The deception of feminism

What today's feminism has brought with it is division among us, perhaps to entertain us while our "allies" get their way at our expense.

March 8, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

Women have been fooled by feminism. We have been sold so much smoke that it is difficult for us to see anything clearly. We have been fooled that we are the most empowered and free generation of women in history, but at the same time we are still totally subjected to the patriarchal order. But at the same time we are still totally subjected to the patriarchal order. Where do we stand? 

A few days ago the image of some women in Spain went viral demanding that girls should be allowed to wear the Islamic veil in schools and universities. It is surprising that there are still those who think that being completely covered, leaving only space for the eyes, is a symbol of freedom.

If you couple this claim with the affiliation to a political party that has covered up for several sex offenders, you realize that the joke tells itself. They want us "free and empowered" amidst the smoke, where we can't even see who we really are or what we need as women.

Feminism by color

At a time when people are trying to eliminate the existence of our sex, claiming that gender is a construction and that being a woman means nothing, it is time to claim a femininity that is perfectly known. And not to know oneself in that perverted sense that they want to inculcate so much in our little girls, but to really know that femininity that goes beyond political and ideological claims, that does not carry a flag or corporate colors.

It makes no sense that the vindication of women's dignity belongs only to certain political signs, as if not agreeing with these ideologies immediately makes you an enemy of your own sex. What today's feminism has brought with it is division among us, perhaps to entertain us while our "allies" get their way at our expense.

The current feminism brings division also with the male, pointing to all as potential enemies. The problem is not men, the problem is bad men (which there are, no doubt). Identifying one part of the group as the whole is a tactic used since ancient times... And from recent history, we know that it has never led to anything good.

Is there such a thing as a woman?

But they continue to try to deceive us, pointing fingers elsewhere so that we do not see that those who denounce the problem are in many cases the creators of it. They continue to sell smoke, while statistics and reality put before us the truth: today's feminism does not work because it is flawed at its roots. Because if women do not exist, if we do not accept that there is something inherent to our femininity, feminism makes no sense (something denounced by the Catholic Association of Propagandists in its campaign for 8M 2025).

It is true that there are feminist currents that do not accept the elimination of women. Perhaps these are a little better on track, but they are still part of the deception. We have to dissipate the smoke and recover the clarity of concepts. We must recover the pride of being a woman, without victimhood and without political colors.

Recovering our femininity

Let us not allow ourselves to be convinced that being a woman is the same as being a victim of the patriarchy. That is submission. Let us not continue to swallow the deception that men are the enemy. Let us not allow ourselves to be eliminated from sports competitions, television and books, as if being a woman meant nothing. Let us not allow ourselves to be considered free and empowered until we, freely, decide get married with a man, have children or quit a job.

The feminist deception lies in the fact that only some seem to have the power to tell us what it is to be a woman, if such a thing exists. Let's recover what is ours, of all of us, regardless of our beliefs and contexts. Less 8M, protests and chants, and more claiming that women exist and there is nothing wrong with that.

The authorPaloma López Campos

Editor-in-Chief of Omnes

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Culture

A small jewelry box for the Virgin Mary

There are compositions that, because of their small dimensions and the high value of the music they contain, can be compared to small jewelry boxes. Marc Antoine Charpentier, French baroque composer, enclosed in his "Litanies" a valuable collection of tiny pearls and musical jewels. A beautiful musical gift to the Virgin Mary, who, in addition to great choral works, has dedicated small marvels such as the one that occupies us in this review.

Antonio de la Torre-March 8, 2025-Reading time: 5 minutes

Those who have followed the Eurovision broadcasts some decades ago will be familiar with the stately fanfare that precedes them, evocative of times of greater luster and grandeur. It is the prelude composed by Marc Antoine Charpentier for his monumental "Te Deum", written in the 1690s. It is certainly the score by this composer best known to the general public, even to those who are not fond of classical music.

However, this very interesting French composer, who lived between 1643 and 1704, has to his credit a much larger catalog, full of charming surprises. One of them is the small composition dedicated to the Virgin Mary that we present in this review, and whose context is interesting to know to appreciate it better.

From Rome to Paris

A large part of Charpentier's musical training took place at Rome. It was there that he discovered the value of the new music developed by Monteverdi at the beginning of the 17th century for evangelization and the aesthetic expression of religious experience. Charpentier knows the Roman environments of the Oratory of St. Philip Neri, who, as is well known, gave great importance to music as an element of catechesis, evangelization and promotion of an attractive liturgy. Composers of great talent between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, such as Tomás Luis de Victoria and Giacomo Carissimi, knew and shared this vision of religious music, which gives more importance to emotion, melody and theological symbolism than to structure, counterpoint and displays of choral or vocal virtuosity.

Therefore, when Charpentier returns to France, to be placed among the musical staff of Versailles, he already has an interesting catalog of religious music, and has developed an elegant, melodic, emotive style of great aesthetic and symbolic persuasion in order to express the faith musically. These traits will appear again and again in small details of the Litanies that we are going to listen to.

A small-format jewel

Among the spaces dedicated to religious music, the Jesuit college in Paris, as in Rome, stood out. From the Oratory the disciples of St. Ignatius had learned the expressive and evangelizing power of the new music, which they were to spread and promote throughout Europe and its American and Asian colonies. It is possible, therefore, that Charpentier composed this musicalization of the Lauretan Litanies for the Marian Congregation of the Jesuit school in Paris. This association in honor of the Virgin is typical of all the colleges founded by the Society of Jesus, and this scholastic, or academic, environment explains why the "Litanies of the Virgin" is a small-format composition. As for the musical staff, it consists of four or five instruments and nine vocal soloists. As for its duration, it can be interpreted in fifteen minutes. We are certainly far from the solemn compositions dedicated to the liturgical functions of Versailles, as can be seen by comparing these "Litanies" with the "Litanies of the Virgin". withfor example, the splendid "Grands Motets" by Lully.

The text of the composition, as is evident, is the Litany of the Virgin Mary which comes from the Sanctuary of the Holy House of Loreto, and which since the time of Clement VIII (decree "Quoniam multi" of 1601) can be considered the traditionally official version of this prayer to the Virgin Mary, which has been set to music countless times since then. This text begins with a brief penitential act and an invocation to the Holy Trinity, which Charpentier precedes with a very short instrumental prelude. In this one we can see the expressive impact that he manages to transmit with only two violas and the continuo (normally played with a viola da gamba, a theorbo and a positive organ).

This serene and prayerful prelude leads us to the penitential invocations by the female soloists, which in the symbolism of Charpentier's music seem to evoke the Church Bride imploring Mercy from the Lord. Next, the same soloists invoke the Holy Trinity in a very elaborate way. The lowest voice, the alto, begins by invoking the Father ("Pater de cælis, Deus"). On its final note, the two sopranos invoke the Son (two voices for the second person of the Trinity: "Fili, Redemptor mundi, Deus"). The cycle returns to its origin when the contralto intervenes again invoking the Holy Spirit ("Spiritus Sancte, Deus"). The three voices then exclaim in unison "Sancta Trinitas", after which only the soprano sings: "Unus Deus". With extreme brevity the instruments echo the last bars of the voices and prepare the beginning of the series of praises to Mary.

Praises to the Virgin Mary

In two and a half minutes Charpentier, faithful to the ideals of the Roman Oratorio, has managed to move the feelings, interest the aesthetic taste, move the symbolic reflection and make the listener, in short, listen to this music as a prayerful experience in which to contemplate the Virgin Mary. Precisely the invocation to Mary, sung by the entire musical staff, serves to make present in sonorous form the image of the Virgin, around which a majestic first series of litanies will be sung, in which the four female soloists and the five male soloists will respond.

This style of facing choirs, or antiphons, is very characteristic of early baroque music, as much in Italy (where it comes from) as in France or Spain. In many places in these "Litanies" you will notice its effects of dynamizing the musical expression, and giving greater depth and resonance to the sound.

The litanies beginning with "Mater" are entrusted to the male soloists, who sing them progressively intertwining over the basso continuo, ending with another very brief instrumental intervention. Charpentier marks the transition from one section of the "Litanies" to the next with small instrumental passages. The "Virgo" litanies are sung, again, in the style of antiphonic choruses. After them begins a dizzying series of praises beginning with "Speculum iustitiæ," in which an ingenious game of musical mirroring between the two sopranos illustrates the text. In this series, one can discover how each of the litanies receives a musical treatment that is as brief as it is illustrative, thus being able to enjoy a beautiful series of musical miniatures on the titles with which the Virgin Mary is invoked. As an example, the three "Vas" litanies sung by the male soloists on the continuo, or the luminous melodies dedicated to the most important titles of the litanies, the "Vas", the "Vas", the "Vas" and the "Vas". celestial of the Virgin: "Rosa mystica", "Domus aurea", "Porta cæli", "Stella matutina"... 

The following series of litanies, of a more mournful and supplicant character, receive a more serene and melancholic music, which reaches an expressive peak of delightful tenderness in the repetition of the invocations "Consolátrix afflictórum", "Auxílium christianórum". They are the only individual invocations repeated in the whole composition, which seems to suggest that for the author they expressed a special spiritual need, easy to understand and share. In marked chiaroscuro, the gloom of this series is contrasted with the luminous joy of the last section, which praises the Virgin as Queen: of angels, patriarchs, prophets, apostles, martyrs, confessors, virgins and all the saints (the invocations contained in the text at that time). The astonishing echoing repetition of the word "Regina" throughout these invocations, as well as the repetition of the whole series, lead to an admirable ending of this chain of supplications and praises to the Virgin Mary. In all the sections the group of invocations ends with the petition "ora pro nobis" (it is therefore not sung after each individual invocation, as is customarily done in the recitative), but in the last section, which sings of Mary as Queen, this petition is sung with greater grandeur, thus reaching the final climax of the praises to the Virgin.

As is typical of litanies, the Marian invocations are followed by a triple "Agnus Dei", composed with simplicity and elegance, giving a serene and confident ending to the whole composition. The last of the three, which sings: "Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundo, miserere nobis", is remarkable for the admirable amplitude of the antiphonic choruses. With this penitential color ends this small chest of praises to the Virgin Mary, which can possibly help to spend a delightful time of musical contemplation with our gaze fixed on the Mother of God.


The authorAntonio de la Torre

Doctor of Theology

Evangelization

Saints Perpetua and Felicidad, young mother martyrs

Saints Perpetua and Felicity, young mothers of small children who needed their care, were martyrs at the beginning of the third century. They put the Lord first during the persecution of Septimius Severus.  

Francisco Otamendi-March 7, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

The martyrdom of these young mothers, Perpetua and Felicity (3rd century), aimed to curb the growth of Christianity. It was forbidden to be a Christian. Now the prohibition was to become a Christian. They wanted to slowing down evangelization of the Church.

Perpetua, a young mother of 22, wrote in prison the diary of her arrest, of the visits she received, of the darkness. And she continued to write until the eve of martyrdom. She was born in Carthage. With her were imprisoned Saturnino, Revocato, Secondulo and Felicidad, a young slave of Perpetua's family, all catechumens.

In Prayer I of the Mass

Perpetua's name appears in the Eucharistic Prayer I, or Roman Canon of the Mass and in the litanies of the Saints. It is debated whether the Felicity that follows Perpetua is the Carthaginian martyr or the Roman namesake, who became in time a companion of martyrdom of Perpetua. The memory was concretized in the two holy women. As mothers of young children, they represented moral fortitude and love for their children. Christian faith.

The acts of martyrdom of the two women, collected from the 'Acts of the Martyrs' (vid. D. Ruiz Bueno, BAC), offer an example of putting the demands of faith before the ties of blood. You can consult it here. Perpetua's writings formed a bookThe story of the two women, 'Passion of Perpetua and Felicidad', completed later. It tells how the two women were thrown to a wild cow that gored them before being decapitated.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Turn off your cell phone and turn on your soul: the power of digital abstinence

Digital abstinence" in Lent is an iconic modern sacrifice, especially if traded for prayer, personal relationships and spiritual growth.

March 7, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Two weeks ago I participated in the program Mediodía Cope to talk about the book How to talk about God in the networks. The program presenters had prepared a script that included reviewing the average time spent using a cell phone per week. One of them logged more than 7 hours, while the other spent 2 hours in front of the screen.

During a commercial break, Jorge Bustos, the presenter with the lowest usage time, commented that every afternoon he would turn off his cell phone for two hours to dedicate himself to reading, a strategy that helped him to not be so hooked on technology.

Digital abstinence

It turns out that on the first Friday in March, some people celebrate the day of the digital abstinence. The ephemeris can serve to encourage us Christians to separate ourselves from our screens for a much better reason than just mental health. Traditionally, Catholics have associated Lent with abstinence from meat on Fridays, but in an increasingly digitized world, why not consider a "digital abstinence" as well?

Screens, although useful, can become a constant distraction, robbing us of time that we could spend helping others, praying, reading... St. Ignatius of Loyola said that "the most dangerous enemy of the soul is disordered attachment". Today, that attachment can be to our phone.

Digital abstinence is a meaningful sacrifice to not be a spoiled person, who gets swept away by the winds of any clickbait.

Digital abstinence does not mean giving up technology completely, but using it sparingly and wisely. On Fridays in LentThe traditional days of penance can be a perfect opportunity to reduce the time we spend in front of screens. This small sacrifice can have a big impact on our spiritual life: time for mental prayer, for praying the Rosary, meditating on the Passion of Christ or simply listening to the voice of God in silence. For a greater presence in real life. To gain inner freedom. Digital abstinence helps us to regain inner peace and focus on what really matters.

How to practice digital abstinence

  • Set limits: decide how many hours a day you will use your phone and stick to that limit.
  • Turn off notifications and silence your phone during times of prayer or family gatherings.
  • It replaces screen time with something much, much better.
  • Involve others: invite your family or friends to join in this purpose.

This year, I invite you to live Lent in a different way. Let digital abstinence be your small sacrifice, your way of saying "yes" to God and "no" to the distractions that keep us from Him. Remember that, as Jesus said, "where your treasure is, there your heart will be also" (Matthew 6:21). Where is your treasure: on the screens or in the presence of God?

May this Lent be a time of spiritual renewal, where by disconnecting from the digital world, we reconnect with what is essential: God, others and ourselves. We encourage you to try it! Happy Lent!

The authorPablo Lopez

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The Vatican

Pope sends voice message thanking for prayers for his health

With a tired but intelligible voice, the Pope wanted to address his first message after more than two weeks in hospital.

Maria José Atienza-March 6, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

The beginning of the Holy Rosary that, as for weeks, has been prayed in St. Peter's Square in Rome asking for the health of the Holy Father has had the surprise of some words sent by the pontiff from the hospital.

The message, in Spanish, was recorded by the grateful Pope, "moved by the many messages of affection that are sent to him daily, and grateful for the prayers of the people of God," as stated in the note that the Holy See sent to the media together with the message.

"I thank you from the bottom of my heart for the prayers you are praying for my health from the Plaza, I accompany you from here. May God bless you and may the Virgin take care of you. Thank you. These were the brief words of thanks from the Pope, who will remain at the Agostino Gemelli hospital for the next few days.

The prayer of the Holy Rosary this Thursday was led by Spanish Cardinal Angel Fernandez Artime, S.D.B., Pro-Prefect of the Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life.

A new medical report marked by stability

The report issued by the Holy See press office on Thursday, March 6, highlighted the "stability" in the Pope's health, who "has not presented any episode of respiratory insufficiency" and who has remained stable in "hemodynamic parameters and blood tests".

The Pope has had no fever but doctors continue to maintain a guarded prognosis.

In view of this stabilization, the Holy See Press Office has emphasized that the next medical bulletin will be published on Saturday.

Work, prayer and Eucharist

As usual, on days when health permits, the Pope "devoted himself today to some work activities during the morning and afternoon, alternating rest with prayer," the Holy See emphasized in the communiqué on his health, which also notes that the pontiff received the Eucharist before lunch.

The World

Nigerian priest killed, while two are still missing

The Nigerian diocese of Kafanchan has reported that Father Sylvester Okechukwu, abducted on the night of March 4, was murdered and found dead in the early hours of the following day, the day on which the Church celebrated Ash Wednesday, the beginning of Lent. Two other kidnapped priests are still missing.

OSV News Agency-March 6, 2025-Reading time: 4 minutes

- Junno Arocho Esteves (OSV News)

Aid to the Church in Need's appeal to the faithful to reflect this Lenten season on the persecution of Christians has taken on added urgency with the news that a Nigerian priest was murdered and found dead in the early hours of the following day, Ash Wednesday, the beginning of Lent.

Servant dedicated to God

Fr. Sylvester Okechukwu was taken from his residence on the night of March 4, and was found dead in the early hours of March 5. "The untimely and brutal loss has left us heartbroken and devastated," says the diocese, which adds that Fr. Okechukwu "was a dedicated servant of God, who worked selflessly in the Lord's vineyard, spreading the message of peace, love and hope."

Aid to the Church in Need (ACN) has stated that, according to the communiqué that the pontifical charitable organization received from the diocese, "no reason was given for his murder at the hands of his kidnappers".

"Always available and accessible."

Sylvester Okechukwu "was always available and accessible to his parishioners. His untimely death has left an indelible void in our diocesan family, and we share the pain of his passing with his family, friends and all who knew and loved him.

The murder of the priest illustrates the plight of Christians living in areas where the joyful hope can often be overshadowed by the darkness of persecution, which is the central theme of ACN's Lenten campaign, Christians under persecution.

Kidnappings and disappearances

The murder of the Nigerian priest came at a time when two other priests in the country are still missing after being abducted on February 22 in the diocese of Yola.

In a country where Christians are routinely discriminated against and persecuted, five priests and two nuns have been kidnapped in Nigeria this year alone. Of these, two are still missing and the remaining four were released alive, according to ACN.

In 2024, a total of 13 priests were kidnapped in Nigeria, all of whom were eventually released, and one was killed, for a total of 14 incidents, the pontifical charity noted.

Martyrs of our days

In a video published on March 4 on X, ACN highlighted Christian persecution in several countries where priests and religious are regularly abducted: Pakistan, Burkina Faso, Sri Lanka and Mozambique, as well as Nigeria.

The video was made in honor of the persecuted and as a reminder that martyrdom is not a "thing of the past," but "a reality for many Christian communities today."

The frame of reference is the campaign 'Martyrs of Our Days: Witnesses of Hope', an initiative announced by ACN in February as a way of showing solidarity with persecuted Christians around the world during Lent, which is a time of prayer and fasting that prepares Catholics around the world to commemorate the passion, death and resurrection of Jesus.

Persecution and discrimination are on the rise

With several testimonies, the video notes that "in the 21st century, persecution of Christians continues to increase," a claim confirmed in January by Open Doors International, a non-governmental organization that advocates for and provides services to Christians. persecuted Christians persecuted Christians around the world.

In its report, entitled 'The World Watch List 2025', Open Doors International stated that more than 380 million Christians face persecution and discrimination in 2024, an increase of 15 million from the previous year.

"Don't forget us."

Speaking to OSV News on March 4, Michael Kelly, ACN's director of public affairs in Ireland, said that Lent, and in particular Ash Wednesday, "is a time when the Church asks us to make sacrifices and think of those less fortunate than ourselves, especially those who are suffering or in some kind of need."

While many Catholics may take it for granted that they can "walk freely expressing our faith with ashes on our foreheads," for others, he said, such a mark risks "ridicule, discrimination, violence, persecution, imprisonment and even death."

"Our most recent report revealed that anti-Christian discrimination and persecution are on the rise," Kelly told OSV News. "And yet, in many of the parts of the world where it is most difficult to be a Christian, the church is growing and people are living out their faith with great joy, despite the adversity they face."

"A certain blindness to their plight."

"Everywhere I go around the world and meet people persecuted for their faith, the one thing they always say is, 'Don't forget us, we trust you to remember us,'" Kelly said. "Often, we are their only voice, and we must pray for them and express our solidarity with them, but also advocate that our political leaders do more for their plight."

