): "To convert the ignorant and the rude: Eight days of retreats... at least!" He was a great promoter of popular spiritual retreats for simple people, and also a great inspirer of those parish priests who consider it fundamental to have retreat houses in their own parish: no more making spiritual retreats depend on the free availability of dates in other retreat houses!

To all that has been said, we must add the countless number of anecdotes collected that reflect his good humor, his trust in grace, his faith in the need for the sacraments, and the importance of human promotion as a basis for the action of the Holy Spirit; these anecdotes are inexhaustible and very interesting, but brevity prevents us from presenting them.

His death

When he died he was seventy-three years old. The last part of his life he was blind and very deaf, and abandoned by almost everyone... because of the panic of leprosy, which chilled good feelings. Let us remember that if today we are afraid of the "coronavirus"... how much more was the fear of leprosy then!

He died with all the sacraments, enduring severe pain. They buried him four meters deep in the chapel of the retreat house, and covered the coffin with quicklime, after which they burned all his belongings, except the parish books. 

Today those books that record his living faith in the sacraments survive, proof of which is the immeasurable number of people he served, as well as the silent fruits that persevere in that area which he extracted from geographical abandonment and spiritual poverty, which is why all its inhabitants (believers or not, Catholics or anti-Catholics) unanimously esteem him as a historic leader in all areas: human, spiritual, moral and religious. 

In the area where he carried out his ministry, it is said that the priest Brochero, as a priestly image of Christ, is worthy of a fame and affection that have made him an "untouchable", a worthy title for one who consumed his life as do the candles that worship God the Father on the altar.

Distinguished Argentine folklorists honored Cura Brochero with a beautiful song, which can be heard below, "A step here a stride there", that summarizes his life very well.

The authorPedro José María Chiesa

Santa Fe, Argentina

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The World

Martin KuglerRead more : "Christians must move from angry majority to creative minority".

Interview with Martin Kugler, director of Kairos Consulting for Non-Profit Organisations and member of the Observatory on Intolerance and Discrimination against Christians in Europe.

Maria José Atienza-January 13, 2022-Reading time: 5 minutes

A few weeks ago the Observatory for Intolerance and Discrimination against Christians in Europe published the report "Under Pressure. The human rights of Christians in Europe."The report for the years 2019-2020 lists some of the main obstacles faced by Christians in Europe.

Faced with this reality of the radicalization of secularism in various environments, the Viennese Martin KuglerIn Omnes, he stresses the need for Christians to "be more authentic and less frightened, to be well informed and to express themselves with intelligible and reasonable arguments.

A very interesting point is the phenomenon that this study calls secular intolerance. There are those who call themselves Christians and defend this idea of religion as "something private". Is the public dimension of a religion being confused with a confessional state?

-The public dimension of the lived Christian faith is evident and necessary. To confuse it with "political Catholicism" is completely anachronistic, but it is deliberately used by proponents of radical secularism to intimidate Christians who actively participate in public life. However, the issue is very simple when one makes it concrete. Our relationship with God and the Church is a very personal thing, but it has consequences that affect our whole lives as citizens, workers or business people, journalists or teachers, voters and politicians, etc.

The same could be said of atheists or agnostics, whom no one would ask to discard their worldview when they write an article or get involved in politics. Yes, even when they make a judicial decision, they are influenced by their beliefs, which can be seen, for example, in decisions of the ECtHR.

The trick, very common among European secularist elites, works very simply: they present the agnostic or even anti-Christian point of view as the neutral position par excellence. In the Viennese Jewish tradition, this is called chutzpahshamelessness.

Our relationship with God and the Church is very personal, but it has consequences that affect our whole life as citizens.

Martin KuglerObservatory for Intolerance and Discrimination against Christians in Europe

Dialogues and rights

The report highlights the ignorance of the religious fact in many governments, which is a problem when dealing with these attacks against Christians. Is there a solution for this? How to act when there is no predisposition to dialogue?

Martin Kugler
Martin Kugler

-This ignorance also has to do with a pronounced unwillingness to take seriously the phenomenon of people of faith. To cross this threshold, we need to reduce prejudice and be considerate in style, especially in communicating our concerns and problems.

A good example is the pro-life movement. The choice of words can close doors, but it can also open them. There is a big difference between talking about abortion as "murder" or pointing out that every abortion ends the heartbeat of one of the weakest members of our society. And that abortion is irrevocable and remains a wound forever. It is also often useful to call prejudices by their name in a polite and clear way, and thus awaken part of the public.

We must not resign ourselves to the fact that Christians, especially the Catholic Church, always appear as victimizers and never as victims in movies and theater, in school books, in novels... In general, in the media. This seems to be a dogma, observable in the lack of attention to the drama of the growing persecution of Christians throughout the world or, regionally, in turning a blind eye to the discrimination of Christians in Europe.

The report points to Spain as one of the countries where this intolerance is not only permitted, but almost encouraged by the institutions.. How to combine this call for dialogue with the defense of rights that are violated by a supposed rule of law?

-Like many Austrians, I am a fan of Spain and am therefore very concerned about some developments. In fact, the ideology that prevails in part of the establishment Spanish reminds me of the attitudes of teenagers. Teenagers who, 50 years after Franco's death, had to demonstrate a rebellion against conservative values.

On some issues such as identity politics, sex and gender education or anti-discrimination, it seems as if all adults have left the living room in Western and Northern Europe. And I am not saying this myself, but British liberal author Douglas Murray, who as a homosexual shows great unease about this fact.

However, on certain issues there is hope for a victory of reason, because the cultural Marxist left is divided within itself. One example is the transgender movement, which is full of contradictions and yet is building up massive pressure, rendering the historical gains of the feminist movement obsolete.

In Great Britain, for example, they now refrain from hormonal and surgical treatment of young people only because they express this desire to a psychotherapist or a doctor. A bill to this effect has been stopped.

Responsibility of Christians

One of the serious problems we observe in Europe is the polarization of positions and even a certain "ghettoization" among those who defend one position or the other. How can we overcome this reality? Are there signs of hope anywhere?

-In the book "Democracy without Religion?" published in Madrid in 2014. (Stella Maris) we have already pointed out this danger. The famous Jewish professor Joseph Weiler wrote at the time about a double ghetto for faithful Christians in Europe. One in which they were forced by intimidation, political pressure or even the curtailment of certain rights such as freedom of conscience.

The other ghetto would be the one in which many Christians would have voluntarily placed themselves because it would take a lot of courage, energy and hope to remain in the assigned place, even in the main place of social discourse.

On issues such as identity politics, sex and gender education or anti-discrimination, it seems as if all the adults have left the room.

Martin KuglerObservatory for Intolerance and Discrimination against Christians in Europe

The report is intended to be an aid to dialogue, but there are those who may be even more afraid of seeing this regression of religious freedoms. How can we overcome this fear and lead, without extremism, these realities to a normalization of the rights of Christians?

Pope Benedict delivered an important speech in the German Parliament in 2011. He described the ecology of man as a reality that is always on our side, so to speak, and against all ideologies. His predecessor, St. John Paul II, pointed out that the great "evil" of the 20th century - Nazism and Marxism - was finally overcome also in this last century.

In 1989, in Eastern Europe, after 50 years of communist dictatorship, the people demonstrated a surprising capacity for resistance. And finally, dialogue can also mean preventing bad things from happening, so that a situation is only "half bad". So, please, no "all or nothing" posturing.

The study calls for the involvement of Christians in cultural, social and political life. Has there been a certain neglect of this duty on the part of Christians?

In general, Christians in Europe should abandon the position of a so-called angry majority and become a creative minority. As beacons of society, we could also get the silent majority to speak and act. Or at least give something like a witness of hope for the next generation and create the basis for a new beginning.

It is essential for Christians to be more authentic and less frightened, to be well informed and to express themselves with intelligible and reasonable arguments. In this world, they are increasingly becoming advocates of freedom and a full life.

Photo Gallery

Boys play soccer on a dusty field in South Africa

A group of boys play soccer on a dusty field in Soweto, South Africa. Lhe Catholic bishops of Africa expressed their concern about the serious problems that threaten peace throughout the continent.

Omnes-January 13, 2022-Reading time: < 1 minute
Spain

Missionary childhood: "Jenet, Michelle and Íscar represent all the children of the world".

Sofia, a Franciscan missionary, shared the stories of three girls whom she met through her work on the Brazilian border with Venezuela. These three minors represent, for this Vilagarciana, "all the children of the world. I thank God for knowing these stories that give light to a new life and that, in the margin, are the light of the world and teach us to believe in God who is alive".

Maria José Atienza-January 12, 2022-Reading time: 3 minutes

The presentation of the Day of Missionary Childhood, which will be celebrated on Sunday, January 16 in Spain, included the testimony of Sofia Quintans Bouzada, a Franciscan missionary of the Mother of the Divine Shepherd, a missionary in Brazil.

Together with José María Calderón, National Director of OMP Spain, she has given a name to the work that the pontifical work carries out in the most disadvantaged areas of the planet.

Sofia is one of the members of the Franciscan missionary community that settled in 2019 in the north of the country, in the state of Roraima. The area is a border enclave that is one of the most important crossing points for Venezuelan refugees.

Sofia, a Peruvian and a Venezuelan nun, soon to be joined by a Congolese, constitute what he called a "very incarnated, Samaritan and humble ecclesial presence".