Asked about the indifference faced by persecuted Christians, Kelly told OSV News that especially in Western countries, "where Christianity is seen as dominant or powerful," there can be a "certain blindness" to their plight.

To combat this, he added, it is crucial that parishes embrace the universal nature of the Church as "one global family united in faith" and raise awareness of the fact that when "one part of the body of Christ is suffering, we are all suffering."

Prayer for them

Kelly said he hoped the video would help Christians "focus their prayer" during the Lenten season on the "most important things in life," he said.millions of Christians who live their lives under daily threat, yet cling to their faith in Jesus Christ."

"They could live easier lives if they rejected their faith, but for them that's not something they ever think about, even to the point of death," he told OSV News. "I hope people will watch the videos we'll be releasing this Lent and talk to their families, communities and fellow parishioners about it and develop and grow a sense of being part of the Church's one global family of prayer."



This article is a translation of an article first published in OSV News. You can find the original article here.

The authorOSV News Agency

Evangelization

Saints Julian and Olegarius, bishops of Toledo, Barcelona and Tarragona, Spain

The Catholic liturgy celebrates on March 6 Saints Julian of Toledo and Olegarius, bishops of Toledo and Barcelona respectively, although Saint Olegarius simultaneously held the archbishopric of Tarragona. The Church also celebrates today Saints Rosa de Viterbo, Italian, and Colette Boilet, French, reformer of the Poor Clares.  

Francisco Otamendi-March 6, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

St. Julian of Toledo (Spain), was born in the capital of Toledo of a Jewish convert family, although his parents were Christians, in the year 620 (VII century). He was educated in the cathedral school by another prelate of Toledo, St. Eugene II, and became a man of great personality and prudence. He was ordained bishop in 1980, convened three councilsIn his writings he expounded the Catholic doctrine and obtained for Toledo the primacy of the Spanish dioceses. He died in 690. He was accused without foundation of having encouraged the kings to persecute the Jews. 

On March 6, you can visit the Barcelona Cathedral the dressing room where the urn containing the incorrupt body of Saint Olegario (Sant Oleguer) can be seen. Olegario Bonestruga was born in Barcelona (1060), was presbyter and regular canon of the Cathedral of Barcelona, and adviser of the counts Ramon Berenguer III and Ramon Berenguer IV. In 1116 he was named bishop of Barcelona, and later archbishop of Tarragona. He promoted a reform in the church and died in 1137.

Saints Rose of Viterbo and Colette Boylet

Saint Rose of Viterbo (Italy, 1234) wanted to enter the Poor Clares at a very young age, but could not because of her age and poverty. A serious illness facilitated her rapid entry into the Third Order of St. Francis, according to the Franciscan Directory. When she recovered her health, she lived a life of prayer and penance, exhorting the love of Jesus and Mary, and fidelity to the Church. God granted him extraordinary charisms and through them he worked miracles. He died in 1252. In 1258 her incorrupt body was transferred to the Poor Clare monastery.

Saint Colette Boylet (Corbie, France, 1381), orphaned at the age of 18, distributed her possessions among the poor and undertook a varied religious experience that included wearing the habit of the Third Order and leading an eremitical life, until she professed in the Poor Clares. She wanted to bring back to the Order the spirit and observance of Santa Clara. With pontifical authorization, reformed monasteries and founded others. He died in Ghent (Belgium) in 1447. 

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Culture

The Shroud of Turin: a mystery that continues to fascinate

The Shroud of Turin remains a fascinating mystery, engaging believers and non-believers, researchers and theologians alike. The writer and researcher, William West, has presented in Sidney several pieces of evidence that support the historical and scientific importance of the shroud.    

OSV News Agency-March 6, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

- Christina Guzman (Australian Catholic Weekly). Sydney

After centuries of scientific evidence and debate, the Shroud of Turin remains one of the most intriguing and fascinating religious objects in the world, a mystery that continues to attract skeptics and believers, researchers and theologians alike.

The renowned writer, journalist and researcher William West, an expert on the authenticity of the Holy ShroudThe Australian Conference on Sustainable Development, held at St. Patrick's Catholic Church in Sydney's Bondi district, known for its famous beach, on March 3, was previewing the Australian Conference on Sustainable Development. the Holy Shroud to be held in June.

William West began to investigate

During his talk, he presented 10 compelling pieces of evidence out of the 99 he found that support the historical significance and scientific of the shroud.

 West began the evening by recalling his relationship with the shroud, which began in Summer Hill, Australia, in the 1980s, when he was recommended to watch the documentary 'The Silent Witness', a film that sparked great interest in the shroud around the world.

Then came the carbon dating results of the late 1980s, which claimed it dated only to between 1260 and 1790. Believing the revelations, West saw a poster of the shroud in a Catholic bookstore, and thought, 'Those people keep promoting this route. Don't they realize it's a fake?' He decided then, as a scholar, to 'explain to people why it's really a fake' and began to investigate.

The Shroud is two thousand years old

Delving deeper into the literature, West uncovered evidence that led him to reconsider his position. In 2024, he published the book 'The Shroud Rises, As the Carbon Date is Buried', in which he suggests that the 1988 carbon date for the shroud "has finally been shown to be seriously flawed". More recent dating tests have indicated that the shroud is 2,000 years old.

"It's covered in blood. It's one of the first things you notice on the shroud," he explained.  

He described that not only are the obvious wounds evident - such as the large flow of blood from the side - but that each scourge mark, both on the front and back of the cloth, is accompanied by blood stains. 

Blood clots 100 % accurate, and they are intact.

"Research has shown very clearly that those blood flows and clots are 100 % accurate and intact," he said. "Once the blood is soaked and dried, everyone knows that it sticks together with force. And when you force it, the blood clots break. But in the shroud, all those blood clots covering the whole body are intact." 

"It has been studied by forensic pathologists from all over the world, some of the leading experts in the field, and they have been absolutely amazed at the accuracy of the details," he continues.  

"In contrast, artists often depict simple drops of blood. The shroud shows blood clots: each deposit is an intact clot."

French surgeon of the First World War

West further emphasized his point by referring to Pierre Barbet, a French surgeon who spent much of World War I treating battlefield casualties before becoming a prominent professor and chief surgeon at a major Paris hospital. 

"Barbet was obsessed with blood and so he became obsessed with the shroud," West explained. "He said he couldn't miss it at all and for him that one aspect of the shroud was enough to convince him that it was definitely our Lord."

Signs of Jerusalem's dirtiness

Other evidence West spoke of was related to "clear signs of dirt from Jerusalem".

 "They found that the dirt had a chemical fingerprint, a special limestone earth that is not found anywhere else in the world, around the knees and nose," he said. Finally, West talked about a close-up of the linen fabric itself. 

"Now the image itself. Science has discovered that because it's not made of any artistic material, such as paint, paint and ink or dye, the only way scientists can reproduce this even today is by using a huge burst of ultraviolet light from excellent lasers," West explained.

However, in his view, "they could never produce the full picture because it would require more electrical power than we have even today."


This article is a translation of an article first published in OSV News. You can find the original article here.

The authorOSV News Agency

Gospel

Christ, model in the face of temptation. First Sunday of Lent (C)

Joseph Evans comments on the readings for the first Sunday of Lent (C) corresponding to March 9, 2025.

Joseph Evans-March 6, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

People get excited about the possibility of extraterrestrial life. The Church is silent on the matter, but teaches us that we are only a small part of God's creation. There is a whole spiritual world of angels and demons and we are caught in the middle of a great battle between them in which we are the spoils: the demons try to associate us with their rebellion against God and take us to hell; the angels try to save us from them and take us to happiness in heaven. All this is made clear in today's readings.

The Gospel begins by referring to the Holy Spirit - the divine Spirit, the Spirit of love, the third person of the Trinity - who leads Christ into the desert and who leads us into the desert, the penitential desert of Lent. He has inspired the acts of self-denial that we have decided and that we try to live during these 40 days in our effort to draw closer to Christ. But in the background lurks another, very different kind of spirit: created but still very powerful, the spirit of hatred, the devil.

The devil is not a fiction or a figure to be laughed at. Our Lord tells us that "that's the one you have to fear". (Lucas 12, 5), with a holy and sensible fear, as one fears and drives away a ferocious dog. We see that the devil tempts Christ "for forty days" and not only at the end. He will tempt us too, trying to make us give up our Lenten resolutions or waver in our desire to be faithful Christians. But it is at the end of the forty days, when Christ is at his weakest, that Satan attacks with the greatest force.

Christ allows himself to be tempted, relying only on his human nature, to give us an example in the fight against temptation. The devil, "liar and father of lies" (John 8, 44), makes sin seem attractive, when in reality it is always poison and leads to our destruction. He tries to make Jesus sin by attracting him to material things (he turns stones into bread), to power and celebrity. Our Lord rejects every temptation by having recourse to Scripture: he is truly nourished by the word of God.

Satan acts everywhere and constantly, but if we pray, use our time well and keep away from evil as best we can, he will not seriously harm us, especially if we turn to our guardian angel to defend us. As today's psalm tells us "to his angels he has given orders to guard you in your ways.". As an angel led Israel through the wilderness to the promised land, so God has given each of us an angel to accompany us on our journey through life. 

The Vatican

What is the Pope working on from the hospital?

The medical report of Wednesday afternoon, March 5, indicates that the Pope has had a stable day, within his delicate health condition, and has been able to devote time to work.

Javier García Herrería-March 5, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

For almost three weeks now, the Holy See Press Office has begun the day by reporting on how the Pope has spent a good night. Francis usually devotes a large part of his day to respiratory therapy and physiotherapy, following the treatment planned by specialists. For example, this morning, March 5, he received high-flow oxygenation through nasal cannulas, a measure aimed at improving his respiratory capacity. In the morning he called Father Gabriel Romanelli, parish priest of the Holy Family in Gaza.

Health status

The medical report sent this afternoon explains that the Pope had no episodes of respiratory failure and spent the day in an armchair.

This morning the Holy Father participated in the rite of the blessing of the Holy Ashes which was imposed on him by the celebrant and then received the Eucharist. Afterwards, he engaged in some work activities.

What is the Pope working on?

Almost every day the Vatican medical report says that the Pope has dealt with various matters of his work in the curia. But what work is involved, and with whom and how exactly does the Holy Father work? The truth is that it is not easy to know, but looking at the curia announcements of these days, something can be intuited.

For example, we know that on two occasions he has received Cardinal Parolin and Msgr. Peña Parra, the two top officials of the Secretariat of State. Perhaps the Pope has not personally received many more people, among other things because of the risk of contagion of diseases due to his delicate respiratory condition.

Specific jobs

In recent weeks the Vatican has published the Pope's weekly catechesis every Wednesday. For example, that of today I was reflecting on the Virgin and St. Joseph meditating on the scene of the child Jesus lost and found in the temple.

Last week, the following were announced developments in the cases of various people who were in the process of beatification and canonization. Yesterday, March 4, the publication of a new book by the pope, this time on poetry, was announced.

The theme chosen by Pope Francis for the 111th anniversary of World Migrants Day, "Missionaries of Hope", whose Jubilee will be celebrated in the first week of October, has also been published. Finally, his messages that he has sent to various international congresses or appointed bishops from various regions of the world during his hospital stay have also been made public.

It is understood that all this activity goes ahead thanks, above all, to the work of the Pope's collaborators, but it also requires his approval. Evidently his pace of work will be much slower, but a part of the Vatican machinery continues its work with the abnormality that the long hospital stay entails.

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Photo Gallery

Venezuela celebrates the "doctor of the poor

The faithful took to the streets after learning that José Gregorio Hernández will be canonized.

Editorial Staff Omnes-March 5, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute
Evangelization

Saint Adrian of Caesarea, martyr, and Saint John Joseph of the Cross, Franciscan

Saints Hadrian of Caesarea, martyr; the Italian Franciscan St. John Joseph of the Cross, or St. Lucius I, Pope, are celebrated today, March 5, by the liturgy of the Church, even though it is Ash Wednesday.  

Francisco Otamendi-March 5, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

In the sixth year of Diocletian's persecution, St. Hadrian was on his way to Caesarea with Eubulus to visit the confessors of the faith. When the city guards questioned them about the journey, they replied that they had gone to visiting Christians

The governor ordered them to be whipped and thrown to the wild beasts. Hadrian was beheaded after being attacked by a lion, according to the Roman Martyrology, and Eubulus the same. In the Catholic saints' calendar there are at least five Hadrian and one Adriana.

St. John Joseph of the Cross was born on the island of Ischia (Italy) in 1654, of a pious family, whose five children were consecrated to the Lord. Since he was a child, he professed a special devotion to the Virgin Mary and a generous love for the poor. poor. At a very young age he wore the Franciscan habit He was the first to join the Alcantarine Reform (St. Peter of Alcantara) established in Italy, of which he was to be the main promoter. 

Ordained a priest, he dedicated himself to the apostolate, hearing confessions and directing souls. After a contemplative and austere life, he died in Naples in 1734.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

The Vatican

Families in crisis, the Pope's prayer intention for March

Pope Francis' video message with the prayer intention for the month of March is entitled 'For Families in Crisis'. Disseminated through the Pope's Worldwide Prayer Network, it asks us to pray that divided families may find in forgiveness the healing of their wounds, rediscovering also in their differences the mutual richness of each other.  

Francisco Otamendi-March 5, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

In the video message, recorded a few weeks ago, before being admitted to the Gemelli, the Pope sets the prayer intention for the month of March 2025. To pray 'for families in crisis', so that divided families may find in mutual forgiveness the healing of their wounds.

"We all dream of a beautiful, perfect family. But there is no such thing as a perfect family. Every family has its problems, and also its great joys," the Pope begins by saying in a video that lasts 2 minutes and 4 seconds.

"The best medicine is forgiveness."

"In the family, each person is valuable because he or she is different from the others, each person is unique. But differences can also provoke conflicts and painful wounds. And the best medicine for healing the pain of a wounded family is forgiveness," the Holy Father points out.

Next, the Pope delves into the attitude of forgiveness. "To forgive means to give another possibility. God does that with us all the time. God's patience is infinite: he forgives us, he lifts us up, he makes us start again. Forgiveness always renews the family, makes us look forward with hope". An e-mail to hope which is precisely the central theme of the Jubilee of this year 2025.

"God's grace gives us strength to forgive and brings peace."

"Even when the 'happy ending' that we would like is not possible," the Pope encourages, "God's grace gives us the strength to sorry and brings peace, because it frees from sadness and, above all, from resentment".

Finally, the Pope concludes: "Let us pray that divided families may find in forgiveness the healing of their wounds, rediscovering, even in their differences, the riches of each other". 

These video messages of the Pope are disseminated through the Pope's Worldwide Prayer Network, with the collaboration of Vatican Media and the Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Latin America

At the gates of the first saint of Venezuela, the physician José Gregorio Hernández

After a process of more than 76 years (since 1949), the canonization of the first Venezuelan saint, José Gregorio Hernández, known as the "doctor of the poor", is at the doorstep, with the impetus of Pope Francis, who has made a move since the Gemelli.  

Francisco Otamendi-March 5, 2025-Reading time: 4 minutes

February 25 was a historic day for Venezuela and for the universal Church. On the eleventh day of his admission to the Gemelli Polyclinic for his bilateral pneumonia, Pope Francis endorsed the decision of the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints, and decided to convene a consistory in the near future to set the date of his death. canonization Venezuelan physician José Gregorio Hernández. The first saint of Venezuela is at the doorstep.

This is "a historic event, long awaited by the Venezuelan people, it is a recognition of the exemplary life and heroic virtues of a man who dedicated his life to alleviate human suffering and to transmit a message of love and hope", immediately pointed out the Archdiocese of Caracas in the person of its Archbishop, Monsignor Raúl Biord Castillo, as reported by the Venezuelan Episcopal Conference (CVE).CEV).

"Júbilo in Venezuela"

The news was immediately picked up by ecclesiastical media, such as the Center for Communication of the Latin American Episcopal Council (CELAM), which specified the timing of the green light. According to the communiqué, "on February 24, 2025, during an audience with Cardinal Pietro Parolin, Secretary of State, and Msgr. Edgar Pena Parra, substitute for General Affairs, the Holy Father authorized the promulgation of several decrees, among them including the one related to the canonization of José Gregorio Hernández Cisneros".

Other platforms spoke directly of "jubilation" in Venezuela, as headlined by the agency EfeVenezuela celebrates with jubilation in streets, churches and social networks the approved canonization of Blessed José Gregorio Hernández, known as the 'Doctor of the Poor', a 'long awaited' announcement, according to the national Catholic Church, which arrived on February 25, 2025, a date that is already considered historic".

"Dozens of devotees," the agency continued, "went around noon to the Candelaria church in Caracas, where his remains rest, on whose facade there were images of the doctor with messages such as "let us pray to the Lord so that José Gregorio will be a saint now", and where Venezuelan folk music was heard."

"President Maduro's commitment"

Others media reported the echo of the news in the mayor of Caracas, and in the government of the nation. For example: "During the transmission of the radio program 'Sin Truco ni Maña', the mayor of Caracas, Carmen Meléndez, expressed her joy after the announcement of the canonization of Doctor José Gregorio Hernández and what he represents for the Venezuelan people".

"The canonization of José Gregorio Hernández was a clamor of the people," he said. "For the people of Venezuela José Gregorio is a saint, the people's saint, everyone has his experience, his anecdote with Dr. José Gregorio (...), Venezuelans are proud to have a saint, the first saint and that he is José Gregorio Hernández" he asserted. Meléndez highlighted the commitment of President Nicolás Maduro to achieve this cause, with the sending of more than 10 letters to Pope Francis to address the issue".

Corina Machado's "Deep Joy".

The opposition leader María Corina Machado, on her part, has on the social network X a message from a few days ago, in which she expresses her joy for the definitive canonization of José Gregorio Hernández. The text is as follows: "Today is a day of deep joy for all Venezuelans for the definitive canonization of José Gregorio Hernández, who is already our first saint in history".

"This good news renews our hopes for a better future for Venezuela," the message continues, "and reminds us of the enormous power of faith. My first prayers to our Venezuelan saint José Gregorio Hernández are to ask for the release of these brave brothers who today are imprisoned for seeking our freedom. Let us pray together and ask him to give us the serenity and strength necessary to achieve the liberation of Venezuela and the reunification of our families here".

Archbishop of Caracas: "it is a reason for hope".

"I believe that the canonization of José Gregorio Hernández is a great gift for the whole Church, the universal Church. He is a saint whose devotion is not only restricted to the place where he was born, but that all Venezuela and all America is celebrating", said in Vatican media Monsignor Raúl Biord Castillo, Archbishop of Caracas.

"I was called yesterday by several bishops, several people from different parts of America, from North, Central and South America, also from Europe and other continents, where they venerate José Gregorio Hernández, that person who is like the tenderness of God, who intercedes for the healing of so many people. He is a reason for hope for us at Venezuela", he added.

Universal model

Blessed José Gregorio Hernández Cisneros "is a man of universal service", as Pope Francis defined him in a video message addressed to the Venezuelan people in 2021 on the occasion of his beatification. 

"Pope Francis has taken a great affection for José Gregorio and in some way has proposed him as a universal model, has recognized his universal devotion, which has spread in many places," said Monsignor Biord Castillo, while asking "God to restore the health of our beloved Pope Francis so that he may continue to encourage the Church with his word and his example."

In addition to St. John Paul II, who declared him venerable in 1986, the process has had the dedication of people such as Cardinals Baltazar Porras and Jorge Urosa, and postulators and vice-postulators such as Dr. Silvia Correale, Father Gerardino Barracchini, Bishop Tulio Ramirez Padilla and Bishop Fernando Jose Castro Aguayo, among others, have actively participated in the process.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Debate

From crisis to renaissance: the Church in the Netherlands from the 1960s to the present day.

Last article in the series on the history of the Church in Holland, which had to endure hard trials after the Protestant Reformation, rose admirably in the second half of the 19th century and is reborn with hope today.