Its evangelizing work is focused on caring for refugees from Venezuela who, since 2018 have crossed into the Carioca nation. An estimated 600,000 Venezuelans have crossed into Brazil since 2018. That year, the humanitarian crisis unleashed in this northern border caused the Brazilian government to launch a huge reception operation in which the government itself, the army, NGOs and the different confessions rooted in the country collaborate.

quintas_brasil_omp

In this complex and varied map of institutions, the Franciscan Missionary Sisters are "a small presence but a strong experience of the poor and small Christ". They collaborate in accompanying, listening to and welcoming thousands of minors, especially girls, who live in particularly harsh conditions.

A process of "welcoming, promoting and integrating these people as if they were Christ himself coming to us," Quintás stressed. A process that makes them feel welcomed through personal and spiritual accompaniment" and always "with a careful respect for the person".

As Sofía Quintás explained, refugees arriving in Brazil begin their lives in "shelters", refugee camps set up by the government. In addition to being smaller, the "shelters" are differentiated by typology -women with children, single men, minors...- in order to meet their needs more effectively.

Three names

This Franciscan missionary has personalized her experience in three different stories of three girls. Jenet, the first, a Pomona girl, came out of an indigenous community in the interior of Venezuela with a tumor in her head. She asked for help, but was without documents. Thanks to various efforts, she was able to be transferred to Sao Paulo for treatment and returned to her indigenous community. "The girl's struggle for life," said Quintás, "was for me a very strong reflection of the living Christ.

The second story has taken the name of Michelle, who for this Franciscan "represents the trafficking of the most vulnerable human beings". She lives in one of these "shelters" and the nun noticed that she stopped attending the integration activities. When asked why she did not attend, the girl replied that she "wanted to go, but she had to work at the traffic lights" begging on the streets.

The third name is that of Íscar, who, "after crossing the border alone at the age of 16," managed to finish her studies and has recently graduated, and every day, she emphasized, thanks God for having been able to get her life back on track and forgive her brother who mistreated her.

2022 a busy year for PMOs

For his part, the National Director of OMP Spain, José María CalderónHe emphasized that this year 2022 has a special accent for the missionary family.

It is not for nothing that this is the first centenary of the institution of Missionary Childhood as a pontifical work, "its placing at the service of the ordinary pastoral work of the Holy Father in the care of children in mission territories".

In addition, on May 22nd she will be proclaimed Blessed Pauline Jaricot, the young Lyonnaise initiator of what would later become the Propagation of the Faith. 

Calderon recalled that "missionary childhood is very important. For many children in mission territories, the only place where they find a home, affection, possibilities to grow and study is the church". He also pointed out that this campaign continues the campaign started four years ago in which Missionary Childhood is centered on the life of Jesus as a child. In this edition, "the children of the world are also a light for children without faith, who are ignored, who are not loved".

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The Vatican

"Work is essential in human life and is the path to sanctification."

Pope Francis reflected on the work of St. Joseph and how Jesus learned the same trade from his father. He affirmed that work does not "only serve to earn adequate sustenance," but is primarily "a path of sanctification."

David Fernández Alonso-January 12, 2022-Reading time: 3 minutes

"The evangelists Matthew and Mark define Joseph as a "carpenter" or "woodworker." We have recently heard that the people of Nazareth, hearing Jesus speak, wondered, "Is not this the carpenter's son?" (13:55; cfr. Mc 6,3). Jesus practiced the office of his father". This is how the Holy Father Francis began his catechesis on Wednesday, January 12, in Paul VI Hall.

The Pope reflected on the office of Joseph: "The Greek term tektonused to indicate Joseph's work, has been translated in various ways. The Latin Fathers of the Church did it with "carpenter". But let us keep in mind that in the Palestine of Jesus' time wood was used, besides for making plows and various furniture, also for building houses, which had wooden windows and terrace roofs made of beams connected together with branches and earth".

"Carpenter" or "woodworker" was therefore a generic qualification, indicating both wood craftsmen and workers engaged in activities related to construction. It was a rather hard job, having to work with heavy materials such as wood, stone and iron. From the economic point of view, it did not assure great profits, as can be deduced from the fact that Mary and Joseph, when they presented Jesus in the Temple, offered only a pair of turtledoves or pigeons (cfr. Lc 2:24), as prescribed by the Law for the poor (cfr. Lv 12,8)".

Pope Francis during a general audience in the Paul VI Hall at the Vatican, Jan. 12, 2022. (CNS photo/Paul Haring)

In relation to Jesus as an adolescent, the Pope says that therefore, "he learned this trade from his father. That is why, when as an adult he began to preach, his astonished countrymen wondered: "Where did this man get this wisdom and these miracles?" (Mt 13:54), and they were scandalized because of him (cf. v. 57)".

"This biographical information about Joseph and Jesus" made the Pope think, he said, "of all the workers in the world, especially those who do hard work in mines and in certain factories; those who are exploited through undeclared work; the victims of work; the children who are forced to work and those who scavenge in landfills in search of something useful to exchange... But I also think of those who are without work; of those who rightly feel their dignity wounded because they cannot find work. Many young people, many fathers and many mothers live the drama of not having a job that allows them to live serenely. And often the search becomes so dramatic that it leads them to the point of losing all hope and desire for life. In these times of pandemic, many people have lost their jobs and some, crushed by an unbearable burden, have gone so far as to take their own lives. Today I would like to remember each one of them and their families".

Work, the Holy Father stressed, "is an essential component in human life, and also in the path of sanctification. It is also a place where we experience ourselves, where we feel useful, and where we learn the great lesson of concreteness, which helps to ensure that the spiritual life does not turn into spiritualism. But unfortunately work is often hostage to social injustice and, rather than being a means of humanization, it becomes an existential periphery. I often ask myself: in what spirit do we go about our daily work? How do we face fatigue? Do we see our activity as linked only to our destiny or also to the destiny of others? In fact, work is a way of expressing our personality, which is by its nature relational".

"It is beautiful," Francis concluded, "to think that Jesus himself worked and that he learned this art from St. Joseph. Today we must ask ourselves what we can do to recover the value of work; and what contribution, as Church, we can make so that it can be rescued from the logic of mere profit and can be lived as a fundamental right and duty of the person, which expresses and increases his dignity".

The Pope wanted to pray with those present the prayer that St. Paul VI raised to St. Joseph on May 1, 1969:

"Oh, Saint Joseph,
patron saint of the Church,
you who together with the Word incarnate
you worked every day to earn your bread,
finding in Him the strength to live and work;
you who have felt the restlessness of tomorrow,
the bitterness of poverty, the precariousness of work;
you who today show the example of your figure,
humble before men,
but very great before God,
protects workers in their harsh daily existence,
defend them from discouragement,
of the denying revolt,
and from the temptation of hedonism;
and safeguards the peace of the world,
that peace which alone can guarantee the development of peoples. Amen
"

Twentieth Century Theology

The stages of Joseph Ratzinger (I)

Joseph Ratzinger is one of the great theologians of the 20th century and, moreover, an exceptional witness of the life of the Church, with his four stages as theologian and professor, Archbishop of Munich, Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, and Pope.

Juan Luis Lorda-January 12, 2022-Reading time: 7 minutes

What defines a theologian? It seems obvious to look at the external effect. First, in his books. Then, in the main ideas or clichés attributed to him, fixed, with better or worse success, by a tradition first of essays and, above all, of dictionary entries and manuals. In Joseph Ratzinger, not enough time has passed for this operation. And even his work is not completely fixed, as his Collected Works are being published, grouping his writings by themes and gathering unpublished and minor or little known writings, thus transforming their appearance and, in the long run, their reading. 

Four theological stages

What is fixed are the four stages of his life. After a period of formation comes his work as a theologian (1953-1977), including his participation in the Council (1962-1965); then, as Archbishop of Munich (1977-1981), as Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (1982-2005) and as Pope (2005-2013). Thus, two more stages dedicated to theological thought or discernment are combined, as professor and as prefect; and two purely pastoral stages, as bishop and as pope. It is a happy combination. It would be a grave error regarding the nature of theology, and a tremendous impoverishment, to reduce his theological contribution to "professional" dedication: articles, books, conferences....  

In the four stages he has done theology, although in different ways. And one can try to synthesize what each period contributes as well as the basic lines that run through them all. In his conversations, he himself has stated that he sees himself with a certain continuity, although circumstances have placed him in different positions. Kierkegaard used different pseudonyms to show the different perspectives with which he could look at things. Joseph Ratzinger has been given them by the course of his life. Because a young theologian, a bishop in a complex era, a prefect for the doctrine of the faith who has to pay universal attention to doctrine, and a Pope who has to be a good Shepherd and a reference of communion for the whole Church, with a particular mission regarding the interpretation and application of the Second Vatican Council, do not see things with the same perspective. 

Roots of faith

Joseph Ratzinger has portrayed himself very well in this exceptional and charming autobiographical book, My life (1927-1977)which he published in 1997 and which compiles his trajectory as a professor. It is completed with the four books of conversations with Seewald and with some moments of gatherings and expansion during his pontificate. 

There we can see how much he has been marked by the experience of faith lived in his childhood, in the traditional Bavarian environment, with his simple and believing family, with the liturgy joyfully and solemnly celebrated in the parishes he knew as a child, with the stages and feasts of the liturgical calendar that marked the rhythm of the life of all those believing people. He could have lost or changed these roots, but in the course of his life he has consolidated them, and that Christian experience is the basis of his theology. 

Liturgy as lived faith

In the presentation of his Complete Works (vol. I, dedicated to the Liturgy), he explains: "The liturgy of the Church was for me, from my childhood, a central reality in life and it also became [...] the center of my theological endeavor. As a subject of study I chose fundamental theology, because I wanted above all to keep track of the question: Why do we believe? But in this question was the other question about the right answer to God and, therefore, the question of divine worship [...], of the anchoring of the liturgy in the founding act of our faith and, thus also, of its place in the whole of our human existence." And a little earlier he explained: "In the word 'Orthodoxy' the second half, 'doxa', does not mean 'opinion', but 'glory'; it is not about having a correct 'opinion' about God, but about the correct way to glorify Him, to respond to Him. This is indeed the fundamental question asked by the man who begins to understand himself correctly: how should I meet God?"

His itinerary through fundamental theology, on the nature and problems of faith, which also addresses the situation of the modern world, will find a liturgical response. The faith can and must be thought about in order to understand, explain and defend it, but above all it must be lived and celebrated. From this he also deduces the role of the theologian and his own. 

Theological roots

Joseph Ratzinger was educated at the seminary of his diocese, in Freising, and later at the theological faculty of Munich (1947-1951), still in ruins as a result of the war. At My life reflects very well the enthusiastic and renewing atmosphere of the time. The harsh experiences of Nazism had aroused in the German Church a yearning for renewal and evangelization, which received with enthusiasm the new ferments of liturgical theology (Guardini), ecclesiology (De Lubac) and Scripture, as well as the new philosophical inspirations, especially phenomenology and personalism (Guardini, Max Scheler, Buber). All this gave him a certain tone of overcoming (and superiority) with respect to the old scholastic (and Roman) theology. The young Ratzinger was impressed by Catholicism by De Lubac, and by the Meaning of the Liturgyby Guardini. And, from then until the end of his life, he kept himself well informed of the progress of biblical theology.

Somewhat unexpectedly, he became a professor at the seminary and specialized in Fundamental Theology, where the great questions of faith in the modern world, the sciences, politics, and the difficulties of people today in believing were raised. His doctoral thesis on St. Augustine (Village and house of God in San Agustín1953), led him to delve deeper into ecclesiology. And the habilitation thesis on The Theology of History in St. Bonaventure (1959) addressed a new approach to fundamental theology: revelation, before being concretized in formulas of faith (dogmas), is the manifestation of God himself in the history of salvation. This confronted him with Schmaus in the thesis tribunal, but it was an idea that already prevailed and would end up being taken up by the Second Vatican Council: revelation is with "deeds and words" of God, and founds the profound unity of the two sources, Scripture and Tradition. 

Ratzinger professor and theologian (1953-1977)

There followed a very intense period as professor of Fundamental Theology (and later also of Dogmatic Theology) at the seminary (1953-1959) and then at four universities: Bonn (1959-1963), Münster (1963-1966), Tübingen (1966-1969) and Regensburg (1969-1977).

Ratzinger is a young and intelligent professor and feels united to a current of German theological renewal with representative figures, such as Rahner and Küng, who appreciate him. He was also appreciated by Cardinal Frings, who took him on as an advisor and conciliar expert, after having heard him give a lecture on how the Council should be (1962-1965). He will work a lot for the Cardinal (almost blind), and the Council will give him a new experience of the life of the Church and dealings with great and veteran theologians he admires, such as De Lubac and Congar. 

Within that theological enthusiasm, he began to perceive the symptoms of the post-conciliar crisis and, little by little, he distanced himself from the vedetism of some theologians, such as Küng, and also from those who understood themselves as the true and authentic teachers of the faith, a council of theologians constituted as a permanent source of change in the Church. This will be the reason for their adhesion to the project of the magazine Communioby Von Balthasar and De Lubac, in contrast to the magazine ConciliumRahner. Discernment is needed. It is also necessary to discern and focus biblical theology, so that it brings us closer to Christ and does not separate us from him. It is a concern that is born then and grows in his life until the end when, already as Pope, he writes Jesus of Nazareth

The work of this period

At first glance, his work as a theologian is not very extensive and is somewhat hidden, because he has many dictionary articles and commentaries. As a result of his work in Fundamental Theology, he will later publish his Theory of theological principles (1982). In addition, he has collected his articles on ecclesiology in The new People of God (1969) and, later, in Church, ecumenism and politics. New essays in ecclesiology.  

However, the book that makes him famous at this time and that brings together all his concern to explain the Christian faith to a modern world more or less problematized and critical, is his Introduction to Christianity (1968: complex year), soon translated into many languages. It is a course for university students, but it gathers and synthesizes many of his points of view. 

In addition, after he had already been appointed Archbishop of Munich, he completed and published a brief Eschatology (1977), which is more important than it seems in his thought, since it gives the cosmic sense of history, puts human life before the great questions and allows him to approach the problem of the soul and the person from a theological point of view renewed by personalist thought. The human being is, above all, a word of God and someone destined for him. 

Ratzinger bishop (1978-1982)

It came as a complete surprise to him, as he confesses with complete simplicity in My life. Not even when the nuncio called him did he imagine what was coming his way. But Paul VI had thought of him as a theologian-bishop with sufficient personal authority to help settle the difficult post-conciliar ecclesial situation in Germany. Joseph Ratzinger suffered it. The most beautiful and rewarding part of his ministry was preaching and dealing with the simple people. The hardest thing was the resistance and the manias of the ecclesial structures, so developed (and sometimes problematized) in Germany. The first is the lived faith, in which the authenticity and efficacy of the Gospel is appreciated. But the second, which is difficult to handle, also belongs to the reality of the Church in this world and cannot be ignored. 

As the second part remains more hidden, it can be said that this period is characterized by a great expansion of his attention to the liturgy and preaching on Christian holiness. And this consolidates his theology as a pastor, recalling the intense tradition of the ancient Church fathers, theologians and bishops. The mission of a bishop is, above all, to celebrate and preach, as well as to guide the life of the Church. The same activity allows him to develop his liturgical thought, and to develop his reference to the holiness of the Church, reflected in the mysteries of the Lord's life and in the lives of the saints. 

The work of this period

It is a short period, four years, but key in the development of his liturgical theology. What, at first, as a priest and professor, had been occasional preaching, gradually became a body on the mysteries of the faith and the life of Jesus Christ that the Church celebrates throughout the year. For example, the four sermons on Eucharist, center of the Church (1978), The God of Jesus Christ. Meditations on the Triune God, y The party of the faith (1981). His liturgical reflection, previously a bit scattered and occasional, is now consolidated in a general vision, and will end, already as prefect, in his The meaning of the Liturgy (2000). In which he also includes his interest in art and, especially, in sacred music. 

In addition, this period highlights his preaching on creation in the face of questions of modern science and evolution, which results in an intelligent and lucid book, Creation and sin.

Sunday Readings

"The amphorae of new wine". Second Sunday in Ordinary Time

Andrea Mardegan comments on the readings for the Second Sunday in Ordinary Time and Luis Herrera offers a short video homily. 

Andrea Mardegan / Luis Herrera-January 12, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

The third Epiphany of Jesus takes place at Cana. In the Mass the Gospel begins with the words: "at that time", but in the original the episode is introduced with: "on the third day". In the theophany at Sinai, God appeared to Moses on the third day amid thunder and lightning, in a cloud and with a very loud sound of a horn.

The style has changed: here Jesus participates in a wedding feast: joy, good food, singing and dancing. Three days lasted his search and three days will last "his hour", in Jerusalem. The wedding is a symbol of Israel's relationship with God. With Isaiah God declares his love for Jerusalem: "...".You will be called My joy and your land Married, for the Lord will find His delight in you and your land will have a bridegroom ... as the husband rejoices over the bride, so your God will rejoice over you.".

The true husband at Cana is Jesus, called seven times by his proper name and three times by personal pronouns, and the true bride is Mary, called twice by her proper name and three times by personal pronouns. the mother of Jesus, then woman and again mother. It is Mary who introduces Jesus and his disciples, us, to the feast. She takes notice. She leaves the role of a simple guest. She goes further: she is not the bridegroom, nor the master of the table, no one has asked her for anything, but "When the wine ran out, the mother of Jesus said to him, "They have no wine"".

He has set his eyes on the Son and with his gaze asks him to give a sign of himself to these spouses and to the world. Jesus is pensive, Mary is reminded of his state of mind by the words of the angel. Perhaps he did not want to begin yet what would have brought immense suffering to his Mother, because it would have led him to die for love, for all.

That is why he says to her: "Woman, what's the matter with you and me? My time has not yet come.". The hour decided by the Father. Saying this, he connects the wedding at Cana with his cross and his resurrection. Mary understands and, with the language of her eyes, which both of them have always known well, says to him: my love, do not be afraid for me, I have already said my yes.

And it's forever, you know. With a look he says to him, "You can now anticipate your hour." Paul to the Corinthians: "To each is given a particular manifestation of the Spirit for the common good."At Cana, each one does his part, the servants fulfill fully what Mary commands and what Jesus said: "...".to the top"fill the stone amphorae with water for the purification of the ancient law.

They become an anticipation of the chalices filled with the wine of the new covenant. The master of the table tastes and testifies that this wine is the best. The bridegroom, the first unwitting recipient of the gospel of God, welcomes with his astonished silence the unexpected that happened in his life. The disciples, and we with them, believe in Jesus and follow him.

Homily on the readings of Sunday II

The priest Luis Herrera Campo offers its nanomiliaa small one-minute reflection for these readings.

The authorAndrea Mardegan / Luis Herrera

The Three Wise Men are all of us

The "magi" personify all those who, without belonging to the People of Israel, were to be incorporated into Christ through baptism.

January 11, 2022-Reading time: 3 minutes

The manifestation of Jesus as the Child, the Son of God, to some "magicians from the East"is the revelation of the Messiah, Son of God, to all mankind. The "magi" represent us. They personify all those who, without belonging to the People of Israel, were to be incorporated into Christ through faith and baptism. They were the first to whom the Lord wished to manifest himself outside Israel.