Enrique Alonso de Velasco-March 5, 2025-Reading time: 7 minutes

Articles from the series of the History of the Church in Holland:


In 1947, during his two years of studies in Rome, the young priest Karol Wojtyła visited Holland on behalf of Cardinal Sapieha to get to know the Catholicism of Western Europe. With a deep observant spirit he noted during those days, "the Catholic faith means: baptism, a large family, a Catholic school for the children, a Catholic university for the students and numerous vocations (both for the local Church and for the mission lands). But also: a Catholic party in parliament, Catholic ministers in government, Catholic trade unions, Catholic youth associations".

Although the memories of the young priest Wojtyła are distinctly positive, one cannot suppress the impression that Dutch Catholicism, amidst the exuberance of organizations and external apparatus, lacked interiority.

During the Second World War, the resistance to the Nazi invader favored the rapprochement between Catholics and other groups. Especially among intellectuals, a process of openness and rapprochement with Protestants, liberals and, above all, socialists began, which led to a gradual breaking of the social bubble. This openness often went hand in hand with a critical attitude towards the Hierarchy, which still seemed to cling to the old structures of the "Catholic Church".column"Catholic. In the previous article of the series we explained that Columnization was the process by which Dutch society segregated itself more or less spontaneously and freely into various groups -or columns-: Catholic, Protestant and, to a lesser extent, liberal and socialist.

The crisis of the Church in the open: 1960-1968 

Between 1960 and 1968 a "Copernican revolution" in doctrinal and moral ideas took place, affecting the Dutch population in general and Catholics in particular. The process of secularization, i.e. the assimilation of Catholics into the rest of the population, accelerated in the 1960s, and Catholics quickly became the most liberal or permissive group of the population in the Netherlands, together with non-believers (originally the most liberal in moral matters).

Like any "revolution", it was preceded and prepared by ideological changes which, as we have seen in the preceding article, were imported during the 1950s from France and Germany. Paradoxically, in these countries its influence would be lesser, or at least it would be integrated organically or seen in its true dimensions due -among other reasons- to the greater intellectual tradition of these countries.

A little context

Historical and economic factors were added to this ideological evolution: from the late 1950s onwards, salaries continued to rise rapidly and the excellent social security offered such guarantees that no one needed to worry about their economic future. The increase in welfare allowed most families to have access to goods and comforts that were unthinkable until then, generating a mentality of unlimited progress and modernity in which everything new seemed possible, and was good simply because it was new. 

Practical materialism was joined by the introduction of the contraceptive pill in the Netherlands in 1963. Up to that time, birth control had been a core value for Catholics, in many cases rejecting even natural methods of birth control, which were frowned upon by many. Catholics formed by far the population group with the highest birth rate, both for doctrinal reasons and out of a desire to strengthen their social clout.

Some publications speak of the role that some priests played in stimulating the birth rate by interfering in the conscientious decisions of parents. This lack of respect for conjugal intimacy, which was not limited to the confessional, logically caused indignation in many Catholics. And presumably it did not facilitate the acceptance of the Church's doctrine when it pronounced itself in 1968 with the Encyclical Humanae Vitae.

Humanae Vitae

A number of factors favored the rapid acceptance of the Pill in the Netherlands, especially among Catholics. Among them was a legendary speech by Bishop Willem Bekkers on Catholic television in March 1963, in which he declared that the decision on the number and succession of children was a matter for the spouses: "it is a matter of conscience in which no one can interfere". These were accurate words which, however, because of the historical context and other televised speeches by Bishop Bekkers, were interpreted as an approval of contraception in certain cases. 

This contributed to the rapid spread of the pill among Catholics. When in 1968 the Encyclical Humanae VitaeIn the early years, the contraceptive practice had already been established and its roots were too deep to be easily reversed. The consequences were enormous, not only for the way marital morality was lived, but for all sexual morality. The very authority of the Church in moral matters was called into question or simply rejected.

During these years, a conception of life was forged in which the key ideas were prosperity, modernity and individualism. Paradoxically, the structure of the "Catholic column" was maintained, but increasingly controlled by intellectuals (lay or not) who wanted to reform the Church. And so came the council.

The Second Vatican Council (1962-1965)

The Second Vatican Council was followed with enormous interest by Dutch Catholics, both because of their strong ties to the Church and because of the intense media coverage. Cardinal Bernard Alfrink, Archbishop of Utrecht and the youngest member of the Council's Presidency Council, was presented in the Dutch media as the leader of the reformist sectors, in opposition to the "conservatives", in a dialectical interpretation of the conciliar debates that was so common in those years: according to them, a power struggle was being waged in the Council hall.

In the Dutch Catholic population, three groups could be distinguished: i) theologians and intellectuals with high expectations of change; ii) a small conservative group; iii) the majority of the faithful, who followed the orientation of the media, in favor of renewal.

Despite its small size, the Netherlands had a considerable influence on the Council. In addition to the country's bishops - six titular bishops and a few auxiliary bishops - sixty Dutch bishops from mission territories participated. Among their most notable contributions were the AnimadversionsThe bishops asked Edward Schillebeeckx to prepare anonymous critiques of the conciliar outlines. This theologian from the University of Nijmegen, although rejected as a conciliar expert by the Holy See, advised the Dutch bishops in Rome. These criticisms were furtively distributed among the council fathers shortly before the council began.

According to the well-known chronicler of the council Wiltgen, the Animadversions Schillebeeckx were of crucial importance for many of the Council Fathers to realize that they were not the only ones who had doubts or criticisms about the previously prepared outlines. The Dutch style, direct and undiplomatic, helped to promote dialogue-which was an express wish of John XXIII-although it sometimes generated tensions. 

The reception of the council

The conciliar documents were received with enthusiasm, but many forgot their continuity with tradition and interpreted them as a starting point for shaping more radical changes in the dioceses.

It could be said that a series of social, economic and religious ingredients, stirred by a dialectical media, gave rise to a potion that turned out to be poisonous in the long run: a crisis of authority in society; Catholics' yearning for freedom; unshakable optimism in the progress of humanity; practical materialism; the desire for an authentic faith in Christ, without social or institutional pressures. In a short time, many Catholics broke with what they saw as yokes and rejected abundant demands of the faith. Seeking to solve real problems, they ended up discarding the faith itself.

Thus, without hardly noticing it, many of the faithful, driven by the desire for reform, gradually lost their faith and rejected the heritage of the Church, with devastating consequences. For many, the Truth of Jesus Christ and of the Gospel vanished.

Crisis data

Here are a few facts that may help us to realize the magnitude of the crisis that led to the process we have been talking about. Sunday Mass attendance dropped dramatically, from 64% of Catholics in 1966 to 26% in 1979.

Personal confession was 'abolished' by a large majority of priests, and practically disappeared.

Between 1965 and 1980, it is estimated that the number of priests decreased by 50%, both because of deaths and - above all - defections. There were also many deaths among the religious, and the number of seminarians and candidates for religious life dropped considerably. All minor and major seminaries, diocesan and regular (approximately fifty throughout the country) were closed.

Result of the mixture of the existential phenomenology and the sensus fidei, catechesis ceased to transmit the doctrine and life of Christ and became an exchange of ideas about the way in which each person lives his or her faith.

In 1966 the so-called Dutch Catechism ("New Catechism. Announcing the Faith for Adults").

From 1966 to 1970, the Dutch Pastoral Council in which numerous reforms were proposed, some of which could not be accepted by Rome. 

What can we learn from all this?

Although this crisis undoubtedly had many different causes, there is one factor that in my opinion can help to understand its gravity and virulence: the lack of depth and inner freedom in the experience of the faith of a large portion of Catholics, resulting from anachronistic structures and customs that after having fulfilled their purpose (to help the emancipation of Catholics) had become asphyxiating.

However, it is also true that this crisis raised questions that remain relevant today: the role of the laity, the relationship between faith and culture, and how to live Catholicism in a secularized environment.

A few decades have passed since then. Many thought that by breaking the chains and rejecting the yokes, the temples would be filled again as in the past. But not only did this not happen, but the opposite proved to be true: while some communities lost vitality by distancing themselves from ecclesial teaching, others tried to apply the reforms of the Second Vatican Council faithfully, albeit with difficulties, and a good number of these have not lost their vitality.

A new bloom

Now there is a new flowering in the Church. This process, however, has not been homogeneous. Some communities have rediscovered Eucharistic adoration and confession, others have opted for an evangelization more adapted to a secularized society. The bishops are not afraid to exercise their magisterium and are well united among themselves and with the Pope. They even dare to display their authority with the occasional 'rebellious' priest. New priests are ordained to serve, not to command. Confession is administered more and more and young people practice it gratefully.

The number of churches with Exposition and Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament has increased considerably. However, the path of renewal is still open, with specific challenges in each community.

It is a process of purification, which presupposes and counts on inner freedom, since being a Catholic does not bring no more than spiritual benefits, although they increase mental and spiritual well-being and ultimately lead to happiness.

The Church faces a number of challenges: learning to be missionary "anew," proclaiming the message of Christ everywhere and opening the doors of the Church to all kinds of people in the post-Christian era. As someone once said to me: the Church used to be about keeping young people in the Church, now it has to learn how to attract new young people.

There is still a long way to go, but the outlook is encouraging.

The authorEnrique Alonso de Velasco

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The Vatican

Pope spends a day without complications and publishes a book

The Pope maintains a stable evolution, without respiratory complications or fever, and continues with his treatment. His prognosis remains guarded.

Javier García Herrería-March 4, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

The Pope's state of health has remained "stable today," according to the latest medical report released this afternoon by the Vatican Press Office. He has had "no episodes of respiratory failure or bronchospasm" and has remained afebrile, "always alert, cooperative with therapy and conscious".

In the morning, the Pontiff received high-flow oxygen therapy and continued with respiratory physiotherapy, as part of the treatment he has been undergoing in recent days.

Mechanical ventilation at night and guarded prognosis.

As planned, "this evening, non-invasive mechanical ventilation will be resumed until tomorrow morning". Although his evolution is stable, doctors remain cautious and the prognosis "remains guarded".

As usual in these weeks, the Pope spent a good night and, throughout the day, alternated rest with moments of prayer and the reception of the Eucharist.

Pope publishes book

The Pope's news surprise of the day was announced mid-afternoon by the Vatican, when it announced that the Pope was publishing a new book today, this time on poetry, entitled "Viva la poesía" (Long Live Poetry). The work compiles a series of texts by Pope Francis on the value of poetry and literature in formation, education and its role in the dialogue between the Church and contemporary culture.

In a handwritten note addressed to the editor, Father Antonio Spadaro, the Pontiff expresses his desire that poetry have a prominent place in the Pontifical Universities, proposing that it have its own chair.

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Evangelization

Alex Jones: "We are looking for new ways to help people to pray".

The CEO and co-founder of Hallow, the most famous prayer app talks, in this interview with Omnes, about the 2025 Lenten challenge.

Maria José Atienza-March 4, 2025-Reading time: 4 minutes

Alex Jones is the CEO and co-founder of Hallowa mobile application designed to assist in personal and mental prayer in the midst of a digitalized world.

Its initiators, Alex Jones, Alessandro DiSanto and Erich Kerekes created this app in 2018 without knowing that it would come to position itself as the first spirituality app with more than 22 million downloads on devices around the world.

Hallow is born out of the need for prayer and personal encounter with God. In fact, it responds to a vital need of its creators. It allows a great personalization according to the way of being and praying of each person and has meditations, prayers and readings in the main languages.

Although not all of its users are Catholic, the application is Catholic, and priests, bishops and theologians have contributed to it to ensure that it correctly transmits the Catholic faith.

For Lent 2025, which begins on March 5, the application has chosen the book The Wayof St. Josemaría Escriváas a guide in these 40 days of prayer, fasting and almsgiving.

On this occasion, Alex Jones has given an interview to Omnes in which he highlights how the best-known work of the founder of the Opus Dei "changed my life."

What led them to choose The Way as an accompanying work for this Lent?

-We chose The Way first because it changed my life and many others, but also because of its powerful and direct spiritual advice. St. Josemaría teaches us to love the world deeply through prayer and by making sacrifices. And ultimately, he helps us see that holiness can be found in our ordinary, daily lives. It’s a book that really just gets at the core of Hallow’s mission, which is to help people pray every single day.

What are the points of this The Way of St. Josemaría are the ones marking this Lent with Hallow?

–The Lent challenge touches on several themes of The Way that are essential to living a Christian life and trying to be a saint: prayer, sacrifice, love, and trust in God. Here’s one of my favorites, from the very beginning of the challenge: The Way that are essential to living the Christian life and aspiring to holiness: prayer, sacrifice, love and trust in God. One of my favorites is right at the beginning of the challenge: "“Don't let your life be a sterile life . . . And light up all the roads of the earth with the fire of Christ that you carry in your heart. (The Way1) What a powerful reminder of how we are supposed to live!”

What role do voices like Tamara Falcó or José Pedro Manglano play in this accompaniment, why them?

I won’t give away too many details of the challenge quite yet, but we have some really exciting surprises in store for you this Lent2025will say that we’ve asked all of our partners to join Lent Pray40 because we find the way they live out their faith to be pretty inspiring.

It takes a lot of courage to share the faith, and for that, we are deeply grateful.

Lent is, for the entire Church, a true journey of conversion. Hallow What is most helpful to users during this liturgical season?

This Lent we hope to help folks root out what’s stopping them and start fully following Christ who is "the way, the truth and the life." (John 14:6). It is about conquering each morning and giving it to God.

There’s this quote from St. Josemaría Escrivá that I’ve found powerful and think encompasses what our goal this Lent is: “Lent is a time of penance, purification, and conversion. It is not an easy program, but then Christianity is not an easy way of life. It is not enough just to be in the Church, letting the years roll by. In our life, in the life of Christians, our first conversion… is certainly very significant. But the later conversions are even more important, and they are increasingly demanding.” (Christ passing by, 57)

Lent2025 truly is for everyone, whether you’re a daily mass-goer, you’re just coming back to the faith after years away, or you’re just giving this a try. We’re excited to pray with you whenever you are on your faith journey.

How do users use HallowWhat distinguishes it from other similar applications?

-People use Hallow in all kinds of ways. Some folks like to start their mornings with the Daily Gospel reflection on the app. Others find rest before bed with a Sleep Bible Story or praying the Rosary.

Prayer really can look different for everyone, but that’s what makes getting to work on the app really powerful for us.

We are always looking for new ways to help people pray, especially those who are returning to the faith or discovering it for the first time. While many apps focus on looking inward and focusing on oneself, at Hallow we try to help focus on God and how He acts in our lives and those around us.

It’s all about building a friendship with God and really just getting to know Him. I love the quote from St. Teresa of Ávila that says,“Contemplative prayer, in my opinion, is nothing else than an intimate sharing between friends; it means taking time frequently to be alone with Him who we know loves us.” At the end of the day, that is what we seek: to help each person find his or her own way to pray and come closer to God.

Spain

Gaztelueta case ruling: professor expelled from Opus Dei

The Gaztelueta case continues to generate controversy after the leak of the sentence against José María Martínez, who is considering appealing the sentence to the Apostolic Signatura.

Javier García Herrería-March 4, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

The Gaztelueta case, a complex and lengthy judicial processhas recently registered a new event. On March 3, a religious information portal leaked the sentence handed down by Msgr. José Antonio Satué against Professor José María Martínez. The judge considered the accusations proven and decreed in his sentence the expulsion of the numerary from the Prelature.

One aspect that has attracted attention is that the document is dated December 17, but was not communicated to the parties until almost three months later due to "other non-delegable and unpostponable obligations" of the judge.

Legal assessments of the judgment

Legal sources consulted by Omnes have expressed their surprise at the decision of Msgr. Satué, given that, although he was commissioned by the Vatican to thoroughly investigate the evidence in the case, "he has not carried out any new investigation. He has simply reproduced the sentence of the Spanish Supreme Court, which at the time reduced the professor's sentence from 11 to 2 years in prison". 

It should be recalled that Judge Marchena, who instructed the case in the Supreme Court, pointed out that the legislation did not allow him to invalidate the evidence previously considered by the court of the Basque Country. However, he criticized the fact that the trial judge gave full credibility to the prosecution's experts without taking into account those of the defense.

Questions on the new ruling

In the sentence leaked to the press yesterday, Msgr. Satué determines that the accusations have been proven and orders the expulsion of the numerary from the Prelature. Despite having been given full powers to carry out a new investigation, the judge has been criticized for not having considered numerous pieces of evidence presented by the defense. Among these are the refusal to admit the reports of the defense's experts, the exclusion of the polygraph test taken by the accused, and the inadmissibility of the exhaustive innocence verification report prepared by five jurists. The latter document was mentioned in the judgment without any justification for its exclusion.

In addition, the resolution does not include the copy of the initial investigation conducted by the Vatican under the direction of Silverio Nieto, which has never been made public and is considered key to the defense. Neither were Nieto's testimonies admitted, nor the letter of Cardinal Ladaria, prefect of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith and highest authority of the body responsible for the ecclesiastical investigation in 2015. Likewise, the request for access to Cuatrecasas' medical records, requested to the Department of Health of the Basque Country, was rejected. 

According to the sources consulted, "the judge has not conducted any new investigation, but has determined what evidence can be taken into account without offering a public justification for his decisions".

Lawsuit against Judge Satué

Professor José María Martínez filed a lawsuit against Judge Satué for alleged violation of his right to honor. The request was admitted and the case is still open. 

On March 3, in fact, Satué was summoned before a court in Pamplona to present documentation on the process requested by the judge in the case, but no documentation has been delivered and the hearing has been postponed. 

Although a possible conviction against Satué would not have direct consequences on the published sentence, it could affect the credibility of the procedure carried out by the bishop of Teruel.

Statements by José María Martínez

In a published statement on March 3 on his blog, Martinez has reaffirmed his innocence and announced that he is considering filing an appeal against the decree with the Apostolic Signatura, the highest Vatican tribunal to which he can appeal.

He has also communicated his decision to request his departure from Opus Dei, stating that "with great regret, I have written a letter to the Prelate of Opus Dei in which I request my departure from the Work. I prefer to leave rather than be a problem". Nevertheless, he emphasized that "since this process began, I have felt understood and accompanied by many people in Opus Dei" and that he will continue to consider it his spiritual family.

He ended his message with a reference to St. Josemaría Escrivá, founder of Opus Dei: "St. Josemaría said that nothing bad can ever come to us from the Church. My case seems to indicate the opposite, but it is not so. I also learned from the founder of Opus Dei that God brings great good out of great evils. I am sure that on this occasion it will also happen.

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Evangelization

St. Casimir, patron saint of Poland and Lithuania, praying and celibate prince

On March 4, the Catholic Church celebrates St. Casimir, third of the thirteen sons of the King of Poland, and patron of the Polish and Lithuanian homelands. He was noted for his prayer, penance and chastity, love for the Eucharist and the Virgin Mary. He died of tuberculosis near Vilna (Vilnius), in Lithuania, at the age of 26.

Francisco Otamendi-March 4, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

Casimir, who was to become one of the patrons of Poland, and also patron of Lithuania, was born in Krakow in 1458 into a large family, the third of thirteen children of Casimir, a Polish king, and Elizabeth, daughter of the Emperor of Austria, who was a Catholic and sought to educate her children in the faith. According to the biographersIn addition, St. Casimir had two good teachers: Father John, with a reputation for wisdom and holiness, and Professor Callimachus, who for years helped the king of Poland in the instruction of young people.

From the age of 17, Casimir was at the side of his father, King Casimir IV Jagiellon, in public affairs, and accompanied him to Lithuaniafrom where the Jagiellons came from. His greatest desire was to please God. Being the son of the king, he dressed simply, without luxuries. He mortified himself in eating, drinking, looking and sleeping, it is written. Many times he slept on the floor. His favorite spiritual devotions were the Passion and Death of Jesus Christ - he meditated on the agony of Jesus in the garden - and Jesus in the Sacrament. 

Adored Jesus

He took advantage of the rest and the night to spend hours adoring Jesus in the Holy Host. He was generous in time and goods with the poor. They wanted to marry him to a daughter of Emperor Frederick III of Austria, but Casimir refused to marry, because of his decision to live celibacy. He became ill with tuberculosis, passed away March 4, 1484, aged 26, in Lithuania, and was buried in Vilnius.

120 years after he was buried, his tomb was opened and his body was found. incorrupt body. On his chest they found a poem to the Virgin Mary that he recited frequently and that he ordered to be placed on his corpse when he was to be buried.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Evangelization

Ricardo Calleja: "It is necessary to rub shoulders with people from other fields".

Ricardo Calleja is the editor of "Ubi sunt? Christian intellectuals: where are they, what do they contribute, how do they intervene?"This is the first time that the debate on these issues has been opened in Spain.

Javier García Herrería-March 4, 2025-Reading time: 4 minutes

As editor of this work, he has brought together a group of intellectuals committed to reflecting on faith and its impact on culture, political debate and public life. In addition to reviewing issues already debated in recent years, he also introduces new challenges that affect today's society. In this interview we address some aspects related to faith and public life.

Two years after the debate it sparked, what do you expect from this book?

-The first is to help make many more people aware of the debate, which has both more obvious and more subtle points. In addition, I hope that the participation of people of Christian faith in public life will continue to be encouraged and the ways in which they can be present, either explicitly as Christians or with specifically Christian ideas, will continue to be explored.

I know that presentations and events are still underway at universities where the subject has already been discussed. This is positive. Debating who, how and when to intervene can in itself improve participation in these forums. At the same time, there is a risk of falling into analysis paralysis or the narcissism of petty difference. However, in the initial discussions this does not appear to be happening.

Is there an absence of Christian intellectuals in the public debate?

-Yes, especially in Spain. Although we cited Christian intellectuals from other countries, there are few Spaniards in this category. However, the debate reflects the emergence of a new generation of Christian opinion makers, originally emerging around digital media such as The Objective and El Debate de hoy.

Do you think a "culture war" by Christians is necessary, or is a dialogue approach more effective?

-From my point of view, there are different strategies that respond to different contexts, capacities and opportunities. There is no one right way to intervene. While unity on certain principles is desirable, it is also important to accept that conflict and diversity are inherent in public life. Personal encounter is paramount in the transmission of Christianity. There, dialogue counts more than battle. But when people are in society, we organize ourselves into groups or tribes, and we think and act in a conflictive and agonistic way.

What is the role of Christian educational institutions in the formation of intellectuals?

-Concern for the common good is a requirement of Christian charity and justice. The "privatism" of a certain "bourgeois ChristianityThe "moral defect" is not the result of a moral defect, but above all of a lack of formation, as St. Paul pointed out. Josemaría Escriva de Balaguer. Education, on the other hand, always fails. Exceptional people emerge despite institutional constraints. Moreover, what needs to be learned in order to participate creatively in community life requires more than just passing through the classroom. It is necessary to rub shoulders with people in other spheres: in the street, in institutions that are not Christian. Otherwise, we run the risk of forming fanatics or idealists who are out of touch with reality.

What issues should Christian intellectuals address in their public interventions?

-The themes that the Magisterium of the Church and the great Christian intellectuals have been pointing out for decades, from the defense of life and the family to social justice and ecology. It is important to show the coherence of the Christian vision on these issues - which often appear split into "left-wing and right-wing" issues - and to accept the diversity of approaches among Christians. In order to communicate the Christian answers, we must first suffer the human questions that we all share. That is why I think that at a time when the "shared moral ground" has been lost, the beginning of the path is the wounds we all share: loneliness, the search for meaning, suffering, mistrust in relationships, etc. In this way, a new curiosity can be aroused about what Christians have to contribute, and unexpected alliances can be forged.

How can Christian intellectuals effectively explain the Church's position on the gender issue?

- The first step is to affirm with serenity that "God created male and female", without apologizing for it. Without this "unveiled truth" that we are creatures and of the fundamental goodness of the created order, it is very difficult for the emancipatory drive of human beings not to turn against nature, precisely as a requirement of true humanity. Moreover, it is important that there be feminine voices speaking in Christianity. Not because of a "quota", but because we truly believe in the complementarity of the sexes. This, in addition to overcoming perhaps some inertia or prejudice of very masculine environments, means making a call to the public presence of Christian women, traditionally more inclined to the care of the private (which is in itself an irreplaceable contribution to the common good).

In which countries do Catholics have a particularly positive presence in the public sphere?

-The truth is that I lack a complete global perspective, even in my own country. I hear interesting things from Brazil; North American Catholicism has been very active for decades; I see less present that "cultural project" of Italian Catholicism, which had a great capacity for dialogue with the "secular" world.

A generalized tendency is the awareness that we are a minority in the cultural context, and this is giving rise to new forms and dynamisms to make ourselves present. But I fear that it can adopt "identitarian" forms of Christianity, both in private and pastoral spheres, as well as in its public projection. This sometimes leads to allergic reactions in other Christians, which I think are exaggerated. The challenge is to channel this new creativity and impulse, purifying it by means of rigorous thinking and a merciful attitude: underlining the primacy of charity in truth as a sign of Christian identity.

Ubi sunt? Christian intellectuals today

In recent times there is an open debate about the role of Christian intellectuals in today's world. Are there Christian intellectuals? Where are they?

March 4, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Last January 23, 2025 was one of the presentations of the book "Ubi sunt? Christian intellectuals: Where are they? What do they contribute? How do they intervene?" in Madrid, at the postgraduate headquarters of the University of Navarra, by the coordinator of the work, accompanied by Higinio Marín -philosopher- and guided by Paula Hermida, from the publishing house Cristiandad, which is the editor of the book.

How did this book come about?

The philosopher Diego S. Garrocho published on November 16, 2020 an article in El Mundo entitled "Where are the Christians?" in which he stated that he did not see any Christian intellectuals in the current public sphere. This journalistic piece sparked a debate that took the form of a cascade of interventions in the press. The first of these was three days later by Miguel Ángel Quintana Paz in The Objective, in which he invited "... radios, televisions, schools, universities, institutes, publishing houses, Catholic museums to take up this gauntlet".

Other interventions in the press by multiple authors followed, with texts of varied perspective, different ways of facing the issue and polyhedral points of view, which collected the polemic in a book coordinated by Ricardo Calleja called "Ubi Sunt?"

In the presentation, Calleja spoke about the role of the Christian intellectual in unveiling the mysteries of religion, since they are not within everyone's reach. He encouraged to be creative and to contribute suggestive ideas that lead to thinking. He showed the plurality of thought of the collaborators. He enlightened with the idea that in public life the Christian has to act with prudence but without ceasing to govern and command when one has a position of relevance, because not to govern is to be governed by circumstances. One should not be afraid to make mistakes. He argued that because we are Catholic we should not be uninhibited in our responsibilities for fear of hurting or not being loved.

Change of the public square

Marín showed how the public square has changed, thanks to the RRSS and digital media, and anything is reflected, such as this book, which has had an echo and impact. According to the author of the epilogue, the contributors to the book contribute ideas, but above all they are exposed and made available to the reader. He also spoke of the danger of the "expert" who is not sufficiently humble and who does not realize that not everything has an easy and definitive answer. It is necessary to study, on a regular basis, in order to be able to give a profound answer. He clarified something similar to the fact that it is okay to say "I don't know" when faced with a complicated question and add "I have to study it". He also added that there are no "political geniuses" in the Spanish arena to help in this process of helping society to think.

Several authors of the book's essays were present at the presentation. Such as Pablo Velasco, Armando Zerolo and José María Torralba. The latter spoke of the importance of the training We are also aware of the need to be natural and to show ourselves as we are in our professional and family life, just like any other citizen.

Armando Zerolo spoke of the importance of participation in the cultural battle, in a temperate and non-polarized, but active manner. 

In no case do the authors wish to answer this question. They leave the door open to debate.

The authorÁlvaro Gil Ruiz

Professor and regular contributor to Vozpópuli.

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The Vatican

Pope Francis suffers two bouts of respiratory distress

Pope Francis has suffered two crises "of acute respiratory insufficiency, caused by a significant accumulation of endobronchial mucus and consequent bronchospasm", which has made it necessary for doctors to perform two bronchoscopies and to resume non-invasive mechanical ventilation.

Paloma López Campos-March 3, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

Pope Francis has suffered two crises "of acute respiratory insufficiency, caused by a significant accumulation of endobronchial mucus and consequent bronchospasm," according to the latest communiqué from the Holy See.

Due to these episodes, the doctors had to perform "two bronchoscopies with the need to aspirate copious secretions" on the Pontiff. In addition, Francis has resumed non-invasive mechanical ventilation.

Despite the respiratory crises, the Vatican communiqué confirms that "the Holy Father remained alert, oriented and cooperative at all times". Due to the complexity of the case, "the prognosis remains reserved".

This news comes after the Pope spent a quiet night and on Sunday, March 2 he was even able to work for a while accompanied by the Cardinal Pietro Parolin and Archbishop Peña Parra.

The Holy Father continues his medical treatment while preparations for Ash Wednesday begin in St. Peter's. Despite his hospital stay, the Holy See continues to publish the Pope's messages foreseen for these days, such as the Angelus meditations, his Lenten message or his desire to accompany all the sick people of the world during these days with special affection.

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Initiatives

St. Josemaría's "The Way" inspires Hallow's Lenten challenge

The best known work of the founder of Opus Dei is the axis around which this Lent will revolve in Hallow, the most famous prayer application in the world.

Maria José Atienza-March 3, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

The Way is, without a doubt, the best known work of St. Josemaría Escriváthe founder of Opus Dei. It is not in vain that it is the fourth most translated work written in Spanish into other languages, after the QuixoteOne Hundred Years of Solitude y Love in times of cholera.

By 2025, the application Hallowthe world's most downloaded prayer and meditation app, has chosen this book, The Wayas a guide for your prayer challenge Lent 2025: The Waywhich will start on Ash Wednesday. Thus, through the reflections "to grow in holiness, humility and union with God in daily life" offered by "The Way", users will experience a more intense Lent of prayer, fasting and penance.

Through this challenge, the promoters of this initiative emphasize, "participants will be able to deepen their relationship with God, strengthening their faith and purpose during the Lent".

In addition, this challenge will involve, among others, Tamara Falcó and renowned Catholic who will share with Hallow's followers her testimony of faith.

This Lenten challenge will also feature the testimony of the Servant of God Takashi Nagai: a Japanese doctor converted to Catholicism who survived the atomic bombing of Nagasaki and who dedicated his last years to prayer and peace, being a true witness to sorry.

Along with this, on Thursdays, the application offers to join a holy hour, accompanied by reflections by Josepe Manglano, founder of Hakuna.

Lent in Hallow

Last year, more than 1.7 million people participated in the Hallow's Lenten challenge and this application was the most downloaded on mobile devices last Ash Wednesday. This year, the challenge will be available in eight languages and is expected to gather participants in more than 150 countries.

In addition, the famous Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro will be illuminated in purple on March 5 in an initiative promoted by Hallow to commemorate the beginning of Lent, one of the "strong seasons" of the Church.

Hallow is a mobile app that "helps people deepen their relationship with God through guided audio prayers, sleep meditations, Bible readings, music and more." It has more than 800 million completed prayers in more than 150 countries and 22 million downloads worldwide.

The Vatican

Cardinal Tolentino: "We need alliances, not trenches".

Tolentino de Mendonça came to Madrid and received Omnes there, before giving a lecture at the University of San Damaso on friendship. During this conversation, the Portuguese cardinal focuses on topics such as the presence of Catholics in the spheres of thought and, in a special way, in the field of arts and education.

Javier García Herrería-March 3, 2025-Reading time: 6 minutes

Cardinal José Tolentino is one of the most outstanding figures in the field of theology and contemporary culture. Born in Madeira, Portugal, he is a priest, theologian, poet and writer, with a long career in the study and dissemination of Christian thought in dialogue with the modern world. His work is characterized by a deep sensitivity to the human dimension of faith, exploring themes such as spirituality, mercy and the relationship between religion and culture. His ability to combine theological scholarship with a poetic outlook has made him an influential voice in the Church and beyond.

Since 2022, he has served as Prefect of the Dicastery for Culture and Education of the Vatican, a role in which he promotes the encounter between faith and contemporary cultural expressions. His work focuses on building bridges between Christian thought and the various philosophical, artistic and social currents of our time. Prior to his appointment, he was Librarian and Archivist of the Holy See.

Why did you choose the theme of friendship for your conference?

-It may seem an old, even simple topic, but friendship is something that, although it is part of our daily lives, we rarely reflect on it in depth. It seemed to me a crucial topic for several reasons. First, because the university, at its core, is a story of friendship. As Pope St. John Paul II recalled, the university was born of the friendship between teachers and students who sought the truth together. This friendship, which is at the origin of the university, continues today. The university is a community of friends seeking the truth together.

You link friendship with the search for truth. How does this friendship manifest itself in today's university context?

-In the university one learns to be a friend, especially a friend of truth. The university must broaden our thirst for knowledge and be a laboratory for searching, hypothesizing, confronting and deepening our understanding of the truth. This friendship for truth is what defines a university. 

Of course, a university has to be useful, to train people for specific objectives, but its first duty is to transmit this passion for the search for truth. The university is not only a place to acquire technical skills, but a space where a deep relationship with knowledge and with others is cultivated.

How do you see the role of the ecclesiastical universities in the construction of today's society? 

-Ecclesiastical universities play a vital role. Although some sciences that are cultivated in them, such as Theology or Canon Law, may seem distant from social reality, in reality they are fundamental. Without these disciplines, society is impoverished. 

Theology, sacred sciences, ancient literatures, the study of the word and canon law are essential sources for understanding human dignity and civil law. For this reason, ecclesiastical universities offer a very important contribution to society. They not only train professionals, but also help to build an integral vision of the human being and his place in the world.

In Spain there was a debate a few years ago about the role of Christian intellectuals. What do you think Christianity has to contribute to the social and intellectual life of the 21st century? How can Christians influence an increasingly secularized society?

-Democratic societies are pluralistic and need all contributions. Christianity offers a unique vision of the human person, his dignity and his destiny. 

In a world where there is talk of transhumanism and artificial intelligence, the fundamental question is: who is the human being? Christianity has much to contribute to this debate, especially in the defense of an integral vision of the person, who is not reduced to a mere consumer or instrument. 

Christians must be present in public life, reflecting on the sources of their faith and establishing a close dialogue in all media, both traditional and digital.

And how do you think Christians can get these ideas across to an increasingly secularized society? What strategies might be effective?

-We need alliancesnot trenches. We must seek forms of dialogue and social friendship that will allow us to overcome polarization and build a more just and humane society. 

Christians must be able to listen and speak with humility, but also with conviction. It is not a matter of imposing ideas, but of proposing them with clarity and respect. Moreover, it is essential that Christians be present in the spaces where thought and culture are constructed, such as universities, the media and social networks.

Pope Francis has spoken a lot about the importance of friendship between the Church and artists. How do you see this dialogue between the Church and the art world? What role does art play in the life of the Church?

-Art is a spiritual experience. Artists, through their work, seek the invisible, the transcendent. The Church needs artists to translate invisible truths into visible forms. 

Pope Francis has reinforced this friendship by summoning artists to the Sistine Chapel and visiting the Venice Biennale. Art is not only decorative; it is a radical search for meaning, and contemporary artists remind us that true beauty is that which carries within it the memory of suffering and compassion.

And how do you see the role of Catholic artists in this context? Do you think there is a resurgence of sacred art or artists inspired by faith?

-It's not about creating a club of Catholic artists, but about bringing everyone into dialogue. Catholic artists are a blessing for the Church, but our goal is to encourage dialogue among all artists, regardless of their faith. Art is a field of encounter and spiritual search, and that is something we should value and promote. There are artists who, from their faith, create profoundly significant works, but there are also non-believing artists who, through their work, help us to reflect on the great questions of existence. The important thing is that art continues to be a space for dialogue and the search for the transcendent.

Finally, let's talk about Catholic education. In Spain, for example, there are many Catholic schools, but not all of them transmit a solid doctrinal formation. How can we revitalize these institutions? What challenges do Catholic schools face in today's world?

-The Church is the main educational provider in the world, and this is a great responsibility. The Catholic school cannot just be a good school; it must be more. It must teach hope, offer an experience of integral humanity and form people, not just students. For this, the formation of teachers and the creation of a school community that lives the faith in a transversal way is fundamental. 

Catholic identity must be clear and visible, not only in symbols, but also in the quality of the human relationships that are established.

Cardinal Tolentino in a moment of the interview.

Many Catholic schools have few teachers who are true believers. What can be done?

-We cannot accept that schools be closed or that, because of economic difficulties, our schools end up in the hands of investment funds whose educational project is unknown to us. The Catholic school has an identity and is a good for all.

Families choose a Catholic school because they know that it teaches hope and transmits an integral experience of humanity that helps to form a synthesis between the human and spiritual dimensions, the true basis of life. 

A Catholic school cannot limit itself to being excellent in mathematics or any other discipline; it must have a clear and recognizable Christian identity.

And how does this identity manifest itself?

-Identity is not reduced to the presence of a chapel or religious symbols, although they are important. The Catholic identity is lived in the transversality of all the dimensions of the school: in the welcome, in the quality of human relations, in the openness and in the dialogue between faith and reason, which should occur in a natural way.

For this reason, the role of teachers and the entire educational team is fundamental. Their formation and commitment are essential to reinforce the awareness of the mission of the Catholic school and to sustain hope.

Today, in a secularized world, where many churches are emptying, Catholic schools are still full. This is a sign of credibility. To choose a Catholic school is to make a pact of trust with the Church. Families trust that there they will be formed not just a number, but a person. And that remains a fundamental truth.


* This interview was conducted on February 3, 2025.

Vocations

Jovan Ramos-Faylogna: "My parents did not support my decision to become a priest at the beginning".

Jovan Ramos-Faylogna was not born into a believing family, but that did not stop him from listening to God asking him to become a priest, which is why he decided to enter the seminary.

Sponsored space-March 3, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

This 25-year-old Filipino was born into a family of six children. He entered the seminary despite initial family opposition. He is now in his seventh year of formation as a seminarian in Rome, thanks to a scholarship from the CARF Foundation.

How did you discover your vocation to the priesthood?

-I did not grow up in a religious family. We were not the type to go to church every Sunday although we did attend Mass on special occasions. I guess my vocation was born out of my desire to be an altar boy. When we went to Mass I wanted to wear the vestments that altar servers wear, but I didn't know how to start. I didn't know who to talk to or who to consult about it, so for many years it was a dream in my heart.

When I was in the last years of high school, there were some extraordinary activities that happened in our school and we were all obliged to attend Holy Mass on Sundays. I went along with my friends. After going to Mass several weeks in a row, a friend invited me to join them in the youth ministry.

After a while, my pastor asked me if I wanted to become a priest in his congregation, but I refused. The question was repeated several times and I was also asked the question by some parishioners, but I constantly said no. I did not want to become a priest. One Saturday night, however, I told my pastorFather, I will not be able to go to Mass tomorrow because I am going to take the entrance exam for the seminary. He was shocked, but he supported me anyway. At that time I did not tell my parents that I had gone to the seminary because I was sure they would not agree. But in the end, when I received my exam results, I told them that I had passed.

What was the reaction of your family and friends when you told them you wanted to become a priest?

-When I told my family about my decision, they didn't agree. They told me that I could do whatever I wanted, but that they were not going to support me. I went to the seminary alone, with no one to accompany me, unlike my other classmates. But I stayed and stood firm in my decision. As the date of my investiture approached, I told my parents that they had to come, but that day was also my grandfather's funeral. I thought I would not see them, but 10 minutes before the Holy Mass, they showed up still wearing their funeral dresses, which gladdened my heart.

My parents were moved to tears and that was when they accepted my decision. They hugged me tightly and from then on they visited me in the seminary. When I returned home one day for a visit, the whole community of my town knew that I was a seminarian.

How would you describe the Church in the Philippines?