Their path to the Child is guided by a "star". This shows us the importance of creation as a path to God for all peoples. The magi begin their journey from the revelation of God in nature to the revelation of God through the Scriptures of Israel: "...".In Bethlehem of Judah," they said to him, "for so it is written by the Prophet. And you, Bethlehem, land of Judah, are certainly not the least among the chief cities of Judah; for out of you shall come forth a leader who will shepherd My people Israel." (Mt 2:5-6). To find the true God, one must go through the revelation of God hIsrael.

The magi, who tradition says were also kings, represent us all. St. Leo the Great wrote: "May all peoples come to join the family of the patriarchs (....) May all nations, in the person of the three Magi, worship the Author of the universe, and may God be known, not only in Judea, but also throughout the world, so that everywhere his name may be great." (Serm.23).

The world is in great need of the true God, revealed first of all to Israel. The Magi arrive in Jerusalem "to pay homage to the King of the Jews"(Mt 2:2). He is "Who dominates over numerous peoples"(cf. Num 24:7 ff.). We all have a great need to adore this Child and to offer him the gift of our existence.

We clearly perceive that the dominant culture is relativistic. Everything must revolve around the individual himself, as a standard of truth and goodness; everything is a function of the subjective preception of each one, of each one and in the "the".right to have rightsI am a "socially responsible person," shirking family or social duties and responsibilities. Others must simply submit to my decision.

This dominant "subjectivism" that seems to favor the person, in reality weakens the person, weakening also the family and society, and makes it easily dependent on the interests of large power groups.

Yes, the Social Doctrine of the Church also affirms that ".the common good is always oriented towards the progress of people" (CCC, n.1912); that "the social order and its progress must be subordinated to the good of the people.... and not the other way around."(GS 26:3), but the person open to God as his Creator and Savior and open to the family and society; not closed in on himself. It is a social order based on the truth of the person as creature; a social order built on justice and enlivened by love. 

Is not the root of this transforming process that we are undergoing and that is leading us to a dominant "subjectivism" the spiritual impoverishment, the absence of God, the loss of the true meaning of life and death that leads to a dehumanizing nihilism? Every person needs to find meaning in life and this ultimate meaning can only be the true God, the Only One who can fully satisfy the yearning for happiness that nests in man.

That is why it is so important that we look to heaven, to that star that leads us to the Child Jesus to wake us up and help us awaken from that dehumanizing dream that seeks to banish God from the lives of men.

The authorCelso Morga

Archbishop emeritus of the Diocese of Mérida Badajoz

The World

Cristina InogésI perceive that the 'hour of the laity' is closer than ever".

Interview with Cristina Inogés, member of the Methodological Commission of the Synod and in charge of the moment of reflection at the opening of the synodal journey in Rome.

Maria José Atienza-January 11, 2022-Reading time: 4 minutes

When he received the mail from the General Secretariat of the Synod of Bishops inviting her to be one of the voices participating in the opening of the synod "For a synodal Church, communion, participation and mission", this laywoman, a theologian from the Faculty of Protestant Theology of Madrid and member of the Methodological Commission of the XVI Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, thought "they had made a mistake with Cristina".

Already at the opening ceremony, in his meditation, together with Pope Francis, he pointed out that it is "good and healthy to correct mistakes, to ask forgiveness for the crimes committed, and to learn to be humble. We will certainly experience moments of pain, but pain is part of love. And the Church hurts us because we love her. He spoke to Omnes about this meditation and the synodal journey of which it is a part.

You were one of the participants at the opening of the Synod in Rome with Pope Francis. How did you receive this assignment? 

-It was through email, which is how we operate today. All very normal and simple. 

What did that moment mean to you? 

- The first thing was to believe that they had made a mistake in the General Secretariat of the Synod because there is another Christina in the Methodological Commission. When I realized that there was no mistake and that the e-mail was for me, I could not believe it. I took a few deep breaths and replied to the email thanking them. There was not much more I could do.

A few weeks ago, you had the opportunity to participate in the Thursdays of the Theological Institute of Religious Life, those moments of formation for consecrated life, in which you spoke about religious life and synodality. Is there an effort in religious life to participate and encourage this process? 

-The religious have two ways of participation: the diocesan one through the diocese where there are communities, and the participation through their own congregation. The effort, really, is because they can work in depth through these two ways. In addition, religious life, as part of the people of God, has a very important role in this Synod, and something so obvious that it may possibly escape our attention should not go unnoticed. This something is that Francis has appointed two religious as undersecretaries of the Synod: Nathalie Becquart, from the Congregation of Xaviers and Luis Marin, from the Congregation of the Augustinians. This is no coincidence. Both Nathalie and Luis, in addition to the work they have in the General Secretariat of the Synod, do not cease to participate in meetings, courses, conferences... encouraging and explaining the importance of this Synod. Religious life, as part of the people of God, has a very important role in this Synod.

Does the "synodal tradition" of religious communities facilitate the progress of this synodal process?

-First of all, it is important to make clear that the synodality is not a tradition as such. It is a constitutive element of the Church. Second, having apparently synodal structures in an institution does not guarantee that they function synodally. There are also such structures in the parishes, in the diocesan structures themselves, and until this Synod almost no one had heard the word synodality.

Religious life must learn to be synodal, as we all must learn to be. In fact, in the recent book by Salvatore Cernuzio The veil of silence The application of synodal forms in religious life will be one of the steps that will help to clean up the problem of abuse of religious women and nuns in the congregations. This is stated by Nathalie Becquart in the foreword. With this affirmation it is clear that, until now, it was not given to the extent that it should be given.

cristina inoges_marin
Cristina Inogés and Mons. Luis Marín at the opening of the synod

Now that we are several months into this process, do you perceive a real commitment to synodality in the Church? 

-Clear bet... I do not know. It is hard to break certain inertias and the fear of the unknown does not help (although I do not understand what fear one can have of a proposal of the Spirit such as this Synod). However, I do perceive an enthusiasm in the laity who are beginning to see that this time that of the hour of the laity is closer than ever. That is the attitude: not to stay still and to walk, to open the path, to know that we are not alone. To be aware that Francis wants to listen to us and wants us to learn to be Church in another way. 

One of the challenges is to also integrate those who do not feel they are an "active" part of the Church (whether they are baptized or not). Do you think these people are being reached? 

-We all have to get involved in the action of approaching these people. What happens is that the first approach should be on the part of the bishops because these people, whom we ourselves have often silenced and made invisible, also need the figure and the word of the pastors.

We must bear in mind that the usual channels are not enough to approach these people. It is necessary to create others, to think of others, to build others and, sincerely, I do not know how this is going at the moment. But don't let anyone think that it is very complex to do so. Many times social networks can be great allies. The question is what and how we say in the networks that we are all called to participate in this Synod.

In his remarks at the opening of the synod, he focused especially on overcoming and asking forgiveness for the mistakes made as part of this synodal process. Is there fear in recognizing one's own weakness? 

-We all have to get involved in the action of approaching these people. What happens is that the first approach should be on the part of the bishops because these people, whom we ourselves have often silenced and made invisible, also need the figure and the word of the pastors.it is true that I alluded to the errors and said that we had to ask for forgiveness, but not only for the errors, but also and above all, for the crimes.

Mistakes and crimes are not the same thing. A mistake can be committed unintentionally; a crime requires premeditation. They are tremendously different realities. More than fear of one's own weakness, the fear is of the consequences of that weakness, made up, I repeat, of mistakes and crimes. It costs a lot to assume institutional responsibility and without that it will be very difficult to recover, if possible, some of the lost credibility. 

In this case, as they are of such magnitude, repentance must be accompanied by investigation of them. Without that process of investigation leading to cleansing, no matter how much we look to the future we will not find much hope, because there will always be the suspicion that something was hidden in the past. If we want to learn, let us learn by cleaning up. It will be the only way.

Spain

The youngest, most affected by the pandemic

The XI Barometer of Families in Spain, carried out by GAD3 for The Family Watch Foundation, shows that people under 30 years of age are the age group that has sought psychological help most often for problems derived from the pandemic.

Maria José Atienza-January 10, 2022-Reading time: 4 minutes

People under 30 years of age have been the age group most affected by the consequences that the coronavirus pandemic has had on Spanish families.

34% of the 18-24 year-olds have needed psychological help and have used anxiolytics for the first time in these months.

Internet: the minefield

One of the points of concern arising from thisBarometer The main reason for the increase in the consumption of "adult" content during the confinement of families is the increase in the consumption of "adult" content during the confinement.

Although this barometer, as highlighted by Sara MoraisThe GAD3 general director, who does not measure consumption but rather perception, is striking in that 68.7% of those surveyed consider that this type of behavior has increased during confinement. More than half of them also highlight the ease of access to inappropriate content through digital film and entertainment platforms.

Internet access through mobile devices, at an increasingly younger age, is a key concern for Spanish families.

Parents point to the growth of harmful behaviors such as excessive use and time spent on social networks.

The most feared problems focus on the exposure of their image, insults and insults and the inability to filter inappropriate content. They also point to possible changes in self-esteem derived from the perceived idealization of influencer profiles.

Within this area, 85% of those interviewed are in favor of increasing the regulation of advertising with minors, especially with regard to the image of minors on television and networks.

About 80% of respondents believe that advertising shows preteens with adult attitudes and that a sexualized image of preteens is given.

In this line, Maria José OlestiThe general manager of the The Family Watch Foundation pointed out the Foundation's work with operators and political parties to ensure that, when contracting an Internet line, access to certain content is limited by default, as is already the case in other countries.

Starting a family, yes, but for the long term.

Starting a family still seems to be a particularly difficult task in the eyes of younger people. Those under the age of 45 give priority to financial stability and further education over starting a family.

In this sense, eight out of ten interviewees think that there are more difficulties in forming a
Only half of those surveyed say that starting a family is well valued socially and in the workplace, especially among those over 45 years of age.

This negative perception of the social and support environment is one of the most important obstacles to the formation of families in their 30s and 40s. As Olesti points out: "If we don't offer young people opportunities and make it easier for them to start a family and even become independent, it will be difficult for them to consider having children".

Olesti also alludes to the physical and emotional toll that the pandemic has taken on families. Something that makes evident "the need to reflect on the family and family policies" so that these are really effective and help families.

Light at the end of the tunnel

Although the data are far from the perceptions prior to the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic in 2019, the GAD3 study reveals a slight optimism in Spanish families. In this sense, the percentage increase among those under 45 years of age in relation to starting a family stands out.

If last year, at the height of the pandemic and with total confinement still recent, only 26% of respondents in this age group considered the possibility of starting a family in the next few years, this point has risen in this edition to 46%, although it still lags behind issues such as prospering in professional life or furthering one's studies.

There is also a perceived increase in the belief in the improvement of the economic situation, both at the household and national levels. A year ago, the outlook of the majority of respondents showed a negative picture of the overall economic future at 65%. In this edition, the perception of an overall economic downturn has dropped to 42.7%. Those who think their personal situation will improve in the coming months has also risen to 24%.

In the words of Morais, "Spaniards have resumed their life plans that had been held back by the pandemic, such as buying a house, a car or starting a family".

The general manager of GAD3 emphasizes that in the coming months, economic indicators such as real estate, which have been halted by the pandemic, will increase.

Methodology

The Family Barometer is conducted through telephone surveys, carried out in the second half of last December. The surveys were made to 601 households throughout the country, including the Autonomous Cities of Ceuta and Melilla.

The Vatican

Former residence of the popes opens to the public

Rome Reports-January 10, 2022-Reading time: < 1 minute
rome reports88

The Lateran Apostolic Palace, next to the basilica of the same name which is the cathedral of Rome, was the residence of the popes from the fourth to the fourteenth century.

The building was rebuilt in the sixteenth century under the pontificate of Sixtus V who made it his summer residence. It currently houses the offices of the diocese of Rome. Its interior has been opened to the public with guided tours organized by the Missionaries of Divine Revelation.


AhNow you can enjoy a 20% discount on your subscription to Rome Reports Premiumthe international news agency specializing in the activities of the Pope and the Vatican.
Books

In a state of grace

Manuel Casado recommends reading the new collection of poems by Carmelo Guillén, of which it could be said that each page "drips life and sings life".

Manuel Casado Velarde-January 10, 2022-Reading time: 3 minutes

Carmelo Guillén Acosta (Seville, 1955) gives us a new book of poems. After his compilation volume Learning to love. Complete (revised) poetry 1977-2007 (2007) and its subsequent releases (Life is the secret2009, and Redemptions, of 2017), In a state of grace is a book of enthusiastic celebration of human fullness thanks to the Incarnation. Parodying the words of Dámaso Alonso's sonnet about Lope de Vega, it could be said that each page of this collection of poems "drips life and sings life". Love and light invade and vivify everything.

If for Quevedo "all the everyday is much and ugly", Guillén Acosta's poetry is a hymn to "the value / of each thing, however fragile it may be" (13), to the sacredness of matter and the prosaic, in which he aspires to "feel the snap of the insignificant, / its everydayness", "that which drives me not to long for / another life different from this one in which I now live" (16), because in it everything is "tightly woven into our workmanship" (61). 

Book

Title: In a state of grace
AuthorCarmelo Guillén Acosta
Editorial: Renaissance
Pages: 72
City and year: Seville, 2021

If it were not a cliché, and if the author had not already given ample evidence to say so, we would have to consider that we are before a book of full maturity, of mastery of expressive resources, always, of course, at the service of the core of meaning. 

In the pages of this book the reader encounters the most categorical lie to an "ojalatera mysticism". The poet surrenders himself "point-blank to the tiny instant, / to the fleetingness of time, to so many facts / that barely peek out and fall into oblivion" (22); all this "in a present / that tastes like eternity" (23), "that never ends, similar / to the love of God, whose exercise / I discover without ceasing in this world / to the rhythmic beat of my life" (25). In order to discover this God who "disguises himself as routine" (Insaustiti dixit), it is necessary to be "contemplative, / that clairvoyance that silence brings, / that final harmony with everything created" (27), which allows us to remain "faithful to the insignificant, / to the palpitation of daily life", and "to see how life / impels me to give myself to the little things, / to its simple and fragile breathing" (29). 

In times like those of today, with the advent of the "non-things" of the digital sphere, in which the real becomes liquid, loses density and vanishes, and in which we have become blind to the silent, habitual, minute realities (Byung-Chul Han), the poetry of Guillén Acosta invites us to anchor ourselves in being, in the solidity of the living rock.

The general celebratory tone, with the mastery of rhythm to which the author has accustomed us, bursts out on occasions in songs like this one: "Who would have thought / that these tiny things, / microscopic almost, / without any interest [...], would accompany me / in my daily struggle / until the end of my days, / and that they would be the key / that would open the door / narrow after my death" (30).

Guillén Acosta's poetry is not a way of expressing himself: it is a way of living, a contemplative, hopeful, grateful life, open to the great gift of human existence. A life, in short, dedicated, that "to give oneself to another person is, without a doubt, / the shortest way to reach happiness" (57). It is a poetry that speaks to the deepest human needs, because it springs from the "very living waters of life," as St. Teresa of Avila says.

If it is true that, as F.-X. Bellamy writes, time devoted to contemplation is the only thing that can save our world today, the book of poems In a state of grace operates in the reader the perlocutionary effect of making him value his own life, "revealing to him in time what escapes time", that is, what is permanent, actual, eternal. Here, precisely, lies, as Hölderlin warned ("what remains is founded by poets"), the essence of poetry. It is a necessary function today more than ever, when we are moving here and there, with the vertigo of an ambulance, but without fixed points and firm ground to anchor ourselves to. It is no wonder, then, that there is such a sense of absurdity and hopelessness. And so much dispensable medicalization.

If someone were to ask me why I like this book by Guillén Acosta, the answer that comes to me spontaneously is: because it helps me to glimpse the thickness of what, in my daily life, seems trivial and inane; because it helps me to better understand my life and my vocation as an ordinary Christian; because it helps me to live.

When turning the last page of this collection of poems, the reader does not know for sure whether he has been reading or praying. In any case, he has experienced that what he has in his hands at any given moment, no matter how often or how painful it may be (because "from time to time it happens: pain gives mouthfuls"), has an unprecedented density if he knows how to conjugate it with the verbs to love and to serve, in active and passive; and he has "made up his mind / that there is no other eternity" (44). 

The authorManuel Casado Velarde

The Vatican

The dream of a totally missionary Church

In his Message for the upcoming World Mission Day, Pope Francis has expressed his desire to begin a stage of the Church that involves all Christians by virtue of their baptism, modern prophets and witnesses who carry the Gospel to the ends of the earth in the power of the Holy Spirit.

Giovanni Tridente-January 10, 2022-Reading time: 3 minutes

A new missionary season involving all Christians by virtue of their baptism, modern prophets and witnesses who carry the Gospel to the ends of the earth in the power of the Holy Spirit. This is the dream that Pope Francis conveyed to the universal Church in his Message for the upcoming World Mission Day, released on Epiphany Day, January 6 of this new year.

The event will take place, as usual, on the penultimate Sunday of October, a month notoriously dedicated to missions, and this year it will fall on the 23rd. The theme chosen is taken from verse 8 of the Acts of the Apostles, "So that you may be my witnesses", which records the last conversation of the risen Jesus with the disciples before his Ascension into Heaven.

These words - Pope Francis writes in the Message - represent "the central point, the heart of Jesus' teaching to his disciples in view of his mission in the world". And they are a constant invitation to every baptized person if he or she wants to be a true witness to Christ. Here arises "the identity of the Church", which is built not in isolation in the individual members, but in community, as St. Paul VI already indicated in the Evangelii Nuntiandi.

As for the essence of this mission - the Pontiff explains - it translates into "bearing witness to Christ, that is, to his life, passion, death and resurrection, out of love for the Father and for humanity". It is a warning for every Christian, who is called, in short, not to communicate himself or his own gifts and abilities, but to "offer Christ with words and actions, announcing to all the Good News of his salvation with joy and frankness, like the first Apostles".

True witnesses

This can also mean, at times, suffering "martyrdom", not necessarily bloody, but it is the most concrete way of being true witnesses. It is not by chance that in evangelization "the example of Christian life and the proclamation of Christ go together", like the two lungs with which a community that considers itself truly missionary must breathe, Pope Francis stresses in his Message.

The Pope then reflects again on the need to go beyond the "usual places" of evangelization, since there are still geographical areas where the Christian message has not yet reached. At the same time, we must also consider all those social and existential horizons, those "borderline" human situations that nourish a desire, even if it is not expressed, to encounter Christ.

Obviously, it is necessary to count on the constant inspiration of the Holy Spirit, because he is "the true protagonist of the mission", who gives strength to his disciples and knows how to give "the right word, at the right time and in the right way".

In this perspective, the Pope invites us to live also the different missionary anniversaries that fall in this year 2022. Among them, the 400th anniversary of the creation of the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda Fide, "a providential intuition" that already in 1622 made it possible to carry out the Church's evangelizing mission far from the interference of worldly powers.