-With God's grace, I would say that the Church in the Philippines is alive in the religious and devotional sense. Although not all Filipinos know the faith or delve into the doctrines and dogmas of the Church, the faith is alive and active. The Philippine Church is a Church that loves to have processions. Devotions to the Virgin Mary and other devotional practices sustain their faith in the Church.

What are the challenges facing the Church in your country?

-I believe there are two challenges facing the Church. The first and most important is the lack of religious vocations. The second challenge, in my view, is that many other Christian denominations use the name of the Catholic Church or act like the Catholic Church for profit. People put on the trappings of the Catholic Church and create their own churches. Because of their imitation of the Church, the faithful can easily become confused and some fall into these false religions. 

What do you appreciate most about your education in Rome?

-Going to Rome for my theology studies was part of my dream when I entered the seminary. In fact, it was a surprise for me when my bishop asked me to come. 

Rome and the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross offer education not only through books, but also through the reality of life. I remember on my first day here in Rome, during my Italian class, the professor told us that we not only learn Theology inside the classroom, but also in the city itself, because the center of Catholicism is here.

The Vatican

Pope creates commission to seek donations

Pope Francis has created a permanent commission whose purpose is to encourage donations to the Holy See from the faithful, bishops' conferences and other benefactors.

Rome Reports-March 3, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute
rome reports88

The commission is currently composed of five members. Among its members are prominent figures such as Roberto Campisi, councilor for General Affairs of the Secretariat of State and president of the commission; Archbishop Flavio Pace, secretary of the Dicastery for the Promotion of Christian Unity; Sr; Sister Alessandra Smerilli, Secretary of the Dicastery for the Service of Integral Human Development; Sister Silvana Piro, Undersecretary for the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See; and Attorney Giuseppe Puglisi-Alibrandi, Deputy Secretary General of the Governorate of Vatican City State.


Now you can enjoy a 20% discount on your subscription to Rome Reports Premiumthe international news agency specializing in the activities of the Pope and the Vatican.

Evangelization

Saints Cunegunda of Luxembourg and Catherine Drexel, and martyrs of Ethiopia

On March 3, the liturgy celebrates St. Cunegunda, Bavarian queen and empress consort of Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor; the founding saints Teresa Verzeri, Italian, and Catherine Drexel (Philadelphia, United States); the Franciscan martyrs of Gondar (Ethiopia); or the martyr soldiers St. Emeterius and St. Celedonius, patrons of Santander and Calahorra (La Rioja), at the same time.  

Francisco Otamendi-March 3, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Santa Cunegunda, patron saint of Luxembourgwas born around 980 of a noble family. At the age of twenty she married St. Henry II, Duke of Bavaria, who, knowing that she was sterile, did not repudiate her, but preferred to live with her. They were crowned kings of Germany, and later in Rome they received the imperial crown from the hands of Pope Benedict VIII. 

During his reign he suffered a serious illness. He vowed that if he was cured, he would found a Benedictine monastery. When she recovered, work began. Henry II died before it was finished, and she assumed the regency of the empire. She helped the poor. Widowed and childless, she retired to the monastery she had founded (Kaufungen, Hesse), and lived there as a nun, doing prayer and humble tasks, until her death in 1040.

Founders in the United States and Italy

St. Catherine Drexel (Philadelphia, U.S.A., 1858), soon perceived the terrible state in which many Indians and blacks lived, and generously helped the missionaries who cared for them. In 1887 he asked Pope Leo XIII for more missionaries, and the Pope suggested to him that he become she missionary. She gave herself to God and founded the congregation of the Religious of the Blessed Sacrament. for Indians and blacksin which he professed.

The Italian Saint Teresa Eustoquio Verzeri was born in Bergamo in 1801. Since she was a child, she followed a process of interior purification, which made her live the experience of the absence of God. She dedicated herself to teaching, and at the age of 30 she founded the Congregation of the Daughters of the Sacred Heart, which cares for young people at risk, broken homes, children without families or sick people.

Martyrs in Ethiopia

Also from the March 3 are the Franciscan priest martyrs of Gondar (Ethiopia), Blessed Liberato Weiss (Bavarian), and Blessed Samuel Marzorati and Blessed Michael Pio Fasoli (Italian). The Catholic Church was trying to re-establish full communion with the Coptic Church. In 1697, the Holy See opened the mission of Ethiopia and entrusted it to the Franciscans. The Blesseds were well received in Gondar, but were slandered and stoned in 1716. 

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

United States

Light and shadows on Christianity in the U.S., according to Pew Research

The years-long decline of Christianity in the U.S. has slowed and has reportedly stabilized, according to the Pew Research's 2023-2024 Religious Landscape Study. However, Pew researchers estimate that "in the coming years we could see further declines in religiosity in the U.S. population," as "younger adults are much less religious than older adults."  

OSV / Omnes-March 3, 2025-Reading time: 5 minutes

- Gina Christian, OSV News
The multi-year decline of Christianity in the United States may have stabilized, but trends indicating a long-term decline are still evident, according to the Religious Landscape Study 2023-2024 from Pew Researchwhich surveyed nearly 37,000 U.S. adults on a range of topics related to religious beliefs and practices. 

The survey was conducted in English and Spanish between July 2023 and March 2024, and participants shared their opinions online, by mail or by phone. They were also asked about issues such as abortion, homosexuality, immigration and the role of government. 

– Supernatural population The U.S. population was 335 million in 2023, and last year it could reach around 345 million, third in the world ranking, after India (1.45 billion) and China (1.42 billion). Russia is in ninth place, with about 144 million, and the world's third largest economy, with a population of about 1.5 billion. European Union of the 27 has 449 million.

X-ray: Catholics, 19 %, Protestants, 40 %

The extensive report shows that 19 % of the U.S. population identify themselves as catholiconly 29 % attend religious services on a weekly or more frequent basis. 

The report revealed that 62 % of U.S. adults currently describe themselves as Christian, with the majority (40 %) being Protestant, 19 % Catholics and 3 % Christians of other denominations. 

The total number of Americans identifying as Christian has declined from 78 % in 2007 and 71 % in 2014. In 2007, 24 % of the nation identified as Catholic, a figure that dropped to 21% in 2021.

More than a quarter (29 %) of the U.S. population identifies as religiously unaffiliated, with the majority (19 %) describing themselves as religiously 'nothing in particular,' 5 % as atheist, and 6 % as agnostic. Another 7 % of the U.S. population belongs to religions other than Christianity, with 2 % of Jews and approximately 1% of Muslims, Buddhists and Hindus.

Settled beliefs, prayer once a day

Overall, however, a majority of Americans (86%) believe that people have souls or spirits, and 83 % say they believe in God or a universal spirit. A majority (79 %) also hold that there is a spiritual reality beyond the natural one, and 70 % believe in heaven, hell, or both.

Less than half (44 %) say they pray at least once a day, a figure that has held steady since 2021, and 33 % say they attend religious services at least once a month.

A downward perspective: young people, less religious

The Pew researchers estimate that "in the coming years we could see further declines in the religiosity of the American public." They note that "younger adults are much less religious than older adults" and "no recent birth bloc has become more religious as they have aged."

The "persistence" of a religious upbringing appears to have declined, while that of a nonreligious upbringing "appears to be increasing," say the Pew researchers.

Overall, "younger Americans remain much less religious than older Americans," Pew says, noting that 46 % of younger respondents (ages 18-24) identify as Christian, 27 % pray daily and 25 % attend religious services at least once a month. 

In comparison, among older respondents (74 years and older), 80 % identified themselves as Christian, 58 % prayed daily, and 49 % attended religious services at least once a month.

For lasting stability, "something would have to change."

The increase in people with no religious affiliation, or 'nones,' has also stabilized for now, after "rising rapidly for decades," Pew has noted. However, the new survey "cannot definitively answer" whether that short-term stability will be "permanent," cautioned Gregory A. Smith, Pew's associate director of research.

Although he and his team "can't predict the future," Smith told OSV News that the data show "very clearly" that "the underlying forces that drove the long-term declines are still very much in evidence."

"Younger adults in the population remain much, much less religious than older adults," Smith added. "We also know that the cohort of older Americans (...) will decline as a percentage of the population as people in that cohort pass away."

For the stability observed by Pew to be permanent, "something would have to change," Smith explained. "Either today's young adults would have to become much more religious as they age, or new generations would have to emerge in the future that are much more religious than today's young adults."

Religion in childhood and adulthood.

The survey shows that Americans' current religious identities, beliefs and practices are closely related to their upbringing. People who say they grew up in religious households are much more likely to be religious as adults.

More than half of people who say religion was very important in their families growing up also say religion is very important to them today. In contrast, among people who say religion was not too important or not at all important to their families growing up, only 17 % say religion is very important to them today.

Losses of Catholics, conversions

Catholics have also "experienced the largest net losses" due to what Pew researchers have termed "religious change," with 43 % of those educated as Catholics no longer identifying as such, "meaning that 12.8 % of all U.S. adults are former Catholics," the report notes.

However, Smith said, "it's also important to note that 1.5 % of American adults are converts to Catholicism." "That's millions of people," he noted, and "it means there are more converts to Catholicism in the United States than Episcopalians, for example. There are more converts to Catholicism than there are members of Congregational churches, and so on," he added.

Increased acceptance of abortion and homosexuality

Catholics surveyed by Pew have also shown greater acceptance of abortion and homosexuality since 2007.

Among Catholics surveyed, 59 % said abortion should be legal in most or all cases, compared with 48 % in both the 2007 and 2014 Pew surveys. The Catholic Church holds that human life must be respected and protected absolutely from the moment of conception, and since the 1st century has affirmed the moral evil of all procured abortion.

A majority (59 %) of religiously affiliated people in the U.S. say homosexuality should be accepted by society, and 74 % of Catholic respondents support that view. The Catholic Church, which teaches that sexual activity can only morally take place in marriage between a man and a woman, also teaches that people with homosexual inclinations "should be accepted with respect, compassion and sensitivity."

Religious affiliation of U.S. immigrants

About 14 % of foreign-born adult Americans identify with religions other than Christianity, including 4 % of U.S. immigrants who are Muslim, 4 % who are Hindu and 3 % who are Buddhist, according to the report.

The majority of immigrants born in other parts of the Americas are Christian (72 %), of whom 45 % are Catholic. Among immigrants from Europe, 57 % are Christian, 8 % identify with other religions, and 34 % have no religious affiliation.

Immigrants born in the Asia-Pacific region are evenly split between Christians, followers of non-Christian religions (14 % are Hindus, 11 % Buddhists and 7 % Muslims) and people with no religious affiliation.

The survey did not include a sufficient number of respondents born in the Middle East and North Africa or sub-Saharan Africa regions to be able to report on them separately.



This article is a translation of an article first published in OSV News. You can find the original article here.

The authorOSV / Omnes

Gospel

Hope in divine mercy. Ash Wednesday (C)

Joseph Evans comments on the readings for Ash Wednesday (C) corresponding to March 5, 2025.

Joseph Evans-March 3, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

In this Jubilee Year of Hope, it may be helpful to view Lent through the prism of this virtue. How could this Lent be a time of greater hope for us? In his Bull for the Jubilee Year, Spes Non ConfunditThe Holy Father quotes Sacred Scripture with these words: "you gave your children a good hope, for you grant repentance to sinners...so that...when we are judged we may hope for mercy." (Wisdom 12, 19-22). And in today's second reading we hear St. Paul quoting the prophet Isaiah: "In the favorable time I heard you, in the day of salvation I helped you.". And Paul insists: "now is the favorable time, now is the day of salvation.".

The very reality of Lent with its call to conversion speaks to us of hope because it tells us that God continues to call us and that conversion is possible. No one would be called if there were no hope that he or she could respond effectively. We are called to conversion because God truly offers us salvation and conversion is possible.

In the Gospel, Jesus points out various ostentatious forms of piety practiced by the "hypocrites". We must not give alms or pray or fast to be seen, "as hypocrites do". And Our Lord concludes: "verily I say unto you, they have received their reward.".

Seeking earthly praise shows a lack of hope. We seek the brief murmur of human praise because we do not trust God to give us an eternal reward. We cling to an immediate reward because we do not hope for a long-term one. In each case-in almsgiving, in prayer and in fasting-Jesus insists that if we do things with discretion, without seeking human adulation, "Your Father, who sees in secret, will repay you.". We must believe and hope in this reward, even if we do not see it on earth. This is why the Church invites us to intensify our works of mercy, our prayer and our voluntary sacrifice in this holy season, in view of an eternal reward. Thinking of this reward can spur us to live these practices. It is worthwhile to dedicate more time to prayer and works of charity; it is worthwhile to deny ourselves, because whatever we give on earth will be returned to us with infinite generosity in heaven. As St. Josemaría Escrivá says: "It is good for you to serve God as a son, without pay, generously... -But don't worry if you ever think about the prize." (Road 669).

The Vatican

Pope Francis receives Pietro Parolin again in hospital

Pope Francis remains stable, according to the communiqué of the Holy See for March 2. The Pontiff attended Holy Mass in the morning at the Gemelli hospital and again received Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Parolin and Archbishop Peña Parra.

Paloma López Campos-March 2, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

Pope Francis' state of health remains stable, according to the Holy See's communiqué of Sunday, March 2. Doctors report that the Holy Father no longer requires non-invasive mechanical ventilation and that the fever has not returned.

Despite this, the prognosis remains guarded, since the clinical picture is complex. Nevertheless, the Pontiff attended Holy Mass in the morning at the Gemelli hospital and received the Cardinal Secretary of State, Pietro Parolinand Archbishop Peña Parra.

Pope Francis alternates therapy for recovery with times of prayer and small work sessions, according to the Holy See. But he is not scheduled to take part in the celebration of the Ash Wednesday. The Vatican has confirmed that Cardinal De Donatis will preside at the liturgy on that day.

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Pope's teachings

Communicating and sharing hope

Pope Francis encourages communicators around the world to remember the essence of the journalist's vocation in order to restore to communication its original meaning.

Ramiro Pellitero-March 2, 2025-Reading time: 7 minutes

What were the first message and the first great event of the Holy Year? The Pope dedicated them to the world of communication. It happened shortly before his admission to the hospital.

As has often been the case, there are two possible readings of his teachings. First, that of his immediate interlocutors, not only those present in St. Peter's Square, but in this case all professional communicators. Second, that of all Christians, and even of all persons called to communicate, in this case all professional communicators. Jubilee Yearespecially hope.

Communicators of hope

In his message for World Communications Day (dated 24-I-2025, the Day will be celebrated on June 1) and in the framework of the Jubilee year, Francis invites especially professionals in this field to be communicators of hope.

How: "Beginning with a renewal of its work and mission according to the spirit of the Gospel".

In the introduction to his message, Francis takes a look at how communication is presented today (often full of prejudices and provoking hatred and wounds). And he points out, as on other occasions, "the need to 'disarm' the communication, to purify it from aggressiveness"Disarming communication is a prerequisite for proper communication. 

Secondly, he explains, today we should not reduce communication to a slogan, that threatens to make "to prevail the paradigm of competition, of opposition, of the will of domination and possession, of manipulation of the public opinion".

There is also a third worrisome phenomenon: the ".programmed dispersion of attention". That is to say, the fact that digital systems shape us according to the laws of the market, and modify our perception of reality, making us individualists, disinterested in the common good and incapable of listening to understand others. They make us individualists, disinterested in the common good and incapable of listening to understand others, their faces become blurred and we can easily turn them into "enemies". Meanwhile, in the face of this distortion of reality, hope becomes more difficult. 

The successor of Peter quotes Bernanos here: "Only those who have had the courage to despair of the illusions and lies in which they found a security that they falsely took for hope. [...] Hope is a risk to run. It is even the risk of risks". (Freedom for what? Madrid 1989, 91-92).

But, the Pope warns, for Christians hope - hidden, constant and patient virtue - is indispensable. 

And why? Because, as Benedict XVI said, it is a "performative" virtue, that is, capable of changing life: "He who has hope lives differently; he has been given a new life." (enc. Spe salvi, n. 2).

Francis' message then suggests three ways for communication, above all for Christians, but in different ways for many others as well: to give reason for our hope; to hope together; not to forget the heart. The first, taken from St. Peter; the second, developed by Benedict XVI in his encyclical Spe salvi (2007); the third, linked to the magisterium of Pope Francis, especially in his encyclical Dilexit us ("He loved us", 2024).

Giving reason for our hope

"To give reason with meekness of the hope that is in us"The Pope proposes, following the first letter of Peter (cf. 3:15-16). In it, Francis sees the relationship between hope, witness and Christian communication. Grounded in the Risen Christ, we must give - with gentleness and respect - a reason for our hope. Christ lives with us through the Holy Spirit that he has given us and that comes to each of us through baptism. 

In this letter of St. Peter, Francis detects three messages: 

First, regarding the foundation of our hope. What makes hope possible and realistic is that Christ lives and the Holy Spirit acts in us the life and strength of Christ. 

Second, with regard to our responsibility: we must be willing (and the Pope's understanding of this "willingness" is very demanding) to give this "reason" for our hope. It is demanding because it does not mean only to speak; it means to reflect "the beauty of his love, a new way of living all things.". And this is so because "it is the love lived that raises the question and demands the answer: why do they live like this, why are they like this?".

Third message, as soon as in the manner to give a reason for our hope. St. Peter says: "with delicacy and respect". And Francis adds: with gentleness and closeness, as companions on the road, following the example of Jesus with the disciples of Emmaus. 

"For this reason -The Pope points out with the language of the weavers of dreams, I dream of a communication that knows how to make us companions along the way of so many of our brothers and sisters, in order to rekindle hope in them in such a troubled time.". This communication must be "able to speak to the heart, not to arouse passionate reactions of isolation and anger, but attitudes of openness and friendship."; of "betting on beauty and hopea even in the most seemingly hopeless situations"; "capable of commitment, empathy and interest in others"to help us to to recognize the dignity of every human being and [to] care for our common home together" (enc. Dilexit us, 217).

He goes on to insist on the relationship between communication and hope: "I dream of a communication that does not sell illusions or fears, but is able to give reasons to hope."(and evokes the style of Martin Luther King). But this asks us to cure ourselves of self-referentiality and useless speeches. In this way we will be able to make others feel included in the hope that we propose and be "pilgrims of hope", as the Jubilee motto says.

Hope is lived together

The Jubilee proclaims hope as both a personal and communitarian project. We walk - we live - together and together we pass through the Holy Door. 

For this reason, Francis points out, the Jubilee has many social implications. We are challenged by the prisoners in jails, by those who suffer or are marginalized. 

To the communicators, as part of those who work for peace, that "shall be called children of God" (Mt 5:9) the Jubilee calls for a "....attentive, calm, reflective communication, capable of indicating paths of dialogue".

For this reason, the successor of Peter encourages them to tell "stories of good" hidden among the folds of the chronicle; as if imitating gold diggers sifting the sand for the minuscule nugget. "It is beautiful to find these seeds of hope and make them known.".

Hope is a task of the heart

Hope," the Pope observes, "is lived from the heart. This means "to be meek and never forget the face of the other; to speak to the heart". Do not let yourself be carried away by instinctive reactions, but ".always sow hope, even when it is difficult, even when it costs, even when it seems to bear no fruit". 

Hope leads us to try to practice a communication that knows how to "healing the wounds of our humanity". 

Here Francis gives a central key: the trust of the heart. For, in fact, hope has to do essentially with trust (with faith, already at the human level) and with love. The confidence-hope, let us call it so, that the future will be better for the children, for the children, for the poor. 

No one denies that this is a challenge, but we need it very much.non-hostile communication, spreading a culture of care, building bridges and breaking through the visible and invisible walls of our time."; a "to tell stories full of hope, taking into account our common destiny and writing together the history of our future.". And since the Pope speaks for Christians (though not exclusively), he concludes that this communication is possible with the grace of God that the Jubilee helps us to receive in abundance.

The vocation of journalists

On January 25, the Jubilee of the Jubilee of Communicators took place, first event of the Holy Year.

In his speech, which he did not read but referred to the participants, Francis began by remembering those who have lost their lives in the service of this task - more than 120 in the last year alone - and those who are in prison for having been faithful to the profession of informing - more than 500. For these he asked for their release, and defended freedom of the press and freedom of thought together with the right to truthful information.

The vocation and mission of journalists," he said, "is fundamental in our society. In communication, it is important not only what is narrated - the facts - but how it is done, to nurture hope, create bridges and open doors, and not the opposite. 

Courage and liberation of the heart

Francis then went on to deepen his dialogue with the reporters on the basis of two questions addressed to him by the reporters. 

First of all, courage: "that inner drive, that strength that comes from the heart and that allows us to face difficulties and challenges without being overwhelmed by fear.". 

The word "courage" - the Pope adds - could recapitulate all the reflections of the World Communications Days of recent years. 

To the appeal for the release of the detained journalists, Francis now adds the appeal of the "release of the inner strength of the heart"

The Pope urges us to take advantage of the Jubilee to renew or rediscover this courage. What does it consist of? 

"Let us put back at the center of our heart the respect for what is highest and noblest in our humanity, let us avoid filling it with what rots and decays it. The choices that each of us makes count, for example, in expelling that 'brain rot' caused by addiction to the continual scrollingSlippage', in social networks, chosen by Oxford Dictionary as word of the year". 

And the Pope wonders: "Where to find the best cure for this disease but by working, all together, on education, especially that of young people?

To do this - he proposes - we need a "media literacy".that is: an education in critical thinking and discernment, so that we grow personally and participate actively in our communities.

"We need courageous entrepreneurs, courageous computer engineers, so that the beauty of communication is not corrupted. Great changes cannot be the result of a multitude of sleeping minds, but begin with the communion of enlightened hearts.".

Like St. Paul, who was converted following an encounter with the light of the risen Christ on the road to Damascus and the subsequent explanation given to him by Ananias, the work of communication can also render this service: "...".Finding the right words for those rays of light that can touch the heart and make us see things in a different way.".

Telling and sharing hope

St. Paul recounts the event of his conversion three times in the book of the Acts of the Apostles. On the occasion of this Jubilee, Peter's successor exhorts communicators: 

"Also tell stories of hope, stories that nourish life. May your art of storytelling (storytellling) is also the art of telling stories of hope  (hopetelling). When you count evil, leave room for the possibility of mending what is torn, so that the dynamism of good can mend what is broken. Sow questions".

The book of life

An unexpected find contained the voice of a father who, beyond time and absence, continued to guide his son.

March 2, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

Since my father passed away, I had not opened the plastic container in which my mother had sent me the things she thought I would be interested in: some photos, his sailor cap, several books... But I had not seen that package with my name written on it! 

My heart skipped a beat when I recognized my father's handwriting. From its weight and size, it looked like a book, but what was it? Did it have a dedication? And why, in so many years, had my mother not told me of its existence?  

There would be time to look for a culprit; the important thing then was to see what was inside. My trembling hands barely managed to undo the loop of the string and tear the kraft paper of the wrapping. Inside, an old notebook with yellowed gridded pages. On the cover, glued, a cardboard card with a typed title: The book of life. The pad smelled of Imedio glue, and as I flipped through it, I saw that it contained numerous newspaper clippings and photographs.

On the first page he had written: "Dear son, I love you. I have loved you from the moment your mother and I found out you were on your way. I have loved you during the wonderful years when you shared a place in our home. I loved you when you left to start your own family. And now that I am no longer with you, I still love you for eternity. But since I cannot communicate with you from here, I have thought of writing this book so that it can serve as a guide and support in your day to day life".

Each page of the notebook was a true marvel. Stories and accounts of our family that explained many of my hobbies and obsessions; advice on how to carry on with marriage, work or the education of my children; words of consolation in the face of failure, encouragement in times of low hours, sobriety in the face of success... So much wisdom given in those pages! And all this explained with humility, without trying to impose, but with the gentleness and pedagogy of a loving father, as he was. It was not the diary of a narcissist, but a generous gift made of scraps of life.

I spent the whole afternoon reading each warning, surprising myself with each detail marked with red marker in the photographs, learning about human nature with each comment to the news clippings... On the last page, I had drawn a path that was lost in a horizon behind which rays of light flashed. At the bottom of the illustration, the sentence: "I hope that someday you will come by your own path to the light that I have already found; and that in this way you too can be lamp for your children. I cried, I laughed, but most of all I felt very, very loved.

I returned all the mementos to the storage box to take it back up to the storage room, but the notebook I carried to my bedroom bookcase with the intention of returning to it whenever I felt like it. As I placed it in the recess on the shelf, I noticed that right next to it was the old collector's edition bible that he gave me when I got married and that he so insisted I read from time to time. A thin layer of dust covered its leather cover. I don't know how many years it had been there, untouched. 

Curiosity piqued, I took it out, opened a page at random and my gaze stopped, without knowing why, on one of its verses: "Your word is a lamp for my steps, light on my path". 

I smiled. 

Maybe he had had two books of life all this time... and he was just now beginning to know it.

The authorAntonio Moreno

Journalist. Graduate in Communication Sciences and Bachelor in Religious Sciences. He works in the Diocesan Delegation of Media in Malaga. His numerous "threads" on Twitter about faith and daily life have a great popularity.

Culture

Catholic scientists: María Aránzazu Vigón, pioneer in atomic research

María Aránzazu Vigón, a pioneer in atomic research who received her doctorate in physical sciences from the Max Planck Institute. This series of short biographies of Catholic scientists is published thanks to the collaboration of the Society of Catholic Scientists of Spain.

Alfonso Carrascosa-March 2, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

María Aránzazu Vigón was the daughter of General Vigón, a Catholic monarchist who participated in the education of the children of Alfonso XIII and who promoted scientific research, being president of the Nuclear Energy Board and of the National Institute of Aeronautical Technology. She was a woman of deep Catholic convictions, received as a child in her family environment, and worked with women like Piedad de la Cierva, of Opus Dei, or with her sister María Teresa, who would leave her scientific career to become a nun. She had to do with the development of nuclear energy in Spain, with the Optics Institute of the CSIC and the Laboratory and Research Workshop of the General Staff of the Navy, and with the military scientist and also a practicing Catholic José María Otero Navascués.

She had eight siblings, all of them - also the three sisters - with university studies. María Aránzazu and María Teresa studied science, the other studied philosophy. José Mª Otero Navascués, selected her to participate in the work of the Nuclear Energy Board. She received high-level academic training in European and North American centers on nuclear technology, together with a group of Spanish physicists.

In 1948 he received a grant from the Spanish government to travel to Rome to the Institute of Nuclear Physics, where he studied Geiger counters, which according to José María Otero Navascués had to learn to build in Spain to work in nuclear physics, and to Milan to the Centro di Informazioni Studi ed Esperienze. In 1949 he taught, together with Carlos Sánchez del Río, the first course on nuclear physics in Spain. He received his doctorate at the Max Planck Institute of Physics under the direction of Karl Wirtz at the beginning of the 1950's. He later studied at the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Chicago. She also obtained research funding from international entities; specifically, the International Atomic Energy Agency approved in 1961 a project directed by her entitled 'Studies on the properties of moderating and multiplying media by means of the pulsed neutron technique'.

The authorAlfonso Carrascosa

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC).

The Vatican

The Pope spends the day stable

Pope's condition remains stable, with no fever or serious respiratory complications. He continues with oxygen therapy and physiotherapy, cooperating actively.

Javier García Herrería-March 1, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

Pope Francis' health condition remains stable, according to the latest medical report released by the Vatican. Despite the complexity of the clinical picture, the Pontiff has maintained stable hemodynamic parameters and continues to respond well to treatment.

The Vatican Press Office has reported that the Holy Father has alternated non-invasive mechanical ventilation with long periods of high-flow oxygen therapy, thus achieving "a good response to gas exchange." In addition, he has not presented fever or signs of infection, since "he is apyretic and shows no leukocytosis," indicating that his immune system has not detected significant infections.

He continues his routine with physical therapy and prayer.

Pope Francis continues to feed himself and has been actively cooperating in his respiratory physiotherapy sessions, which is a good sign. The doctors have also confirmed that "he has not presented any episode of bronchospasm"a respiratory complication that could have complicated his condition.

"The Holy Father is always vigilant and oriented," the specialists emphasized. During the afternoon, he received the Eucharist and has devoted some time to prayer.

Prudence in forecasting

Although the evolution of Pope Francis has been positive in the last 24 hours, doctors insist that the prognosis remains guarded and it is necessary to wait for the next few days to better assess his recovery. The Holy See continues to ask for prayers for his health.

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The Vatican

The statue of Our Lady of Fatima will be in Rome in October 2025.

The original statue of Our Lady of Fatima will be in Rome on the occasion of the Jubilee of Marian Spirituality, October 11-12, 2025. The famous image of Our Lady, symbol of the "Hope that does not disappoint," will be present among the faithful at the Holy Mass in St. Peter's Square on Sunday, October 12, 2025 at 10:30 a.m.  

Francisco Otamendi-March 1, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

The visit to Rome of the statue of Our Lady of Fatima on Sunday, October 12 of this year, on the occasion of the Jubilee of Hope, will be the fourth. 

The first was in 1984 on the occasion of the Extraordinary Jubilee of the Redemption of 1984, when on March 25 St. John Paul II consecrated the world to the Immaculate Heart of Mary; the second time took place during the Great Jubilee of the Year 2000, and the third, in October 2013, on the occasion of the Year of Faith with Pope Francis.

The entrance of pilgrims to St. Peter's Square on the occasion of the Eucharistic Celebration on October 12 will be free of charge, and no ticket will be required. Registration for participation in the jubilee event is already open on the website and will end on August 10, 2025, according to the Dicastery for Evangelization.

Mother who never abandons her children

"The presence of the beloved original statue of Our Lady of Fatima will allow everyone to experience the closeness of the Virgin Mary," stressed the Proprefect of the Dicastery for Evangelization, Archbishop Rino Fisichella, "one of the most significant Marian icons for Christians all over the world which, as the Holy Father underlines in the Bull of Convocation of the Jubilee. Spes non confunditThey revere her as "the most loving of mothers, who never abandons her children". 

At Fatima, in fact, Our Lady said to the three little shepherds what she continues to assure each one of us: "I will never abandon you. My Immaculate Heart will be your refuge and the way that will lead you to God".

The Lady, pilgrim of hope

"This statue leaves the Shrine of Cova da Iria exceptionally and only at the request of the Popes," commented the rector of the Shrine of Fatima, don Carlos Cabecinhas.

In this Jubilee time, Our Lady of Fatima is the woman of Easter joy, even in the sorrowful times in which the world lives. Once again, the "Lady dressed in white" will be a pilgrim of hope and, in Rome, she will be with the "bishop dressed in white", as the shepherd children of Fatima affectionately called the Holy Father.

Usually: Apparition Chapel

The sculpture, the work of Portuguese artist José Ferreira Thedim in 1920, is usually kept in the chapel of the Apparitions of the Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima. 

In that place, in fact, from May to October 1917, Our Lady appeared six times to the shepherd children Lucia dos Santos, 10 years old, Jacinta Marto, 7, and Francisco Marto, 9.

The statue, 104 centimeters high, was carved from Brazilian cedar, following the indications of the three shepherd children. It was solemnly crowned on May 13, 1946 and the bullet that hit John Paul II in the 1981 assassination attempt was later embedded in the crown.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

A new call 

The world awaits the hospitalization of Pope Francis and the need for a Christian presence in society in the face of secularism.

March 1, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

The Catholic world has spent the last few weeks in Rome. The long hospitalization of Pope Francisand its consequences for the development of what seem to be the final stages of his pontificate, have brought the Church to the forefront of the news on half the planet. 

There are many questions that the situation of these days has left on the conscience of many Catholics. Among them, the fact that what today we call the personal testimonyThe first thing to consider is whether we are truly convinced that the light of faith is capable of illuminating all aspects of our life and bringing it to fullness in such a way that we are able to propose a solid philosophical reflection that arises from a Christian perspective, translated into an active and critical presence in the spaces where the ideas that guide our societies are constructed. 

It is not a question of building a Christian society on the margins of the present one, or even in opposition to it, but rather that the Catholic condition should not be an obstacle but rather an impulse for decisive public action and the transformation of society. 

In these years, we have lived through a pontificate in which, from the consideration of God as the father of all, the Pope has placed at the center what he called the existential peripheriesThe poorest of the poor, those who have no homeland, no place to return to, no care to live in, and so on. Fruits of a throwaway society that has discarded, in the first instance, God from its principles and, therefore, from all its creation. 

Secularism has gained ground, and with it, a vision of the world that leaves aside the Christian roots that, for centuries, have given meaning to reflection on the human. A secularism that is also present, in practice, in institutions of Christian inspiration and that, on many occasions, is filled with philosophies that are not only far removed from the Christian tradition, but are even opposed to it.

Perhaps it is not necessary for the life of the Church to make the front page of a newspaper, beyond the "extraordinary" news like the one we are experiencing these days, but it is urgent that Christian ideas resume their place in public debates, in universities, in the media and, above all, in the daily life of citizens. Not as an add-on or a "cloak" of Christianity, but as the source of dialogical reasoning. Only then will the missionary option be real. "capable of transforming everything" Pope Francis called for in Evangelii GaudiumHis "pontificate program" does not end with the end of an era.

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The Vatican

Pope suffers worsening respiratory condition

After several days of slight but continuous improvement, today the Pope suffered an episode of bronchospasm that aggravated his clinical condition.

Maria José Atienza-February 28, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

Pope Francis' health has suffered a setback after several days of "stability" within the seriousness of his condition. As reported by the Holy See this afternoon, the Pope suffered "an isolated bronchospasm crisis that led to an episode of vomiting with inhalation and a sudden worsening of the respiratory condition" in the early afternoon.

A serious episode due to the delicate health condition of the Pope who "was rapidly bronchoaspirated and non-invasive mechanical ventilation was started, with a good response in gas exchange".

The statement stressed that the Pope did not lose consciousness at any time and that he was able to cooperate with the therapeutic maneuvers.

The prognosis for the Pope's health "remains reserved". This afternoon, as has been done since February 24, St. Peter's Square will host the prayer of the Holy Rosary for the Pope's health, presided over by Cardinal Victor Manuel Fernandez, Prefect of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith.

Evangelization

Blessed Trojanowski (Auschwitz), and martyrs in Japan, China and Alexandria

The Catholic liturgy celebrates several saints and blessed on February 28. Among them, the Polish Blessed Timothy Trojanowski, who died in Auschwitz; the Blessed Martyrs of Unzen, Japanese lay people, and the Martyrs of Alexandria; the French missionary St. Augustus Chapdeleine, martyred in China; St. Hilary, Pope, or the anchorite St. Roman.  

Francisco Otamendi-February 28, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Blessed Timothy Trojanowski was born in Sadlowo (Poland) in 1908, to a humble family, so he could hardly go to school and soon began to work. At the age of 22 he donned the Franciscan habit among the Conventuals of Niepokalanów, where he worked in the editorial office of 'The Knight of the Immaculate', in the distribution of Franciscan newspapers and in the infirmary.

In October 1941, he was arrested and deported to the extermination camp of Auschwitzwhere, in spite of the very harsh conditions, consoled and exhorted to trust in God to the prisoners, reports the Franciscan Directory. Due to the harsh prison conditions, he contracted pneumonia two months later and died on February 28, 1942. He is one of the martyrs of World War II beatified by St. John Paul II in 1999.

Japanese laity martyred

The Blessed Martyrs of Unzen are 16 Japanese lay people from the diocese of Funai, martyred in the sulphates of Mount Unzen in Nagasaki on February 28, 1627, and beatified in 2008 in a group of 188 martyrs, led by the samurai Paul Uchibori. Almost all had previously suffered imprisonment and torture. Some were descendants or relatives of martyrs, catechists who had hosted hidden missionaries, risking their lives. Pablo Uchibori died saying: "Praise be to the Blessed Sacrament".

Martyrs of Alexandria: they caught the plague

The holy martyrs of Alexandria are also called "martyrs of the plague". In the year 262, the plague ravaged the city of Alexandria and caused thousands of deaths. A large group of Christians, priests, deacons and lay people assisted the plague victims without hesitation, providing them with services in death and also afterwards, and they were infected and died martyrs. St. Dionysius, bishop of Alexandria, recounts this in a letter. 

The French priest St. Auguste Chapdeleine, born in La Rochelle in 1914, joined the Paris Foreign Mission Society in 1851. The following year he embarked for the mission of Guangxi (China), where he arrived in February 1854, after preparing himself and overcoming many difficulties. He was imprisoned in China on false charges, and a mandarin had him locked in a small cage. Once dead, he was beheaded. The Church canonized him in the year 2000 (In leap years, his memory is celebrated on February 29).

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Books

Lukas Wick: "Islam is a wake-up call to bourgeois Christianity".

The author of 'The Challenges of Islam,' Lukas Wick, has been studying the Muslim faith for more than 20 years. In an interview with Omnes, Wick considers that "the intellectual debate with Islam is an opportunity to take seriously the Christian heritage". In his opinion, "Islam is a wake-up call to bourgeois Christianity".  

Francisco Otamendi-February 28, 2025-Reading time: 6 minutes

Lukas Wick studied Arabic literature, Islamic studies and philosophy in Geneva and Damascus, received his PhD in Bern on Muslim theology and the constitutional state, and writes on topics related to Islam.

He has now published 'The Challenges of Islam' in. Ediciones Palabra. He notes that people do not take the content of Islam seriously, and suggests that it would be good to recognize that "Islam is very different, incompatible with a Christian worldview in many respects, and to express this openly and honestly in dialogue."

Share with Rémi Brague that Islam and Islamism are two varieties of the same religion, both with the intention of bringing the world under the rule of Allah, and that they differ only in the means and patience to achieve this goal.

In conclusion, he states that the progression of Islam is a great opportunity to deepen our history, our fundamental values and our Christian roots. 

First of all, the genesis of your book, what led you to write it. Is it just the ignorance you warn about Islam? There seems to be more to it. With immigration, Islam is spreading.

- 2-3 years ago I organized a series of lectures on Islam. Afterwards, I was asked to edit my remarks for a wider audience. The result is the little book 'The Challenges of Islam'. However, I have been studying the Muslim faith and its intellectual history for more than twenty years, particularly in my thesis on 'Islam and the Constitutional State'. In view of large-scale Muslim immigration and the countless outbreaks of Islamist violence in recent years, we cannot avoid an intellectual debate on Islam. With my book, I am addressing first and foremost a broad public and not a small circle of experts.

You point out the challenges posed by Islam to theology, anthropology, law and politics. And you say that "we must take Islam as it is, without softening it or trying to adapt it to our sensibilities". Explain a little.

- In public discourse, I often find that the content of Islam is not taken seriously. People try to gloss over the unpleasant aspects and align them with the Western conception of personhood, freedom and human rights, but in doing so they openly misrepresent the content of the Qur'an. 

It would be much more effective if people would not constantly try to find parallels and common denominators, but would recognize that Islam is very different, incompatible with a Christian worldview in many respects, and express this openly and honestly in dialogue.

For example, the differences between the Christian God and Allah according to the Koran, the relationship with God, the graduation in the dignity of man, the authority of man over woman, etc.

- The concept of God fundamentally distinguishes the Christian faith from Islam. Christians believe in a triune God. God is love, reveals himself to man, allows him to participate in his inner life and even approaches him in Jesus Christ. Islam, on the other hand, has a concept of Allah that hardly differs from a philosophical image of God. Although Allah is the one God, he ultimately remains distant from man. The fear of God is enormous in Islam, as he constantly threatens terrifying punishments in the Qur'an. It is logical that these differences are also reflected in the concept of man and his dignity.

The challenges of Islam

AuthorLukas Wick
Editorial: Ediciones Palabra
Number of pages: 128
Language: english

In the social order, a political order that separates the spiritual from the temporal plane is not conceivable. Perhaps it may be of interest to comment on the concept of holy war or 'jihad', with its quotation of the Egyptian Jesuit Samir Khalil Samir.