Two centuries later, the French Pauline Jaricot - who will be beatified on May 22 - founded the Association for the Propagation of the Faith, which allowed individual believers to participate actively in the missions through a fruitful network of prayer and collections for missionaries. From that first seed was born today's World Mission Day.

Witnesses killed

This anniversary can also be an opportunity to remember the many witnesses who give their lives for the missions every year, being killed in contexts of violence, social inequality, exploitation and moral and environmental degradation: parish priests, priests engaged in social works, religious, but also many lay people and catechists.

Each year, their stories are collected in a dossier published by Fides. In 2021, for example, 22 missionaries were killed in the world, 13 priests, 1 religious, 2 nuns and 6 lay people, most of them in Africa, but also in America, Asia and one case in Europe. People who gave witness to Christ until the last moment of their lives, often in those geographical and existential peripheries far from conventional places, as the Church invites and as true mission demands.

Culture

Gershom Scholem (1897-1982). Jewish revelation and tradition

In these years of rediscovery of Jewish tradition and culture by the Catholic world, a key author for understanding Jewish thought today -and its tensions and conflicts- is Gershom Scholem, who is a relatively little known figure in Spain.

Jaime Nubiola-January 10, 2022-Reading time: 4 minutes

Gerhard Scholem did everything in his power to be as Jewish as possible. He was born in 1897 into an assimilated German-Jewish family, for whom Jewishness was nothing more than the traditions of their ancestors. Therefore, the young Scholem's quest was seen as an act of rebellion, a sign of his interests in the Jewish world. too Jews. Proof of this is his rejection of the name "Gerhard" and its replacement by the much more Jewish name "Gershom".

He studied mathematics, philosophy and oriental languages before finding his favorite subject of study: Kabbalah, the system of interpretation of the occult doctrines of the Jewish mystical tradition. He participated in Zionist groups from a young age. He claimed that for him Zionism was not only a political movement, in favor of the creation of the State of Israel, but a movement of profound renewal of Judaism.

For Scholem, Judaism was something particular, impossible to assimilate to any other culture without destroying itself; the search for that "true Judaism" was what moved him to study the Kabbalah and other historical movements, as well as to join Zionism and move to live in Jerusalem, where he died in 1982, after a prolific academic life at the Hebrew University. His interest in the spiritual renewal of the Jewish people led him to research on history, messianism and Jewish identity and historical mission.

His passion for the past was not merely a scholarly interest: what he hoped to find in history was the renewing force that would make it possible to build the present and thus give the Jewish people new reasons to struggle to exist. Thus he writes in Major trends in Jewish mysticism: "The stories are not yet finished, they have not yet become history, the secret life in them may emerge again in you or me today or tomorrow.".

Scholem considered that the irrefutable proof of the particularity of the Jewish people was their resilienceDespite the vicissitudes of history and the difficult circumstances through which it has had to pass, it has always known how to preserve itself and to preserve its meaning and its mission. "Ultimately this meaning was based on the particular relationship that the chosen people have with God and that tradition preserves and enriches according to historical circumstances."has written César Mora ("Gershom Scholem, rediscoverer of Jewish mysticism", El Ciervo., 2019). For Scholem, it is striking how, under very harsh social circumstances, capable of crushing him, the Jew has reconfigured and developed. He does not attribute this solely to the religious bond, for it seems to him that precisely the present era, marked by secularization, has not been able to make the common bond of the people obsolete.

For Scholem, the specificity of the Jewish people arises largely from God's choice and the message he revealed to them. This revelation is not understood as a single and final moment, but radiates and expresses itself in all of reality and throughout all of history.

Scholem understands revelation as something open-ended, pending its final configuration that will only be understood by looking back: "The word of God, if there is such a thing, represents an absolute, of which it can just as well be said to rest in itself as to move in itself. Its irradiations are present in everything that, everywhere, struggles to express and configure itself... and it is precisely in this difference between what is called the word of God and the human word that the key to revelation is found." (Scholem, There is a Mystery in the World: Tradition and Secularization, p. 18). 

Therefore, revelation is understood by Scholem as something open to interpretation, an encounter of man with the word of God that is infinitely interpretable, that is configured through historical experiences and with them is renewed. Historical experience thus becomes for Judaism something fundamental, where the Jewish people finds its identity and where it encounters revelation.

One of these fundamental moments that imprints identity on the Jewish people would be the revelation of Sinai and, even today, the question about the contents of the revelation and its confrontation with the times is still valid.

For Scholem, revelation adapts itself to historical time and therefore at each moment of history this question must be asked anew and an answer must also be sought in history. Historical experiences necessarily lead the Jew to ask himself about his identity; unlike the Christian, to whom historical circumstances tell him - according to Scholem - nothing about his identity, since his configuring moment - the coming of the Messiah - has already occurred in the past. The present and the future are for the Jew open and radically related to his most intimate identity. Events such as the Shoah are fundamental to understanding Jewish identity today.

For Scholem, revelation is open to the novelty of human creativity. It is not something fixed and that should only be transmitted, but something alive, in a constant relationship with the believing conscience and open to spontaneity. Scholem sees in tradition the secret of the Jewish people, for it represents the union of the old with the new, the acceptance of novelty and its integration into what is already established.

Learning from our "elder brothers in the faith" - as John Paul II liked to call the Jewish people - is a challenge. In this direction, Gershom Scholem is an author who can help us, for he gives us much food for thought.

Latin America

The context of the presidential elections in Chile

After a disputed campaign, the leftist candidate Gabriel Boric has won the majority against José Antonio Kast, lawyer and Catholic politician. The bishops ask him to "govern for all Chileans".

Pablo Aguilera-January 10, 2022-Reading time: 3 minutes

In a hard-fought ballot on Sunday, December 19, José Antonio Kast, a lawyer and Catholic politician, accepted his defeat against his rival, Gabriel Boric, candidate of the extreme left.

In the early morning of Monday 20, the final results were reported: Boric received 55.8 % of the votes, compared to Kast's 44.1 %. The percentage of Chileans who went to the polls in this second round was 56.59%. In the first round of November 21, 47.34 % of the citizens voted; in that round Kast had obtained the first majority, closely followed by Boric.

In his government proposal, Kast presented different strategies to protect life from conception to natural death, to reinforce the preferential right of parents to educate their children and to recognize the culture and identity of indigenous people, among other proposals.

Meanwhile, the government proposal of Boric, standard-bearer of the Frente Amplio and the Communist Party, promises the incorporation of a feminist perspective, the implementation of policies such as the "legal, free, safe and free abortion"and modifications to the gender identity law, among other ideas.

Boric is in his second term as a deputy and for the 2019 social outburst he signed the Agreement for Peace to meet the demands of the citizenry regarding public policies that allow for greater dignity and that today is translated into the Constitutional Convention to propose a new Constitution for Chile.

In view of the presidential election, the Standing Committee of the Episcopal Conference (CECh), issued a prudent communiqué on December 16, where they offered their prayers for the next president and asked him to "to govern for all Chileans, seeking paths of dialogue, agreement, justice and fraternity.".

Some bishops, individually, reminded their faithful of the ".non-negotiable principlesThe Standing Committee sent its greetings to the winner of the election: "The Church must respect life from conception to death, marriage between a man and a woman, freedom of education, etc.". When the result of the election was known, the Standing Committee sent its greetings to the winner: "I would like to congratulate him on his victory.We pray to God to give you his wisdom and strength, which you will undoubtedly need. The mission is always greater than our possibilities and capacities, but we trust that -with the collaboration of the citizens, the work of the various social and political actors, and the spiritual strength that comes from faith and the deepest human convictions- he will be able to face his task with generosity, commitment and prudence.".

Although Boric's program proposes to make drastic changes in public policies, he will most probably have to negotiate with the opposition, since the latter will have 50 % of the senators in the new Congress. The President and the new parliamentarians will take office next March.

Beyond the outcome of the presidential election, there is something more important to come. The Constituent Convention, which started working last July, should deliver a proposal for a new political Constitution between April and July 2022. Sixty days later this text will be submitted to a plebiscite; for its approval or rejection, 50 % plus one of the votes will be needed.

The Catholic Church and other Christian denominations, Jews, Muslims and others are collecting the 15,000 signatures required to support a proposal on religious freedom to the Convention. This proposal was submitted in writing last October.

The president of the Bishops' Conference, Cardinal Archbishop of Santiago Celestino Aós reflected on this situation in his Christmas message, emphasizing welcoming, listening and dialogue: "We are in another: busy with our chores and political and social plans, angry in our financial adventures and misadventures, discussing religiously about justice and sins, always sins of others, because corruption is in other neighborhoods! The words money, vacations, business, yes, wrapped in viruses and contagion, and ICU beds, etc., ring out and resound. very worried and lamenting that the avalanche of objects and gifts is not so great, and because our celebrations must be limited to the ordered capacities, and without understanding that we all must make our contribution to better organize our coexistence, to put peace where there is violence, respect where there is hatred, honesty where there is corruption, marital fidelity where there is abuse and abandonment, dialogue where insult and disqualification deafen, welcome where migrants suffer rejection. They are everyone's task, it is also your task.".

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The World

Pope's travels in 2022: increasingly a 'bridge builder

As with the consistories of cardinals, or now with the reform of the Roman Curia, and of course on the occasion of the conclaves, the expectation of the Holy Father's travels in 2022, brings with it a point of intrigue, of mystery. The apostolic journeys of Pope Francis are a sowing of fraternity and unity, and show him, more and more, to be Pontifex.

Rafael Miner-January 9, 2022-Reading time: 7 minutes

The evolution of the pandemic is marking the Pope's visits to various places in Italy and around the world. For this reason, the Holy See cannot schedule these trips as far in advance as it would like. However, Francis has been slipping in some of his wishes, and the audiences offer some clues.

In writing these lines about possible trips of the Pope in this year that is beginning, with the help of Giovanni TridenteOmnes correspondent in Italy, was thinking of three scenes from 2021. The first, his words on the plane returning from his historic visit to Iraq at the beginning of March, which we will now see.

Second, the consecration of the modern church of St. John the Baptist, a novena in the United Arab Emirates, in December, just days before the inauguration of the grand cathedral of Our Lady of Arabia in Bahrain, which the Pope will inaugurate in December. has thanked King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa.

And the third, Pope Francis' meeting with the Orthodox Metropolitan, president of the Moscow Patriarchate's Department for External Relations, Hilarion Alfeyev, which took place on December 22, in the study of the Paul VI Hall. For an hour, they reaffirmed "the spirit of fraternity" and the common commitment to "seek concrete human and spiritual answers," the Vatican Press Office noted.

With Orthodox Patriarch Kirill

At the meeting, Metropolitan Hilarion conveyed to the Pope his best wishes, both personally and on behalf of Patriarch Kirill., for his 85th birthday. The Pontiff welcomed these greetings "with gratitude," expressing "sentiments of affection and closeness to the Russian Church" and to Kirill himself, who recently turned 75. The Holy Father recalled "the path of fraternity we have traveled together and the conversation we had in Havana in 2016."

In this climate, which continues that maintained by the Holy Father with the highest representatives of the Orthodox Church in Cyprus and Greece, one of the possible places that the Vatican Secretariat of State is considering for a meeting between Pope Francis and Patriarch Kirill could be the Abbey of Pannhonalma (Hungary), a place of strong ecumenical tradition, perhaps in September, or even in the first half of this year. Its abbot is Cyril Tamas Horotobagyi, and he has been in Rome in December. Other possible venues for such a meeting would be Finland and even Kazakhstan, although the country is now embroiled in a crisis. "I am always willing, I am also willing to go to Moscow. There are no protocols for dialogue with a brother," the Pope said recently, Rome Reports reports.

Reminiscing Iraq

"I traveled to Iraq knowing the risks, but after much prayer, I made the decision freely. It has been like getting out of prison.", said Pope Francis on the plane returning from his visit to the land of Abraham in March 2021, after fifteen months in seclusion in the Vatican, without receiving the faithful in audiences.

The stay of the Common Father of Catholics on Iraqi soil left us some important lessons, which we summarize in Omnes, and also offer some keys for his next trips. Perhaps the first is this: to think of others, of the Iraqi people, to travel even when everything seemed against him, to go to comfort and console them. A work of mercy.

The second was compassion, like Jesus shortly before the multiplication of the loaves and fishes, as read in this Saturday's Gospel. A few years ago, in October 2015, shortly before the convocation of the Holy Year of Mercy, the Pope said in Santa Marta: God. "he has compassion, he has compassion for each one of us; he has compassion for humanity and has sent his Son to heal it."

Compassion was at the heart of the prayers of Pope Francis, Pontifex, in the plains of Nineveh and Ur, for so many people, especially Christians, who have suffered "the tragic consequences of war and hostility". And in Mosul, where the Pope spoke of cruelty: "It is cruel that this country, the cradle of civilization, has been hit by such an inhuman storm, with ancient places of worship destroyed and thousands and thousands of people (Muslims, Christians, Yazidis and others), forcibly evicted and killed.". Hours later, on the flight back to Rome, he would tell reporters: "I did not imagine the ruins of Mosul, I was speechless." Some photo, which you can see in this web siteis really shocking.

"We have to forgive."

There, in Hosh-al-Bieaaa, the square of the four churches (Syriac-Catholic, Armenian-Orthodox, Syriac-Orthodox and Chaldean) of Mosul, destroyed between 2014 and 2017 by terrorist attacks, Francis solemnly affirmed that. "fraternity is stronger than fratricide, hope is stronger than death, peace is stronger than war.""This conviction can never be silenced in the blood shed by those who profane the name of God by walking paths of destruction."

Last but not least (last but not least), we said, forgiveness. "Almighty God, open our hearts to mutual forgiveness, make us instruments of reconciliation."prayed in the ancient Ur of Abraham, together with a hundred representatives of Islam, Judaism and Christianity, in a historic interreligious meeting.

Lebanon, Kazakhstan, India...

After the messages that the Pope has left us also in Cyprus or near the Athenian Acropolis, in Lesbos, and before that in Budapest and Slovakia, Pope Francis has cried out in parallel for peace and stability in the land of the cedars, Lebanon. The conditions for such a visit are not yet likely to be in place, at least in the first half of the year. But Francis wants to go to the Mediterranean country.

In early August, one year after the terrible explosion that devastated the port of Beirut, leaving nearly 200 dead and thousands injured, the Pope publicly renewed his commitment to visit Lebanon in the near future. "Dear Lebanese," he said in the Paul VI Hall, "my desire to visit you is great. I never tire of praying for you, asking that Lebanon may once again be a message of fraternity, a message of peace for the entire Middle East".

Kazakhstan (Central Asia) will host the Seventh Meeting of the Leaders of Traditional Religions on September 14-15, and it should be recalled that the President of the Senate recently visited the Pope in Rome. However, the current political conditions of the country do not seem ideal for a papal visit, as has been pointed out. However, nothing can be ruled out.

Let us also mention India. At the end of October, the Pope received the Prime Minister of the Indian Republic, Narendra Modi, who then greeted Cardinal Pietro Parolin, Vatican Secretary of State, and Archbishop Paul Richard Gallagher, Secretary for Relations with States: "In the course of a brief conversation," the communiqué noted, "they referred to the cordial relations existing between the Holy See and India". However, there is no concrete date for an eventual visit.

Santiago de Compostela, Canada

Two probable trips of the Pope in the summer of this year are Santiago de Compostela and Canada. In the extensive interview with Carlos Herrera, 'Herrera en Cope', at the beginning of September, the Pope said his desire to travel to Santiago in the summer of 2022 to address an appeal to Europe. "To the president of the Xunta de Galicia I promised to think about the matter," the Pontiff commented. "For me the unity of Europe at the moment is a challenge. Either Europe continues to refine and improve in the European Union, or it disintegrates." The ideal framework could be the end of the European Youth Pilgrimage, which concludes on August 6 and 7.

Francis reiterated in the conversation that its objective is to continue to give priority to visiting small European countries.. Therefore, "I went to Strasbourg but I did not go to France. I went to Strasbourg for the European Union. And if I go to Santiago, I go to Santiago, but not to Spain, let it be clear". Although some media do not rule out the possibility that the Pope, a Jesuit after all, may agree to visit Manresa (or Loyola) at the conclusion of the Ignatian Year, which commemorates the 500th anniversary of the conversion of St. Ignatius of Loyola, as Omnes has reported.

Another possible visit is the Pope's trip to Canada, in North America, which has to do with an issue that has shaken the Church in recent years: the serious abuse of minors. The Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops has invited the Holy Father to make an apostolic visit within the context of the pastoral process of reconciliation being carried out with the indigenous population, following their mistreatment by Catholic communities in the 19th century, which included the discovery of more than a thousand unmarked graves with the remains of indigenous children.

Ukraine, Montenegro, Malta, South Sudan, Congo...

There is also talk of a trip to Ukraine before the summer. At Christmas, Francis said that "the metastases of a gangrenous conflict" should not be allowed to spread in Ukraine, because of the tensions between Kiev and Moscow, which give rise to fears of a military escalation. And he also recalled the "forgotten" tragedies of the conflict in Yemen and Syria, which "has caused many victims and an incalculable number of refugees". Ukrainian Catholics take the Pope's trip almost for granted, in order to avoid a conflict with Russia.

Moreover, since before the pandemic, His Holiness had been planning trips to Montenegro, Malta, Indonesia, East Timor, Papua New Guinea (Oceania), and perhaps even more insistently, to the Republic of Congo and South Sudan, on the African continent.

Florence (Mediterranean region), and Rome.

A first meeting this year will be the Pope's meeting in Florence with bishops and mayors of the Mediterranean region at the end of February, in which refugees and their families will also participate, so that this area will once again become "a symbol of unity and not a border".

The event continues the mission launched by the Italian Episcopate in Bari in February 2020, on the verge of the pandemic, with the meeting "Mediterranean, frontier of peace" which, for the first time in history, brought together the bishops of the Mare Nostrumunited by the desire to tear down the walls that separate nations, reports the official Vatican agency.

Moreover, in June of this year, without moving from Rome, will take place the X Meeting of Familieswith the theme 'Family love: vocation and path to holiness'. A meeting that had to be postponed in 2020 because of the pandemic and that will have a multicenter and extended modality, "favoring the involvement of diocesan communities around the world".

"Four or five trips out of Italy."

Pope Francis begins this year, which will mark nine years since his election, with the preparation of "four or five" trips outside Italy, during which he could visit Oceania and Canada for the first time, among other destinations, the Télam news agency reported, although he has in mind trips "to the Congo and Hungary".

"In addition, I still have to pay the overdue bill for the trip to Papua New Guinea and East Timor," the Holy Father added, referring to the visit originally scheduled for 2020, but suspended because of the pandemic.

"You have to go to the periphery if you want to see the world as it is," the Pope pointed out about his way of traveling in the book 'Let's Dream Together', in which he added: "I always thought that one sees the world more clearly from the periphery, but in these last seven years as Pope, I ended up proving it. To find a new future you have to go to the periphery".