- During my doctoral thesis, I analyzed a book by Mahmut Shaltut. He was Sheikh of al-Azhar between 1958 and 1963 and thus the highest authority in Sunni Islam. In one passage he writes that politics and religion cannot be separated in Islam, just as you cannot separate a person's head from his body without killing him. All attempts to ignore this theological requirement are dishonest. Although the political reality of Islamic countries is often very different, the unity of politics and religion remains the ideal to strive for in Islam.

The same can be said of jihad. The supposed difference between "greater jihad" and 'lesser jihad' lacks any historical basis. The idea that the greater jihad is the ascetic struggle against evil inclinations, for virtue and self-improvement, as advocated by some Sufis, and that the lesser jihad is a defensive struggle against the enemies of Islam, is pure illusion. Omar Abdel-Rahman, leader of the terrorist organization al-jama'a al-islamiyyaHe rejected it as ridiculous in an extensive dissertation at the University of al-Azhar. Islam has this militant dimension. It does not have to express itself always and everywhere in a warlike jihad, but the objective of the conquest of the world does not disappear for that reason.

Let's talk for a moment about religious freedom, and violence and the threat of violence, jihadism. What is your thesis?

- Religious freedom is ultimately the crucial issue. A democracy cannot do without it. However, a democracy can only guarantee it if its citizens are inwardly convinced of the value of this freedom. Ernst-Wolfang Böckenförde, the late German constitutional judge, once succinctly said: "The liberal, secularized state lives on preconditions that it cannot guarantee itself.

Therefore, if more and more people among us do not recognize this freedom, it will erode and may even disappear altogether at some point. We also see this with other rights that are increasingly eroded for other reasons (freedom of conscience, right to life, freedom of expression).

Muslim immigrants are often the first victims of the decline in the number of immigrants. freedom of religion. The social pressure and threat of violence to which they are exposed is making it impossible for them in countless European cities to exercise their religious freedom and, possibly, to move away from Islam and towards other religions.

Your book indicates that it is important to distinguish between the doctrine of Islam (normative dimension), and the followers of Islam (effective dimension). Many Muslims in Western countries do not practice their religion and would not want to live under an Islamic regime. Is this the case?

- Islamic norms can hardly be reformed. The inviolability of the Koran, tradition and the weight of history are insurmountable mortgages. However, many Muslims in Europe often have only a vague idea of Islam and invent something that they then sell as "the" Islam. They try to adapt and meander between their traditional beliefs and the comforts of modern consumer society. They represent the silent majority who neither desire Islamic rule nor go to holy war. 

However, fundamentalist believers, in particular, are attempting to take control of interpretation and reach a staggering number of rootless and meaning-seeking youth through modern communication platforms. Surveys indicate that an alarmingly high number of young people desire an Islamic order under Shariah. Unfortunately, history teaches us that small and well-organized groups can achieve a lot. We must be vigilant.

Two questions to conclude. First, you do not believe in a process of "softening Islam and its doctrine", because, following Rémi Brague, the difference between Islamism and so-called moderate Islam is one of degree, rather than of nature.

- Islam cannot be weakened without denaturing it. Those who truly believe that the Koran was revealed by Allah in pure Arabic have little room for interpretation. The so-called fundamentalist Muslims are, therefore, more coherent Muslims. They organize their lives entirely according to the Koran and make no concessions, even if this irritates our sensibilities. In my opinion, Rémi Brague sums it up well. Islam and Islamism are two varieties of the same religion, both with the intention of submitting the world to the rule of Allah. They differ only in the choice of means and in the patience to achieve this goal, but not in their content.

Second issue, and last question. The West is weak intellectually and, above all, spiritually, and Islam is expanding. His thesis is that we are facing a great opportunity for the old continent, and for Christians, to deepen our history, our fundamental values and our Christian roots. How to achieve this?

- It would be too easy to stigmatize Muslims and Islam. Despite its highly problematic and frightening aspects, the presence of Islam offers us a good opportunity to become aware of the specificity of the Christian worldview. Islam is a wake-up call to bourgeois Christianity and to the countless non-Christians or ex-Christians. 

Our culture continues to be strongly characterized by Christian ideas, which are reflected in everyday life and in our political institutions. The Christian foundations of the West and their very specific manifestations are today threatened, on the one hand, by Islam and various dictatorships, which reject these foundations, and on the other hand, by a secular, indifferent or even anti-religious "elite" that wants to get rid of these foundations. The intellectual debate with Islam is an opportunity to take the Christian heritage seriously instead of managing it like a museum.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Culture

The Reed of God (1944) by Caryll Houselander. A special sensitivity

The Spanish translation of The reed of GodThe author talks with a very particular voice, showing how sensitivity can lead to God and become part of the relationship with Him, as it happened to Mary.

Sara Barrena and Jaime Nubiola-February 28, 2025-Reading time: 4 minutes

Caryll Houselander (1901-1954) was an English religious writer, very popular in England, but completely unknown in Spain. She has been translated for the first time into Spanish by Enrique Naval: it is about her book The reed of God [The Reed of Godwritten in 1944 (Rialp, 2023). The title refers to Mary, who is the reed of God, because "she was like a reed flute through which eternal love was to sound like a shepherd's song." (p. 21).

Houselander was baptized at age six as a Catholic along with her mother, but in her youth she broke away from the Church and explored other religious traditions. "He returned to the Catholic Church at age 25 with a passionate intensity and continued to work as an artist, while writing books and providing spiritual guidance and counseling." (p. 194). 

Throughout his life he had various mystical experiences that led him to discover Christ in others: "We must let Christ grow in us as he did in Mary. And we must be aware that whatever grows in silence in us is Christ growing in us. We have to let thoughts, words and songs grow slowly and develop in us in the darkness." (p. 67).

In the presence of God

When looking at this book, the reader immediately notices the very special tone of Houselander's voice that conveys his personal experience of God and the supernatural order. "Right now, as I write these words." -she gushes from her pen in the midst of World War II- "Every country in the world spends all its time and energy on killing. Young men are on the battlefield or in warships or bombers or preparing for war drills. Millions and millions of pounds go into building weapons to kill, not once in a while, but daily. Hunger sets in or grows in country after country. Children are lying in the streets. Knowing with terrible wisdom that the end has come, they cover themselves in rags and prepare to die. In the face of all this, I sit here in a bombed-out city, and say that a young woman two thousand years ago gave herself to God, and [that] man's nature can be constantly renewed, live an ever young life, and that all carry into the world, not death, but the miraculous life of the Spirit: all as bearers of Christ to the world." (p. 85).

Caryll Houselander is not a 'mystic' removed from the world, but her prayer and writing are rooted in her life: "In reality it is through ordinary life and through everyday things that our union with God takes place." (p. 26). Elsewhere he qualifies precisely that "what we will be asked to do is to give to God our flesh and blood, our daily life: our thoughts, our service to others, our affections and loves, our words, our intelligence, our walking, working and sleeping, our daily joys and sorrows." (p. 36). And a few pages earlier: "What she [the Virgin] did and does is the only thing that all of us must do, that is, to give birth to Christ in the world. Christ is to be born in every soul, to be formed in every life. (p. 16)".

Poetic force

The poetic force of Houselander's writing is very impressive, with brief paragraphs, some of them very brief, but with a strength and force that awaken the soul. Undoubtedly, it brings to mind that definition of poetry as "a few true words"which Machado expressed with great simplicity (GalleriesXXXXVIII). The reader perceives that what this author writes is true in its most radical, most vital sense. Houselander is not describing a theory, but her experience of God: "It's amazing to think that God is really present in me. (...). This act of faith gives peace. It silences the noise of distraction, the noise of fear. It is the stillness of the waters" (p. 153). "As he is in our little house we will learn to control our minds, to silence our thoughts crowning them with peace." (p. 154). 

Such intimate dealings with God do not eliminate worldly concerns or personal limitations. Sometimes tiredness or suffering are so intense that they prevent us from doing more, but the feeling that God is in us will always be a source of great consolation: "It is useless to flagellate a tired mind, useless to reproach a tired heart. The only way to God when we are exhausted is a simple act of faith without words (...) The awareness of God's presence in us makes us avoid all distractions and destructive preoccupations such as self-pity, anxiety and irritability towards others." (p. 154). In fact, for Caryll Houselander there is only one cure: trust in God, an absolute trust that will not free us from suffering, but it will free us from anxiety, doubt and above all from fear. 

Good humor

Houselander was a strong advocate of love informed by humility, suffering, patience-which brings the patience of Christ into the world-and good humor. As stated in the brief biographical profile which closes The reed of God, was especially gifted at working with people suffering from emotional wounds and was able to heal deeply troubled people. "She loved them until they regained their health."said English psychiatrist Eric Strauss. Serving God and others with good humor became the hallmark of Caryll Houselander (p. 194).

Book

The Reed of GodCaryll Houselander
Rialp: Madrid, 2023
The authorSara Barrena and Jaime Nubiola

The Vatican

Pope Francis remains stable

The Pope's health condition continues to improve, although more days of stability are still required for a definitive evaluation.

Javier García Herrería-February 27, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

Medical report on the Pope's health from the Vatican Press Office:

The Holy Father's clinical condition continues to improve today.

Today he has alternated high-flow oxygen therapy with the Venturi mask.

Given the complexity of the clinical picture, more days of clinical stability are necessary to dissolve the prognosis.

The Holy Father He dedicated the morning to respiratory physiotherapy, alternating it with rest, while in the afternoon, after a new session of physiotherapy, he was recollected in prayer in the chapel of the private apartment on the 10th floor, receiving the Eucharist; then he devoted himself to work activities.

The Vatican has also informed that due to the Holy Father's prolonged hospitalization, the Jubilee Audience on Saturday, March 1 is cancelled.

Tonight the rosary will be prayed again in St. Peter's Square praying for the Pope's health.

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Spain

Monsignor García Magán: "We are not in pre conclave".

The Permanent Commission of the Spanish Episcopal Conference met on February 25 and 26. In the press conference that followed, questions about conversion therapies, the Plan of Integral Reparation for Victims of Abuse, the situation of the Pope and a possible next conclave were discussed.

Editorial Staff Omnes-February 27, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

– Supernatural Standing Committee of the Spanish Episcopal Conference met on February 25 and 26. During the sessions, the Spanish bishops prayed particularly for the health of Pope Francis. However, Monsignor Francisco César García Magán admitted in the press conference after the meeting that the Episcopal Conference has not sent a message to the Pope, but they expressed through a post on social networks that they wish to accompany the Holy Father with their prayer.

In addition to the health of Pope Francis, the Standing Commission has begun to define the pastoral guidelines for the period 2026-2030, with the president, Msgr. Luis Argüello presenting some preliminary ideas. The proposals made will be included in a first draft to be presented at the next Plenary Assembly, scheduled for March 31 to April 4. On the other hand, the current pastoral guidelines, contained in the document "Faithful to Missionary Sending", will remain in force until the end of 2025.

The meeting also discussed the application in Spain of the final document of the Synod "For a Synodal Church: Communion, Participation and Mission", with a summary presented by Bishop Francisco Conesa, who was a Synod Father. Like the pastoral guidelines, this topic will be studied at the next Plenary.

Commemorations

The Commission also discussed the organization of the ecumenical event to commemorate the 1700th anniversary of the Council of Nicaea, which will include the publication of a declaration inviting to renew the faith of Nicaea. The draft text of this declaration will be reviewed by the bishops at next month's assembly.

The Episcopal Conference is also working on the commemoration of the centenary of the apparitions of Our Lady to Sister Lucia in Pontevedra. For this purpose, the Archbishop of Santiago, Msgr. Francisco José Prieto, and the director of the Secretariat of Laity, Family and Life, Luis Manuel Romero, are preparing pastoral proposals and organizing reforms in the sanctuary where the apparitions took place.

On the other hand, the director of the Office for the Causes of Saints, Lourdes Grosso, presented to the Commission a project on holiness in the particular Churches, based on Pope Francis' letter of November 16, 2024. In that document, the Holy Father encouraged the celebration of the saints, blessed, venerable and servants of God of each particular Church.

Appointments and publications

The Standing Commission also approved the agenda for the next Plenary Assembly and a series of appointments, among them that of Bishop Santos Montoya Torres as the new Consiliary of Catholic Action of Spain, and Juan Antonio Pérez Mena as president of the Federation of Scouts of Castilla-La Mancha. Also approved was the joint publication between the BAC and the San Pablo publishing house of the book "The Bible. Escrutad las Escrituras.

Conclave rumors

At the end of García Magán's intervention, during the round of questions the journalists raised again the controversy of conversion therapies in the diocese. The response of the secretary general was that from the Episcopal Conference "we are against conversion therapies, but neither do we approve of affirmation therapies as an exclusive solution". In this sense, said the bishop, it is essential "to differentiate spiritual accompaniment from what is a therapy".

The issue of PRIVA (Plan for the Integral Reparation of Victims of Sexual Abuse) was also raised, which, the Secretary General affirmed "is working and the cases presented are being attended to. When a year has passed, the Commission will give an account of its work, until then no further information will be given".

Finally, when asked by several journalists about the Pope, rumors of his resignation and the possibility of an upcoming conclave, the Secretary General of the Spanish Episcopal Conference assured that "we are not in a pre-conclave period at all" and encouraged those present to continue praying for the Pontiff.

Integral ecology

Report "Meter 2024": alarming increase in online pedophile material

The Association's report Meter highlights the magnitude of a reality that is often invisible and requires urgent responses from society, authorities and technological platforms.

Javier García Herrería-February 27, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

The report Meter 2024presented on February 27 in Italy by the Meter ETS Association, gives a shocking picture of the proliferation of child abuse material on the Internet. Each piece of information has been individually verified by the World Observatory Against Pedophilia, which collaborates with law enforcement agencies in the identification and prosecution of these crimes.

The document confirms an unprecedented growth of online pedophilia, with figures that show the magnitude of the problem. In just one year, the number of videos containing pedophile content has increased by 220%exceeding 2 million files available on the network. In addition, the following have been detected almost 2 million images, 410 distribution groups in social networksmost of them in Signal, y 8,034 links to web pages dedicated to the dissemination of this content.

One of the most disturbing data in the report is the location of 269 compressed folders containing explicit child sexual abuse material, documenting the existence of organized networks operating with alarming impunity.

Mothers' abuse of their children on the rise

The report highlights another worrying phenomenon: the increase in sexual abuse perpetrated by women, particularly by mothers towards their own children, a trend known as Pedomama. Meter's investigation revealed a shocking case in which a single link shared via Signal contained 1.49 terabytes of child pornography, equivalent to 148,720 videos and photos.

The president of the association, Fortunato Di NotoThe company has pointed out that "Signal has become an accomplice to evil" because, while its end-to-end encryption protects the privacy of its users, it makes it extremely difficult to identify criminals and remove illegal material, thus favoring the impunity of pedo-criminal networks.

America and Europe lead in child pornography distribution

The Meter 2024 Report places America and Europe as the main hubs for the distribution of pedophile material on the web. According to the data collected, 4,977 links were identified on servers in the Americas and 1,475 in Europe, confirming the key role of these two continents in the management of platforms that facilitate the dissemination of this type of content.

In terms of national domains, the report reveals that New Zealand tops the list with 930 reported links, followed by the British Indian Ocean Territory with 642 links, and Colombia, with 390 links. This data reflects how criminals seek refuge in less regulated jurisdictions to host and exchange illegal material.

Artificial intelligence, the new threat in child exploitation

Artificial Intelligence is emerging as a dangerous ally of child exploitation networks. According to the report, criminal groups are using AI to generate disturbingly realistic fake images and videos of child abuse. Although these images do not represent real situations, the danger is undeniable: they objectify children, fuel the demand for pedophile content and normalize real abuse.

The Meter Association has called for AI-generated images to be universally recognized as crimes against children, even if they do not represent actual physical abuse.

The role of culture and historical permissiveness

The Meter ETS report focuses on the present, but the cultural and ideological context that has allowed this phenomenon to grow unchecked in recent decades cannot be ignored.

In the 1970s and 1980s, progressive sectors of the European intelligentsia promoted the decriminalization of sexual relations between adults and minors. One particularly revealing episode occurred in France in 1977, when 80 left-wing intellectuals signed a manifesto in defense of the legalization of pedophilia. Among the signatories were renowned figures such as Michel Foucault, Jean-Paul Sartre, Jacques Derrida, Simone de Beauvoir, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari.

At the time, even the Catholic Church was singled out by some of these circles as a "repressive" institution that, by opposing these ideas, was "preventing the happiness of children". Paradoxically, today it is rightly reproached for not having adequately dealt with the abuses committed within it, forgetting that these aberrations took place in a cultural climate that sought to relativize the harm caused to the victims.

The position in favor of pedophilia has waned over the years, and attempts to normalize it are now meeting with strong social resistance. However, the black market for child pornography continues to grow out of control, fueled by international criminal networks operating under the cover of digital impunity.

How to combat this phenomenon

In view of the worrying picture presented in the report, the Meter Association proposes several lines of action:

  • Include in educational programs training on affectivity and responsible use of the Internet.
  • Provide counseling and support to families from school institutions.
  • Mobilize the press and civil organizations to raise awareness of the seriousness of the problem.
  • Establish more restrictive legislation and provide the authorities with effective means to combat this crime.

The report Meter 2024 highlights the magnitude of a reality that is often invisible and that requires urgent and forceful responses from society, authorities and technological platforms.

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The Vatican

The world in prayer for Pope Francis

Faithful from all over the world, from Italy to Latin America and countries such as Syria and Egypt, join in prayers and vigils for the speedy recovery of Pope Francis.

Giovanni Tridente-February 27, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

Since Pope Francis was admitted to the Policlinico Gemelli In Rome, the Catholic faithful in Italy and in many other countries have united in an extraordinary mobilization of prayer for his recovery. From parish churches to squares, including spontaneous gatherings in front of the hospital, vigils, Masses and rosaries dedicated to the Pope "come from the end of the world" are multiplying. Numerous ecclesiastical authorities have encouraged this "marathon of prayers", underlining the importance of "manifesting the Church's closeness to the Pope and to the sick".

From St. Peter's to Gemelli

For obvious reasons of geographical proximity, the response of the faithful in Italy was immediate and heartfelt. The Bishops' Conference has invited parishes and religious communities to intensify their prayers for the Holy Father.

In Rome, following the mobilization of the Vicariate with Cardinal Baldassare Reina, the Vatican, through the Secretariat of State, organizes every evening the prayer of the Rosary in St. Peter's Square starting at 9:00 p.m., led in turn by resident cardinals, collaborators of the Curia and Roman diocesan clergy, with the participation of hundreds of faithful. The first of these vigils was presided over by the Cardinal Secretary of State, Pietro Parolin; he was followed by Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle, pro-prefect of the Dicastery for Evangelization, and Cardinal Giovan Battista Re, dean of the College of Cardinals.

White balloons, lit candles and floral arrangements have been appearing for days in the square of Gemelli Hospital, where groups of devotees gather daily in prayer under the windows of the Pope's room on the tenth floor.

In the same polyclinic a permanent prayer chain has been started: every day, at lunchtime, in the hospital chapel dedicated to St. John Paul II, doctors, patients and healthcare personnel participate in an hour of Eucharistic adoration followed by Mass, praying "in a special way" for the Pontiff.

In the square in front of the statue of John Paul II, the evening Rosary is also prayed together with visitors and faithful present. "At this moment, I would like us to ask for the same faith as Abraham, the spes vs. spemNunzio Corrao, chaplain of the Gemelli, during a Eucharistic adoration for Pope Francis. Even the usual Sunday Angelus prayer is experienced in a special way.

In Rome, several pontifical universities, such as Holy Cross, Gregorian and Lateran, have invited their academic communities to pray for the health and speedy recovery of the Pontiff.

From Argentina to Syria

The wave of prayer for the health of the Pontiff has transcended national borders, acquiring a global dimension. Particularly moving is the mobilization in Latin America, Francis' homeland.