Father S.O.S

Deserts that refresh

The ordinary thing in the development of the spiritual life is to pass through the desert. It was done by the Jewish people, John the Baptist, Christ and many others who have come after him. The spiritual desert can be confused with an existential crisis, with a depression or with a dark night. It can also overlap with all of them.

Carlos Chiclana-January 9, 2022-Reading time: 3 minutes

You can go through personal, marital, vocational, spiritual, institutional, etc. deserts. There the conditions are spartan, it is very cold and very hot, there is little company, the food is precarious, time passes slowly, silence prevails, there is dust and bugs, they are inhospitable, austere and unpleasant places. It is logical to complain and seek comfort, whether it is a golden calf, turning stones into bread or crying for the leeks and onions you used to eat.

And at the same time, remember that you are passing through, that you will leave behind something that was left over, that you know it is a desert because you have known other places and you can compare. The fact that you are there now does not cancel or deny what you have lived before, but rather reinforces, affirms and contrasts it. That it was different before also reaffirms that you are now in that desolate place. The emotional dryness of this season contrasts with the wise conscience that connaturally points out the truth. The desert is a lonely place where only God meets you at dawn after having contemplated you while you slept. 

Don't be afraid of it, it's scary, yes, and go for it because it's good for us even if we don't understand it. 

1.- It threatens to destructure your life. It seems that everything is over, that nothing makes sense anymore, that everything before was false. Great uneasiness and/or subtle deceptive approaches will appear: disillusionment, tiredness, existential questioning or amendment to the totality.

2.- It questions. To go through it means to discern again. Yes, again. What is wheat and what is tares, what is straight and what is crooked, what is light and what is shadow, the demons and the wild beasts ask you, if it is this way or the other. It is a lucid deliberation in which, at the same time, you know and you don't know, you see and you don't see. 

3.- Awaken the spirit so that you can start again, and really start. It is the preamble to a new spiritual path, to return to the essential and make things new. Do not deny the past, you know where you come from, even sometimes running away from the Egyptian on duty. The sun burns your old skin and a new one appears. You are thirsty and long for the light; unlike the depressive pictures, where you don't care about anything, here you want to find the truth.

4.- Show the north. To see the stars well, the more darkness the better. It seems - so say the mystics who enlighten us with their dark nights - that He does not exempt from the fecund blackness of the blind man who recovers his sight. The lack of light on earth allows you to see the stars in the sky, where the Polar remains at your service. If you trust the night with your time and wait, in the end, it always surprises you with the gift of dawn. There is hope, in the face of the hopelessness of depression.

5.- It clears and stuns at the same time. It generates confusion at first: what is going on? Little by little it centers you and allows you not to be distracted because there is little noise there, with so much emptiness around. It frees you from weights that are not necessary to move forward. In silence the word is better heard. Without so much complement the Word is more authentic and you know it is there, even if you feel almost nothing spiritually, and in other areas of your life you are still as alive as ever.

6.- Wanderlust. When you find yourself so sold out you have two options: either you wake up and continue walking to live, or you abandon yourself and die for the desert nothingness. This scenario offers you a full life according to the spirit, because the material, structural, institutional or task supports are few, unappetizing and little satisfying. The desert does not lull you to sleep like the alterations of the state of mind.

7.- Detach. To be able to advance through the sands it is necessary to detach oneself from what is not essential: occupations, errands, activities, distractions. It is frightening because it seems that there will be nothing left, but there will be you and God who, moreover, in the midst of the depopulation, will say to you with a half smile "feed them", when all you have left are rags, much hunger and thirst.

8.- Go inside. As the outside of the desert is of little interest and is always the same, it is necessary to stop looking outside for what you have inside. Thus, it places you in a propitious scenario for the encounter with yourself, with your own truth, and to see that there inside they were already waiting for you for the wedding. However, in depression you are not able to reflect.

9.- Rename. With so many stones around, at the end you see your name written on all the little white stones. A new name, after the hero's journey, which turns out to be the same name as before. 

Thus, you make history, you build your history, and you come out of the desert awake, vitalized and with that look -comprehensive, amazed and appreciative- about yourself, others and life, which allows you to enjoy every drop of water much more.

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Children, like Jesus, are light

January 9, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

"Children help children", this has been and is the alma mater of the Pontifical Work of Missionary Childhood (formerly known as Holy Childhood). Sometimes the verb was changed to "children evangelize children".

This year, the Day of this Pontifical Work, which will take place on January 16, has chosen the theme, "With Jesus to Jerusalem: Light for the world!"

We will recall the last known detail of the Lord's infancy: when Jesus as a child stays in Jerusalem, answering and enlightening the doctors and teachers of the law. He is the true Light of the world who enlightens those who live in darkness and in the shadow of death.

Today there are many children in the world who live in darkness, who do not have the faith, the hope, the love that comes from knowing God. They too must have the joy of knowing that they are loved by a God who is Father. They are many, they are the majority, they are too many. And we can help them, and so we must teach them to our children. Do you remember Teresita? Yes, the little missionary girl! She wanted to be a missionary: "I want to bring Jesus to the children who do not know him, so that they may go to heaven happily ever after, always." Children can be missionaries, be light to bring Jesus to those who do not know him. And they do it by praying for the children who do not know God; and they do it by offering small or big sacrifices for the missionaries, as Therese did; and they do it when they give a small alms to help the missions.... 

Children are missionaries when they speak with simplicity and with a smile about God and about what they ask of him or what they thank him for in their prayers; sometimes they are the ones who best give a great testimony of faith and trust in God, and sometimes they are the ones who best understand that we must be concerned about others, that we must widen our hearts to be attentive to the needs of other children, even if they are far away.

The authorJosé María Calderón

Director of the Pontifical Mission Societies in Spain.

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Cinema

Is there a perfect family? �

Exciting without falling into sentimentality, "Vicino a te" develops according to a discreet, simple and effective scene, which has no other intention than to tell a story in the most realistic way possible.

Patricio Sánchez-Jáuregui-January 8, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

Testo originale in inglese qui

John, a thirty-five year old single father and a mixed-race car wash, is an Irishman with only a few months to live. Preparing for what is coming, he spends most of his time trying to find a new family for his three year old son, Michael. Pressed between the need to say goodbye, the protective instinct and an impossible decision, he will seek the assistance of the Social Services' helpers, in particular Shona.

Exciting without falling into sentimentality, "Vicino a te" develops according to a discreet, simple and effective scenery, which has no other intention than to tell a story in the most realistic way possible. It is an opera that successfully avoids lapsing into drama and confronts paternity, death and the father-figure relationship, providing clear but painful guidance.

Edificant in its own way, it is a simple story, but told in a special way, which is attentive to the fatalism of Italian neorealism (Vittorio De Sica), as well as to the ravishing and documentary technique of the English (Mike Leigh) and European (Dardenne brothers) for social cinema.

The presupposition of the film, perhaps a bit predictable and which could lead the film into melodrama, is managed with a sober, attentive and clear narration, which allows to put in light the humanity of its characters. It is the witnesses and the small details of daily life that give a realistic tone to the story and that coinvolve.

The film features an excellent James Norton (Piccole donne, guerra e pace), the young Daniel Lamont as his son, and Eileen O'Higgins as Shona. The film is a great example of this, which helps to channel the audience's empathy towards what is about to happen and when it happens and the emotion is too high (last desires, last moments), these are moments that are managed, avoiding, wisely, to emphasize them. Former business banker and Luchino Visconti's nipote, Uberto Pasolini is a multi-awarded filmmaker, stage designer and producer who directs and writes this critically acclaimed social work (his third film as a filmmaker). A film close to a documentary, which successfully manages emotions without falling into sentimentality where the characters and the story are well harmonized creating a film of rare quality.

Cinema

Is there such a thing as a perfect family?

Patricio Sánchez-Jáuregui-January 8, 2022-Reading time: 2 minutes

Close to you

Direction and scriptUberto Pasolini
Country: Italy
Year: 2021

Text in Italian here

A thirty-five-year-old single father and window cleaner, John is an Irishman with only a few months to live. Preparing for what's ahead, he spends most of his time trying to find a new family for his three-year-old son, Michael. Caught between the need to say goodbye, the protective instinct, and an impossible decision, he will seek the assistance of Social Services employees, especially Shona.

Emotional without falling into sentimentality, "Close to you." thrives on a discreet, simple and effective script, which has no pretensions beyond telling a story as realistically as possible. It is a piece that successfully avoids falling into drama, and deals with fatherhood, death and the father-son relationship with accurate but soft stitches.

Edificant in its own way, it is a modest story told in a special way, which draws from the fatalism of Italian neorealism (Vittorio De Sica), as well as from the close and documentary technique of British (Mike Leigh) and European (Dardenne brothers) social cinema.

The film's premise, perhaps a bit hackneyed and lends itself to pocket melodrama, is maintained thanks to a sober, careful and clear-sighted technique, which reveals the humanity of its characters. It is the actors and the small details of everyday life that give the film a realistic and engaging quality.

Thus, we find an enormous James Norton (Little Women, War and Peace)A creditable acting and directing performance with his son, Daniel Lamont, and an anecdotal accompaniment by Eileen O'Higgins (Shona) that helps to channel the audience's empathy for the impending and produce compassion for the inevitable, which weighs on the simple moments and overflows in the few characteristically emotional moments (last wishes, last moments) that are well chosen and wisely not overplayed.

Former investment banking employee, and nephew of Luchino Visconti, Uberto Pasolini is a multi-award winning director, screenwriter and producer who directs and writes this critically acclaimed social work (his third film as director). A film close to a documentary, direct, that handles emotions well without falling into sentimentality, and whose actors and moments are perfectly matched, creating a memorable film.

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