In Buenos Aires, his hometown, hundreds of faithful gathered in Plaza Constitución for an open-air Mass presided over by Archbishop Jorge Ignacio García Cuerva. "Bergoglio's pontificate is a breath of fresh air for a world suffocated by violence and exclusion. Now that he is lacking a little oxygen, he needs us: may our prayer be that breath that reaches his lungs to heal", said in his homily Monsignor García Cuerva, evoking with a powerful image the spiritual unity of the people with their shepherd.

There is no lack of echoes of collective prayers in other parts of the world. In Syria, for example, the twelve parishes of the Archieparchy of Homs joined in a spontaneous novena: "Masses have been celebrated and rosaries prayed every day since the Pontiff has been at the Gemelli," the Syro-Catholic Archbishop of Homs, Jacques Mourad, told the Vatican media.

The same is true in the Church in Austria. The Archbishop Emeritus of Vienna, Cardinal Christoph Schönborn, recalled that Francis often asks the faithful to pray for him, and "in these days he needs it more than ever. Let us pray for him together. In Switzerland, the Bishops' Conference assured that "bishops and faithful are united in prayer for the Pope and his speedy recovery, together with the rest of the world".

From faraway Finland, Bishop Raimo Goyarrola sent a message of solidarity, commending Francis to Our Lady "Health of the Sick" and joining with Finnish Catholics in the universal pleas for the healing of the Holy Father.

Significant is the current of benevolence that transcends the boundaries of Catholicism: from Egypt, Ahmed al-Tayebthe Grand Imam of Al-Azhar and a leading figure in Sunni Islam, addressed a public greeting calling the Pope "my dear brother" and assuring prayers.

Italian Imam Yahya Pallavicini highlighted Francis as "a champion of dialogue and friendship with Muslims," ensuring that during the holy month of Ramadan the Islamic community will also remember him in their prayers, wishing him a full recovery.

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Evangelization

St. Gabriel de la Dolorosa and St. Anne Line, martyred for welcoming priests

The liturgy of the Church celebrates on February 27 the Italian St. Gabriel della Dolorosa; the British St. Anne Line and companions martyred in the England of Elizabeth I; and St. Gregory of Narek, among other saints.  

Francisco Otamendi-February 27, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Francesco Possenti, who took the name of Gabriel de la Dolorosawas born in Assisi in 1838 into a well-to-do family and was the eleventh of thirteen children. From an early age learned to pray by the hand of his parents, who passed on to him a strong faith. They moved to Spoleto and when he was only four years old, his mother died and his education was left in the hands of his father, Santos. As a teenager he performed at his best in school. 

The death of his sister Maria Luisa marked him deeply, and he considered the possibility of religious life. On August 22, 1856, according to the Passionists, he heard clearly during a procession that the image of Mary Most Holy said a few words to himFrancis, this life is not for you". A fortnight later, at the age of 18, he went to Morrovalle to join the Passionists.

St. Gabriel della Dolorosa shared with his relatives the joy of God's call: "The joy I feel inside this house is unspeakable compared to the fun I had outside. I wouldn't trade a quarter of an hour spent here for all the shows at Spoleto." He professed religious vows in the Congregation of the Passion of Jesus Christ, increased his devotion to the Mother of God and dedicated himself to the poor. He died at the age of 24 from tuberculosis, before his ordination.

Brave in the chase

St. Anne Line, widow of London in the reign of Elizabeth I (16th-17th centuries), offered refuge to Catholic priests, which led her to the martyrdom. She is remembered in England for her courage in times of persecution: she was executed in Tyburn, London. Along with her were martyred the presbyters Mark Barkworth, of the Order of St. Benedict, and Roger Filcock, of the Society of Jesus. She was canonized by St. Paul VI in 1970 together with the rest of the Forty Martyrsof England and Wales.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Evangelization

Rosary of blessings for the family

The "Great Rosary of Blessings for the Family," initiated in 2012 in Montevideo, gathers thousands of Uruguayans every January on the Rambla to pray by the sea.

Agustin Sapriza-February 27, 2025-Reading time: 4 minutes

On Saturday, January 25, the 14th edition of the "Great Rosary of Blessings for the Family" was held on the Rambla in Montevideo, Uruguay. An event that grows year after year and that has become a sign of love for the Blessed Mother every fourth Saturday of January.

Mary blesses families

In summer in Uruguay, especially in January, the main attraction is to go to the beach, since the country offers several hundred kilometers of beaches, which is the usual destination for most families.

Thus it was that fourteen years ago an initiative started, driven by lay people, to promote devotion to the Virgin by the beach. They chose as a meeting place an area of the Rambla de Montevideo, a large space in front of the sea. The center of the meeting was the prayer of the rosary as a family, a public event on the last Saturday of January.

At the beginning it was a small group of faithful, now there are thousands, who gather to pray the rosary by the sea, at sunset, as a public manifestation of love for the Virgin, a call to look towards heaven to ask with faith for those intentions that we carry in our hearts.

Initiative and impetus from the laity

The initial idea came from Mario Viloria, who died during the covid pandemic. He was very well known in the Catholic world, he was defined as "a truck going downhill without brakes". He was a simple man of great faith. He had this idea, but it did not materialize. He wanted to make a rosary in that place. In his youth he practiced bow and arrow... he wanted to shoot this idea, and he succeeded.

He went to talk to the parish priest where the place is located. He wanted to ask permission and got it after insisting in 2012. As he was a faithful of another parish, he engaged a group of lay people to accompany him. The two parishes, St. Peter's and the Miraculous Medal, joined forces. The goal was to pray the rosary on a Saturday afternoon in January at the Aduana de Oribe, in front of the little port of Buceo.

Under his enthusiastic impulse, work began between the two parishes, defining who would preach and who would lead the rosary. Two hundred candle holders were made from soda bottles to hold a candle. Plastic rosaries were bought.

The character of the group was discussed and it was defined as a "group that joins together to pray the rosary". A music ministry group, called Hinneni (here I am), was also incorporated and entrusted with the musical animation. The big surprise was that the first rosary was attended by several hundred faithful, to everyone's surprise.

A growing initiative

From that first rosary, a commission was formed to organize the second rosary. A third parish was recently created because the place where the rosary was held was part of its territory. Procedures were made with the municipal authorities, national organizations and the Ministry of the Interior for all the logistics. 

The second rosary was attended by about two thousand people, and what began as a somewhat far-fetched idea became a reality. In addition, a space was set up for confessions, with the help of priests from other parishes, where many of the faithful approach the sacrament. 

For this second call, a well-known television program and Esther Meikle, who promoted, and continues to promote, the care of all the details of the organization, helped. Thus was born a permanent group formed by servers, under the name of "Great Blessing Rosary for the family"Currently, you can consult their website, where they encourage people to pray the rosary daily, under the motto: "Family that prays together, stays together".

The image of the Virgin at the beginning was of the Miraculous Medal, it was replaced by the current one, an Immaculate that was brought from Mexico and is taken to the place when the rosary is performed. 

During the third rosary, a proposal was made to install this image there permanently, which produced a great repercussion in the country. A campaign was started in favor of its installation, with the slogan: "Yes to Mary". But... it did not succeed. The approval at the level of the departmental board was lacking. In everyone is present the illusion of putting it permanently in that place, when the authorities authorize.

An exciting present and future

"The annual celebration of the event turned the place into a referent, which is why it was selected as the venue for the closing Mass of the II Uruguay Marian Congress", "Encounter with Mary", on October 7, 2017, with the participation of 25,000 people. There, a new consecration of Uruguay to the Virgin of Treinta y Tres took place, as John Paul II had done in 1988 when he visited the country. 

This past Saturday the event was held, with the presence of twenty priests hearing confessions. Every year different priests preach the sermon. Testimonies have been added: last year they were given by two survivors of the Andes accident that has been reflected in the movie "The Snow Society". One of the mysteries of the rosary is prayed by a family and another one is impressive because it is prayed in silence, all united in prayer, each one making their own intentions. 

This is an initiative promoted from its origin by lay people and that has grown with their impulse, with the desire to spread the devotion to the Virgin, has been gathering every last Saturday of January for fourteen years thousands of Uruguayans, entire families, who give testimony of their faith. 

Gospel

Conversion of the heart. Eighth Sunday in Ordinary Time (C)

Joseph Evans comments on the readings for the Seventh Sunday in Ordinary Time (C) corresponding to February 23, 2025.

Joseph Evans-February 27, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Wednesday marks the beginning of Lent and today's readings help us prepare for it by focusing on two fundamental needs of our soul: conversion and the examination of conscience that leads to it. Or, as Our Lord says, to produce good fruits and not bad ones. This is the meaning of Lent: to discard bad fruits and try to produce good fruits. And for this we need to examine ourselves. 

The first reading offers some useful metaphors for personal examination. A sieve is shaken to separate the good from the bad. The sieve lets the good wheat pass into the sack, but retains the useless chaff. We could ask ourselves: what is good wheat in me, and what is useless chaff, that is to say, only appearance but without substance? The kiln tests the potter's work: its fire shows what is of good quality and what is bad. Or the fruit trees: just as the fruit reveals the quality of the tree, our thoughts reveal the moral quality of our mind.

We may not be accustomed to examine our conscience to see the state of our soul. Many people think they are fine, just as a man with defective vision may think his clothes are clean because he does not see well or look carefully, when in fact he has many stains.

Jesus gives amusing examples of how little we can know ourselves, starting with two blind men trying to guide each other. As he says"Won't they both fall into the hole?". Of course they will fall. Sometimes we do the same. We look for blind guides, people who tell us what we want to hear, who confirm us in our bad lives. 

The second example is that of the person who sees a splinter in someone else's eye and does not notice the beam in his own. With a large beam in one's own eye, it would be difficult to even walk! And yet, instead of trying to solve it, some people fixate (and exaggerate) on the small flaws, the "speckles"from the eyes of others.

Thus, there are two ways to avoid conversion: the first is to look for bad guides who only confirm us in our sins; the second is to focus on the (often small) defects of others as a way to avoid facing our own. Conversion requires, therefore, seeking good guides (such as spiritual accompaniment or the reading of good spiritual books), good companions, who guide us on the right path, and realizing that it is I who must be converted, not others. 

Then we will be good trees bearing good fruit, as Jesus speaks of in the Gospel. From the reservoir of goodness in our heart will spring good deeds, and not bad ones.

The Vatican

The Pope remains stable and his prognosis is still guarded.

The Pope has had a slight improvement and rested well last night.

Javier García Herrería-February 26, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

This is the communiqué of the Holy See Press Office sent at 6:34 p.m. on Wednesday, February 26:

The Holy Father's clinical condition in the last 24 hours has again shown a slight improvement.

The slight renal insufficiency observed in the last few days has subsided.

The CT scan of the thorax, performed yesterday afternoon, showed a normal evolution of the pulmonary inflammatory picture.

Today's hematochemical and hemacytometric tests have confirmed yesterday's improvement.

The Holy Father continues oxygen therapy at high flow rates; today he has not presented any asthmatic respiratory crisis.

Respiratory physiotherapy continues.

Although there has been a slight improvement, the prognosis remains guarded.

During the morning, the Holy Father received the Eucharist. The afternoon was dedicated to work activities.

So much for the words of the communiqué.

The Vatican reported this morning four appointments of bishops in Mexico, Tanzania and Australia.

It has also been published the catechesis The Pope would have given in St. Peter's Square, which reflects on the infancy of Jesus.

Evangelization

St. Alexander, patriarch and promoter of Nicaea, and St. Paula Montal, patriarch of Nicaea.

The Church celebrates on February 26, among other saints, St. Alexander, Patriarch of Alexandria and promoter of the Council of Nicaea, who condemned the Arian doctrines and formulated the Nicene Creed, and the Catalan St. Paula Montal, founder of the Daughters of Mary or Piarists, inspired by the work of St. Joseph Calasanz.  

Francisco Otamendi-February 26, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

The liturgy today commemorates St. Alexander, Patriarch of Alexandria, known for his zeal for the faith. According to the Roman Martyrology, Bishop Alexander was the first to discover the heresy of Arius and to combat it, a matter of great concern to the Church in the third and fourth centuries. Alexander is known for his apostolic doctrine and for having ordained a young deacon, St. Athanasiuswhich later became famous throughout Christendom.

San Alejandro was one of the driving forces behind the Council of Nicea in 325, which with more than three hundred council fathers condemned Arianism, which held that in reality only God the Father was God. He is considered a great ombudsman of Catholic doctrine, and is also celebrated by the Orthodox Church (May 29). Not to be confused with St. Alexander of Jerusalem, bishop and martyr, who is celebrated on March 18. 

Foundress of the Piarists

Saint Paula Montal, foundress of the Daughters of Mary or Piarists, was born in Arenys de Mar (Barcelona) on October 11, 1799 and died on February 26, 1889, in the last school founded by her, in Olesa de Montserrat. 

The work of the Piarist schools in the Church and society is directed to the human and Christian education of children and youth, and to the integral formation of the woman. St. Paula Montal, identified with the charism of St. Joseph Calasanz, wanted the Calasanctian spirituality for the Institute. In 1993, Mother Paula was beatified by St. John Paul II, and in 2001, canonized. They are now present in more than 20 countries.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Culture

Jesus and non-canonical sources about him

It is often thought that only the Christian Scriptures speak of Jesus of Nazareth and that there are no other clues or references to him outside of these, but we have non-canonical sources, which we can divide into non-Christian and Christian, in which evidence of the existence of Jesus is also found.

Gerardo Ferrara-February 26, 2025-Reading time: 5 minutes

It is often thought that only the Christian Scriptures speak of Jesus of Nazareth and that there are no other clues or references to him outside of them. But this is not so.

If, in fact, on the one hand we have the so-called "canonical" sources (i.e. those texts accepted and recognized by the Catholic Church as inspired by God and, therefore, sacred: the four canonical Gospels, the Acts of the ApostlesOn the other hand, we have the non-canonical ones, which we can divide into non-Christian and Christian (in the latter group we find the so-called "apocryphal" ones, that is, the apocryphal Gospels, the "ágrafa" and the "logia Iesu"). Then there are the archaeological sources, which constitute a separate category.

In this article we will briefly discuss non-Christian and non-canonical Christian sources.

Non-evangelical sources: non-Christian historical documents

Among these sources are references to Jesus or especially to his followers. They are the work of ancient non-Christian authors, such as Tacitus, Suetonius, Pliny the Younger, Lucian of Samosata, Marcus Aurelius and Minucius Felix. Allusions to Jesus of Nazareth can also be read in the Babylonian Talmud. However, the information provided by these sources is not particularly useful, since they do not provide detailed information about Jesus.

Sometimes, in fact, wishing to diminish his importance or the legitimacy of the cult born of him, they refer to him inaccurately and slanderously, speaking of him, for example, as the son of a comb-maker, or of a magician, or even of a certain Panther, a name which is a transcription and misinterpretation of the Greek word "parthenos" (virgin), already used by the early Christians to refer to the person of Christ, son of the Virgin.

However, non-Christian historical documents already provide some confirmation of the existence of Jesus of Nazareth, albeit through fragmentary reports.

The "Testimonium Flavianum".

Of all the non-Christian historical documents about Jesus of Nazareth, the most famous is undoubtedly the "Testimonium Flavianum" by the Jewish author Josephus Flavius (c. 37-100).

The passage in question is found in the work "Jewish Antiquities" (XVIII, 63-64). Until 1971 a version circulated that referred to Jesus of Nazareth in terms considered excessively sensationalist and pious for an observant Jew like Josephus Flavius. In fact, it was suspected that the Greek translation known until then had been reworked by Christians.

In 1971, Professor Shlomo Pines (1908-1990) of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem published a different translation, based on a version he had found in a 10th century Arabic manuscript, the "Universal History of Agapius of Hierapolis" (d. 941). It is considered a more reliable text, since no possible interpolations are found in it, and today it is universally regarded as the oldest account of Jesus of Nazareth in a non-Christian source (the work "Jewish Antiquities" dates from 94 A.D.).

Here is the passage: "At that time there was a wise man named Jesus, who showed a good conduct of life and was considered virtuous, and he had many disciples among the Jews and other peoples. Pilate condemned him to crucifixion and death, but those who had been his disciples did not deny his doctrine and reported that he had appeared to them three days after the crucifixion and that he was alive, and that he was probably the Christ of whom the prophets had spoken".

Josephus Flavius himself describes, again in "Jewish Antiquities" (XX, 200), the stoning of the apostle James (head of the Christian community in Jerusalem): "Ananus (the high priest Annas) [...] summoned the Sanhedrin to judge him and led there the brother of Jesus, called the Christ, called James, and some others, accusing them of transgressing the law and condemning them to stoning". This description coincides with that given by the apostle Paul in his letter to the Galatians (1.19). In another passage (XCIII, 116-119) the historian points to the figure of John the Baptist.

Another important testimony is that of the pagan Tacitus, who, in his "Annals" (around 117 A.D.), in dealing with Nero and the burning of Rome in 64 A.D., relates (XV, 44) that the emperor, in order to deflect the rumors that blamed him for the disaster that had almost totally destroyed the capital of the Empire, blamed the Christians, then known to the people as Chrestines: "The author of this name, Christ, under the empire of Tiberius, had been condemned to torture by the procurator Pontius Pilate; but, repressed for the moment, the execrable superstition broke out again, not only for Judea, the origin of that evil, but also for Urbe, where from all sides flow and exalt all atrocious and shameful things...".

Non-evangelical sources: non-canonical Christian documents

Ágrafa and "logia Iesu".

Grafè, i.e., "unwritten", are short sayings or aphorisms attributed to Jesus, which, however, have been handed down outside Sacred Scripture (Grafè) in general or the Gospels in particular (for example, the phrase "It is more blessed to give than to receive", which Paul records in Acts 20:35 but which is not found in any of the Gospels).

A similar argument can be made in the case of the "logia Iesu" (sayings), also short phrases attributed to the Nazarene, in this respect quite similar to the Agrapha, except that the latter are more typically found in works of the Fathers of the Church (authors of patristic literature, for example, Athanasius, Basil the Great, Gregory Nazianzen, John Chrysostom, Jerome, Ambrose, Augustine, Gregory the Great, John Damascene) or recounted in ancient documents such as the Acts of the Apostles or found in ancient documents such as papyri, like those of Oxyrhynchus (between the first and sixth centuries AD, found in Egypt between the first and sixth centuries AD), or found in ancient documents such as the papyri of Oxyrhynchus (between the first and sixth centuries AD, found in Egypt between the first and sixth centuries AD, found in Egypt between the first and sixth centuries AD).C, found in Egypt between the 19th and 20th centuries and containing fragments of authors such as Homer, Euclid, Livy, etc.).

From a historical point of view, these sources are not considered totally reliable.

Apocryphal Gospels

Here we speak finally of the apocryphal Gospels. By this term, which derives from the Greek ἀπόκρυϕος ("apocryphos," i.e., "hidden," "secret," and, by extension, of unknown author) we refer to those numerous (about fifteen) and heterogeneous writings about Jesus of Nazareth that do not fit into the Christian biblical canon for various reasons:

  • late compared to the canonical Gospels (an average difference of a century: for the canonical Gospels we speak of a redaction dating from the second half of the first century A.D., for the apocrypha from the middle of the second century A.D.);
  • textual form different from the canonical one (the canonical Gospels are recognizable by their expressive and linguistic organicity and their simple style devoid of sensationalism, while the apocryphal ones by their legendary and fairy-tale aura);
  • transmit doctrines that contradict the official ones (they are often gnostic documents "cleverly" constructed to spread new doctrines and justify political and religious positions of individuals or groups).

However, the apocryphal Gospels are not entirely unreliable (for example, the Protoevangelium of James contains accounts and traditions of the infancy of Jesus, the life of Mary or of apostles that have entered the popular Christian imagination). In fact, they offer us a religious and cultural panorama of the environment in the second century A.D. However, the contradictions they contain, their disagreement with the texts considered official, as well as the evident deficiencies of doctrine, veracity and independence of the sources do not allow us to attribute authority to them from a historical point of view.

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